Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas
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Karakteristik Analisis LCS Meningoensefalitis Anak di RSUD Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Tahun 2019-2022
Full text linkMeningoencephalitis is a pathological state characterized by concurrent inflammation of the meninges and the brain parenchyma. Liquor Cerebrospinal analysis (LCS) can help establish a diagnosis of diseases affecting the central nervous system, including meningoencephalitis. Objective: To identified the attributes of meningoencephalitis LCS analysis in pediatric patients at RSUD Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda from 2019 until 2022. Methods: This study employs a descriptive research design to delineate the features of the LCS analysis. The data utilized in this study was acquired from the medical records of individuals who had experienced meningoencephalitis during their childhood and obtained as many as 39 patient data samples. Results: The findings revealed that most cases were observed in children aged 0-1 years (38.5%), with a higher incidence in males (59.0%). The LCS analysis parameters indicated that lymphocytic pleocytosis was the most common (76.9%), while clear  LCS was observed in 82.1%. The leukocyte count was within the normal range of 56.4%, and the polymorphonuclear ratio was negative (79.5%). The protein levels increased by 56.4%, while the glucose levels were within the normal range (59.0%). Conclusion: There is an increase in LCS  protein levels, which indicates inflammation.Keywords: LCS  analysis, LCS parameters, meningoencephaliti
Peran Probiotik dalam Regulasi Kolagen dan Melanin: Systematic Review
Full text linkCollagen and melanin production are two biological processes that are significant in determining the health and appearance of the skin. Collagen affects the elasticity, hydration, and overall appearance of the skin. Melanin protects the skin from damage caused by ultraviolet rays, but excessive production can lead to hyperpigmentation. Hyperpigmentation, dry skin, and wrinkles are signs of premature aging and can be caused by oxidative stress due to exposure to UV rays (photoaging). Probiotics are living microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed in sufficient amounts and are currently gaining more and more attention as potential agents for skin health. This article reviews the role of probiotics in inhibiting melanogenesis through inhibition of tyrosinase cell activity and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression. Probiotics can slow down collagen degradation due to sunlight by inhibiting the Metalloproteinase Matrix (MMP) activity and improve the skin's barrier function, reduce inflammation, and support a healthy skin microbiota. Recent studies show that the use of probiotics, both oral and topical, offers a natural and multifunctional approach to skin care. In conclusion, probiotics have promising potential as an ingredient for skincare, but more research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and ensure their safety and effectiveness in clinical applications.
Keywords: hyperpigmentation, melanogenesis, photoaging, probiotic
Tuberkulosis Kutis Verukosa: Laporan Kasus yang tidak Terdiagnosis Selama 20 Tahun
Full text linkCutaneous tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One form of cutaneous tuberculosis that is rare and often difficult to diagnose is Verrucous Cutaneous Tuberculosis (VCTB). This case report aims to describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of VCTB in a delayed patient receiving appropriate therapy. It has been reported a 32-year-old man presented with a painful verrucous rash and yellowish discharge on his left thigh that has lasted for 20 years. The patient had a history of trauma at the lesion site and had received topical and oral therapy, but did not show satisfactory results. Physical examination and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of VCTB. The patient was treated with antituberculosis drugs for six months and experienced significant clinical improvement. VCTB is often challenging to diagnose because of its non-specific clinical manifestations and similarity to other skin diseases. Delay in diagnosis and therapy may worsen the prognosis and increase the risk of complications. The VCTB diagnosis is based on a combination of history, physical examination, histopathological examination, and other supporting tests. Treatment for VCTB is the same as pulmonary tuberculosis, namely with antituberculosis drugs for six months. VCTB needs to be considered in diagnosis because many clinical verrucous rashes resemble this disease, especially in patients with a history of trauma and inadequate response to therapy.
Keywords: antituberculosis, rash, verrucous cutaneous tuberculosi
Hubungan Status Imunisasi dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Andalas Kota Padang
Full text linkStunting is a linear growth failure caused by chronic malnutrition and recurrent infections that mainly occur in the first 1000 days of life. Infectious diseases can be prevented by providing immunizations. Immunization is one way to increase one's immunity against disease exposure actively. Objective: To determined the relation of immunization status with the incidence of stunting in children. Methods: Analytical research with a case-control design on 98 under-five children in the working area of Andalas Health Center was conducted from June to November 2024. Sampling was done by simple random sampling. Anthropometry was measured using body length or height measurements according to standards and data were collected by questionnaire. The data analysis used was Chi-square. Results: The incidence of stunting in the working area of Andalas Health Center was mainly (89.8%) experienced by children aged 24 - 59 months and more than half (59.2%) were female and most (81.6%) had an incomplete basic immunization status. The study also found that more than half (59.2%) of mothers' education in stunted children was high school and most (81.6%) occurred in mothers who did not work. There is a statistically significant relation between immunization status and the incidence of stunting in children, with p = 0.027 (p value <0.05) and OR value = 3.065. Conclusion: This means that under-five children who do not have complete basic immunization status have a 3.065 times higher chance of stunting than under-five children with complete basic immunization status.
Keywords: immunization status, under-five children, stuntin
Perbedaan Derajat Adhesi Peritendinous Setelah Pemberian Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Terhadap Penyembuhan Ruptur Tendon Achilles Tikus Wistar
Full text linkPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been identified as a potential agent to enhance the tendon healing process and prevent complications such as adhesion and tendon displacement after surgery. Objective: To determined the difference in the degree of peritendinous adhesion after administration of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the healing of Achilles tendon rupture in Wistar rats. Methods: This study used a post-test only control group experimental design. Tendons in the control group were treated without PRP, while the treatment group received PRP before care. After one week, the degree of peritendinous adhesion was evaluated microscopically using the Tang scoring system. Results: The mean degree of adhesion in the control group was 3.38, and in the treatment group it was 3.83. The independent t-test yielded a non-significant value of 0.411 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the degree of peritendinous adhesion in Achilles tendon rupture healing of Wistar rats between the group given PRP and the group not given PRP.
Keywords: peritendinous adhesion, PRP, tendon rupture, Tang scor
Perbandingan Efektifitas Metilprednisolon Intravena dengan Oral pada Kasus Grave Ophthalmopathy di RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang
Full text linkGrave's Ophthalmopathy can occur in three phases depending on the inflammatory process. Immunosuppressant therapy is an anti-inflammatory option for managing the active phase of GO. A study showed a significant improvement in GO proptosis in patients treated with methylprednisolone. Objective: To determined the frequency of proptosis in Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) patients and the differential effect of oral or intravenous steroid administration. Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study through medical record data from March 2023 to March 2024. The subjects are all inpatients with thyroid eye disease in Dr M Djamil General Hospital, Padang. T-tests were performed to determine each group's different perceptions. Results: Thirty-six subjects with Grave’s ophthalmopathy. The effect size of the changes in Hertel values in patients given both oral and intravenous corticosteroid therapy is significant in both eyes. The effect size of the oral therapy is significant, with 0.341 in the right eyes and 0.303 in the left eyes. The intravenous therapy is also significant, with the effect size 0.347 in the right and 0.271 in the left. The change of Hertel value in patients given both oral and intravenous corticosteroid therapy is significant in the right eyes (p = 0.009 and p = 0.008). Conclusion: Oral and injectable corticosteroids have similar effectiveness, thus providing flexibility in therapy selection for patients with thyroid eye disease.
Keywords: Grave ophthalmopathy, intravenous methylprednisolone, oral methylprednisolon
Prevalence of Exogenous Okronosis Due to the Use of Whitening Cream Containing Hydroquinone from January 2014 - January 2019
No full textOkronosis eksogen merupakan salah satu penyakit kulit dengan gambaran deposisi pigmen kebiruan pada wajah yang disebabkan oleh penggunaan hidrokuinon dalam krim pemutih topical yang terjadi dalam waktu yang cukup lama. Tujuan: Memperoleh data prevalensi penderita okronosis eksogen. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional yang menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medis pasien. Sampel penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 88 pasien yang didiagnosis okronosis eksogen di satu rumah sakit dan dua klinik kesehatan dan kecantikan kulit dengan jumlah empat dokter spesialis kulit dan kelamin yang mendiagnosis okronosis eksogen pada periode Januari 2014 sampai Januari 2019. Hasil:Â Sebagian besar pasien adalah wanita yaitu dari 88 orang dengan jumlah penderita 81 orang (92,04%) dan laki-laki 7 orang (7,95%). Kelompok umur terbanyak didapatkan pada usia 40-49 tahun sebanyak 43 orang (48,8%) dan diikuti antara 30-39 tahun sebanyak 20 orang (22,7%) penderita. Simpulan: Pasien paling banyak ditemukan berjenis kelamin perempuan dengan rentang usia tertinggi antara dekade ketiga dan keempat.Kata kunci: hidrokuinon, krim pemutih, okronosis eksoge
Tumor Testis Methachronous Bilateral Dengan Histopathology Berbeda
Full text linkKanker testis adalah keganasan padat paling umum pada pria antara usia 15 hingga 35 tahun dan insidensinya telah meningkat secara signifikan selama dua dekade terakhir. Tumor sel germinal adalah jenis kanker testis yang paling umum terjadi. Namun, tumor testis kurang umum di Asia dibandingkan dengan negara-negara barat, kejadiannya sangat rendah yaitu 0,4 per 100.000 populasi. Mereka selanjutnya diklasifikasikan sebagai seminoma dan non-seminoma. 40% dari semua tumor sel germinal adalah seminoma. Pasien dengan kanker testis unilateral adalah 500 - 1.000 kali lebih mungkin untuk mengembangkan karsinoma testis di testis kontralateral. Tumor sel germinal testis bilateral adalah entitas yang sangat langka, dan insidensinya berkisar dari 1% hingga 5% seperti yang diterbitkan sebelumnya dalam seri besar. Mereka terjadi secara metakron pada 80- 85% kasus dan serempak pada 15-20% kasus. Kami menyajikan kasus tumor testis methachronous bilateral dengan histopatologi yang berbeda pada pria berusia 29 tahun dengan hasil hystopatologycal adalah skrotum seminoma kiri, dan skrotum kanan adalah tumor kantung kuning telur. Kata kunci: Tumor testis, tumor testis methacronous bilateral, histologi berbed
Analisis Hubungan Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (Sofa) Score Dengan Mortalitas Pasien Sepsis
Full text linkSepsis merupakan kondisi disfungsi organ mengancam nyawa yang diakibatkan oleh disregulasi sistem imun pejamu terhadap infeksi dan Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score merupakan suatu skoring untuk menilai kegagalan organ terkait sepsis. Peningkatan SOFA score diasosiasikan dengan outcome pasien yang lebih buruk. Tujuan: Menganalisis korelasi SOFA score dengan mortalitas pada pasien sepsis. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah kohort prospektif yang dilakukan di RSU Dr Saiful Anwar dari Maret 2018 hingga Juni 2019. Kriteria diagnosis sepsis ditegakkan berdasarkan The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). Perhitungan SOFA score dilakukan dalam 2 hari pertama perawatan pasien sepsis di rumah sakit. Analisis data dilakukan pada p < 0,05. Hasil: Didapatkan 85 pasien sepsis dengan luaran meninggal sebanyak 72,94% sedangkan 28,06% membaik. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara SOFA score yang meninggal dan yang hidup (p=0,015).  SOFA score dipakai untuk memprediksi kematian, didapatkan area under the curve (AUC) 0,74 (p=0,009), dengan cut off point optimum 7. Pada total SOFA score lebih tinggi dari sama dengan 7, didapatkan RR= 3.8, p=0.028. SOFA score merupakan parameter untuk menilai kegagalan organ pada pasien sepsis, dimana total SOFA score yang lebih tinggi dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko kematian. Simpulan: SOFA score pada kelompok yang meninggal lebih tinggi daripada yang sembuh. Pasien sepsis dengan SOFA score lebih besar sama dengan 7 memiliki risiko 3,8 kali lebih besar untuk meninggal.Kata kunci: risiko kematian, sepsis, SOFA scor
Mixed Medullary and Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma (MMFTC)
Full text linkMixed medullary and follicular thyroid carcinoma (MMFTC) merupakan suatu kasus keganasan tiroid yang jarang terjadi. Tumor ini menunjukkan sel tumor yang berasal dari dua populasi sel yaitu sel folikuler dan parafolikuler. Dilaporkan kasus MMFTC pada seorang pasien wanita usia 45 tahun yang datang dengan keluhan bengkak pada leher sejak tiga tahun lalu yang membesar dengan cepat dalam dua bulan, kemudian dilakukan tiroidektomi total. Pemeriksaan histopatologi menunjukkan tumor tersusun membentuk fasikulus terdiri atas proliferasi sel dengan inti bulat sampai spindel, kromatin kasar, nukleoli nyata dan adanya pseudoinklusi inti. Stroma mengandung massa amorf warna merah muda (amiloid) yang terpulas positif dengan Congo red. Tampak pula proliferasi sel-sel epitel folikel dengan inti bulat-oval, terang, adanya ground glass appearance, dan nuclear groove. Sel-sel ini tersusun membentuk struktur folikuler, yang sebagian bercampur di antara sel-sel dengan inti bulat sampai spindel. Pemeriksaan imunohistokimia tiroglobulin menunjukkan pulasan positif kuat pada sitoplasma sel tumor folikel tiroid. Perilaku tumor ini belum diketahui dengan baik karena insiden yang sedikit, namun diperkirakan tumor ini bersifat lebih agresif daripada karsinoma tiroid yang berdiferensiasi.Kata kunci: medullary, MMFTC, tiroi