Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas
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Prevalensi dan Pola Sensitivitas Antibiotik Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli Penghasil Extended Spectrum Beta Laktamase di RSUP Dr. M Djamil Padang
Full text linkPrevalensi Escherichia coli dan Klebsiella pneumoniae penghasil Extended spectrum beta Lactamase (ESBL) meningkat dalam beberapa tahun ini. Infeksi bakteri penghasil ESBL memiliki pilihan terapi yang terbatas. Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi dan pola sensitivitas antibiotik dari Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif dengan rancangan potong lintang terhadap 828 sampel mikrobiologi dengan hasil kultur positif terhadap bakteri Gram negatif pada bulan Juni 2018- Mei 2019 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Identifikasi bakteri, pemeriksaan ESBL dan uji sensitivitas dilakukan dengan alat mikrobiologi otomatis dengan metode kolorimetri dan turbidimetri. Hasil: Prevalensi Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr M Djamill Padang masing-masing sebanyak 70,9% dan 75,7%. Sensitivitas Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL adalah 96,4% dan 98,8 terhadap antibiotik meropenem, 98,9% dan 99,4% terhadap antibiotik amikasin, 53,5% dan 44,8% terhadap antibiotik sefepim, 46,2% dan 53,4% terhadap antibiotik gentamisin serta 31,5% dan 15,9% terhadap antibiotik siprofloksasin. Prevalensi Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr. M Djamil Padang cukup tinggi dengan rata-rata prevalensi kedua bakteri 73,2%. Simpulan: Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL sensitif terhadap antibiotik meropenem dan amikasin.Kata kunci: ESBL, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, prevalens
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan ODHA dalam Mengkonsumsi Antiretroviral di Poliklinik VCT RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang Tahun 2017
Full text linkPasien diindikasikan tidak patuh menggunakan antiretroviral sebanyak 38,5% di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Tujuan: Menentukan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pasien dalam mengkonsumsi antiretroviral di Poliklinik Voluntary counselling and test  RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain mix-method dengan pendekatan kuantitatif cross-sectional, sedangkan pendekatan kualitatif dengan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan indepth interview. Hasil: Ada lebih dari separoh Orang Dengan HIV AIDS (ODHA) patuh dalam mengkonsumsi antiretroviral. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara psikologis pasien dengan kepatuhan ODHA. Dukungan sosial dan efek samping obat ARV tidak berhubungan dengan kepatuhan ODHA. Kejenuhan, hubungan pasien dengan dokter, stigma, layanan konseling pra penggunaan ARV, belum semua ODHA mengenal fasilitas fast track, serta faktor ekonomi menjadi faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan ODHA mengkonsumsi ARV. Simpulan: Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara psikologis pasien dengan kepatuhan ODHA.Kata kunci: antiretroviral, dukungan sosial, efek samping obat, kepatuhan, psikologis pasie
Pengaruh Likopen terhadap Kadar Soluble FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase 1 pada Preeklamsi
Full text linkPreeklamsi merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas baik maternal maupun perinatal. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh pemberian likopen terhadap kadar sFlt-1 secara in vitro pada sel trofoblas model preeklamsi. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental di Laboratorium Genetika Molekuler dan Kultur Sel Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran selama periode 2017-2018. Sampel serum diperoleh dari RS. Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien yang telah didiagnosis preeklamsi berdasarkan pemeriksaan tekanan darah dan protein urin, dan kriteria eksklusi adalag pasien yang tidak datang kontrol atau tidak bisa dihubungi. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahap, pertama ditentukan nilai LD50 likopen terhadap sel trofoblas kemudian dijadikan dasar nilai konsentrasi yang akan digunakan, selanjutnya dilakukan pemeriksaan sFlt-1 menggunakan metode Elisa pada kultur sel trofoblas kondisi normal dan preeklamsi dengan analisa data menggunakan analisis varians (Anova) dan uji Duncan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar variabel. Hasil: Nilai LD50 adalah 250 ug/ml dan serial konsentrasi yang digunakan mulai dari 1,953 sampai dengan 125 ug/ml. Didapatkan kadar sFlt-1 menurun secara signifikan (p0,05) dari 39,5445 menjadi 31,1342 pg/ml pada sel trofoblas yang diinduksi dengan serum preeklamsi setelah pemberian konsentrasi likopen sebesar 15,625-31,25 ug/ml yang nilainya mendekati keadaan pada sel trofoblas yang diinduksi serum kehamilan normal. Pemberian likopen dapat menurunkan kadar sFlt-1 pada sel trofoblas preeklamsi. Simpulan: Likopen dapat merubah kadar sFlt-1 dan perubahannya dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi dan jenis serum.Kata kunci: likopen, preeklampsi, sFlt-1Â
Intoksikasi Alkohol Akibat Minuman Keras Oplosan
Full text linkThe incidence of alcoholic liquor poisoning (alcoholic liquor) in Indonesia shows a high number. One of the causes of alcohol poisoning is methanol. Methanol poisoning in Indonesia usually occurs as a result of drinking mixed alcohol liquor. It has been reported a male 23 years old with decreased consciousness after drinking oplosan alcohol suspected to contain methanol. The examination reveals that patients has metabolic acidosis, toxic optic neuropathy (TON) and erosive gastritis. Treatment was acidosis correction, prevent formation of metabolites, hemodialysis with supportive and symptomatic teraphy .Keywords: methanol, poisoning, alcohol mixed liquo
Junctional Bradikardia pada Pasien Hiperkalemia
Full text linkHyperkalemia is a life-threatening electrolyte abnormality resulting in cardiac arrhythmia. Hyperkalemia may also cause bradycardia with junctional rhythm. However, the prevalence of hyperkalemia accompanying symptomatic bradycardia has only been explored in a few case reports. Thus we present a case of hyperkalemia with uncommon ECG findings. It has been reported that a 76 years old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperkalemia and suspected coronary artery disease complaining about palpitation. Electrocardiography (ECG) showed junctional bradycardia with tall T wave and laboratory examination showed mild hyperkalemia (5.8 mmol/L). After one day of observation, severe hypotension was detected. Unexpectedly the cardiac rhythm was returned into the sinus after correction of hyperkalemia using calcium gluconate, insulin, dextrose, and salbutamol. As serum potassium level rises, sinoatrial and atrioventricular conduction was blocked, causing escape rhythm (junctional escape rhythm). In hyperkalemia, cardiotoxicity can be caused by an increase in resting membrane potential, decreased depolarization and duration of depolarization. When detected on ECG, hyperkalemia should be treated urgently and important to identify underlying causes or precipitating factors of hyperkalemia. Sinus node dysfunction is not excluded in this case. Â Hyperkalemia can present a bradycardia junctional rhythm. Although the increasing serum potassium levels were low, hyperkalemia may have affected the conduction system leading to the ECG changes.Keywords: Â hyperkalemia, junctional bradycardia, symptomatic bradycardi
Korelasi Glukosa Kapiler Metode Glucose Dehidrogenase-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Dengan Glukosa Serum Metode Heksokinase
Full text linkRapid and accurate measurement of capillary glucose level using point-of-care testing (POCT) is needed to maintain the patient’s normoglycemic status in obtaining adequate management. The glucose POCT method should be evaluated to determine analytical performance by comparing with the hexokinase method as a reference method to provide accurate and reliable results. Objectives: To determined the correlation between capillary glucose using glucose dehydrogenase-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (GDH-NAD)  and serum glucose hexokinase methods. Methods:  This analytic cross-sectional study on 42 outpatients who underwent fasting blood glucose examination at Dr. M Djamil Padang General Hospital. This study was conducted from February until September 2020. Capillary fasting blood glucose was measured using glucose POCT GDH-NAD method and serum glucose with hexokinase method. The Spearman correlation test was used to analyze data, significant if p<0.05. Results: The subjects were 28 male (66.7%),14 female (33.3%) with mean age and hematocrit level was 56.12±12.97 years and 40.90±2.42%, respectively. The median capillary glucose GDH-NAD method and serum glucose hexokinase method were 100.00 mg/dL each, with a median difference was 3.00 mg/dL. Spearman correlation test showed very strong positive correlation and statistically significant (r=0,961;p=<0,001). Conclusion: Capillary glucose GDH-NAD method had a very strong positive correlation with serum glucose hexokinase method.Keywords:  hexokinase, fasting glucose level, GDH-NAD, glucose POC
Pengaruh Pemberian Minuman Vitamin C dengan VO2 Max, Pemulihan Denyut Nadi, dan Masa Pemulihan
Full text linkVitamin C, as one of the antioxidants in energy drinks, plays an essential role in physical endurance. Modified Harvard step test is a cardiac endurance test to assess cardiac fitness based on VO2 max, heart rate recovery, and recovery period. Objectives: assessed the relationship between giving vitamin C before exercising with heart-lung fitness in the form of VO2 max, recovery of pulse rate, and recovery period. Methods: The design of this study was a pretest-posttest study with a control group of 40 male students aged 18-22 years old. One week before administrating vitamin C, the VO2 max of all subjects was measured using the modified Harvard step test. The subjects were divided into two groups, the vitamin C group, which had vitamin C drinks prior to the step test and the control group only had plain water. Results: There was no significant difference in VO2max, Heart Rate Recovery (HRR) 1 minute, HRR 2 minute, and recovery time before and after consuming vitamin C between groups with p value = 0.090, 0.181, 0.211, and 0.95, respectively (p > 0.05). This study showed that there was no difference in VO2 max before and after vitamin C consumption. Conclusion: Vitamin C drinks consumption before the step test cannot increase the VO2 max, heart rate recovery, and recovery time.Keywords: Â heart rate recovery, recovery time, vitamin C, VO2 ma
Ekspresi Protein Sitoplasmik SOCs2 pada Adenokarsinoma Kolorektal: Studi Imunohistokimia
Full text link Inflammatory cytokines have a role in triggering cell signals in colorectal cancer. They increase signaling pathways into cells via the Janus kinase pathway (JAK) - signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) -suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCs) JAK-STAT. SOCs2 protein is a cytoplasmic protein that can inhibit activation of JAK-STAT pathway so that it prevents cascade of signals into the nucleus. This protein is thought to have decreased in adenocarcinoma colorectal. Objectives: To reveal the expression of SOCs2 protein in 37 paraffin block samples in Anatomy Pathology Department Medical Faculty Andalas University. Methods: Data were taken from medical records and histopathology was assessed by HE. SOCs2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using SOCs2 polyclonal antibody (bs-1896R). Cytoplasmic expression was counted using Image J software. Results: The average of age was 56.57 years, 21 samples (55.8%) were male, depth of invasion was mostly in the tunica muscularis (T3), and 7 cases of malignancy (18.9%) were poorly differentiated. SOCs2 expression was 5 cases (13.5%).   Conclusion: There was SOCs2 expression in a small proportion of colorectal adenocarcinoma.Keywords:  SOCs2 protein, cytoplasmic inhibitor, JAK-STAT, cell signalin
Karakteristik Klinis Glaukoma Uveitis di Pusat Mata Nasional Rumah Sakit Cicendo Bandung Tahun 2021-2022
Full text linkUveitic glaucoma is a complication of uveitis that can occur due to severe intraocular inflammation. Objective: To determined the clinical characteristics of uveitic glaucoma based on clinical features and management at the Cicendo Hospital National Eye Center from 2021 until 2022. Methods: This study used a retrospective descriptive method and a cross-sectional design with secondary data as subjects in the form of electronic medical records of patients at the National Eye Center Cicendo Hospital Bandung who had a diagnosis of uveitic glaucoma in the period January 2021 until December 2022. Results: 162 patients (228 eyes) met the inclusion criteria. Most of the patients were women, with a percentage of 66%. Anterior uveitis (44.3%) was the most common type of uveitis. The mean IOP at the initial visit was 30.1 mmHg. One hundred fourteen eyes (50%) were below 3/60 visual acuity. Infection (41.4%) was the most common cause of uveitis. A total of 107 eyes (46,9%) underwent surgery. There was a decrease in the average IOP in each follow-up period. Conclusions: Glaucoma uveitis is commonly found in women with an average age of 48.6 years. Anterior uveitis with an infectious cause is the most common type and cause of uveitis. The most common surgery is a combination of trabeculectomy, lens extraction, and IOL implantation.Keywords: Â management of glaucoma, Â secondary glaucoma, uveitic glaucom
Faktor Risiko Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Gaming Disorder pada Remaja
Full text linkGaming disorder is often found among children and adolescents. This disorder of self-control over games that cause addiction is defined by WHO as a behavioral disorder. Risk factors for gaming disorder come from internal factors and external factors. One of the significant external risk factors is parents' parenting style towards their children. Objective: To explored and analyze external risk factors for gaming disorders in adolescents related to parental parenting patterns. Methods: The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach using purposive and in-depth interview techniques. There were 12 informants, 8 of whom were primary informants and 4 of whom were key informants. The main informant was an adolescent mobile legends game player in Surabaya who was diagnosed with gaming disorder based on the results of a preliminary study using the gaming disorder instrument from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Results: parenting patterns at risk are parenting patterns that pamper children, parenting patterns that lack control over parents, and parenting patterns that are indifferent and harsh.Conclusion: Ineffective parenting has an impact on teenagers' self-control, which has the potential to cause teenagers to fall into gaming addiction or gaming disorder.Keywords: Â adolescents, gaming disorder, parenting styl