Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas
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Pengaruh Ekstrak Pegagan (Centella Asiatica (L.) Terhadap Profil Darah dan Hepar Pada Tikus Putih yang Diinduksi Asap Rokok
Full text linkPegagan mengandung beberapa komponen beraktivitas biologis yang sangat bermanfaat salah satunya berkasiat sebagai hepatoprotektor yaitu melindungi sel hati dari berbagai kerusakan akibat racun dan zat berbahaya seperti asap rokok. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh ekstrak Pegagan (Centella Asiatica) terhadap profil darah dan hepar pada tikus yang diinduksi asap rokok. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah true eksperiment dengan desain post test only control group design. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 5 ekor tiap kelompok dengan 5 perlakuan sehingga total sampel 25 ekor tikus. Analisa data menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, One way ANOVA, dan post hoct test. Hasil: Pemberian ekstrak pegagan dengan dosis terapi sebesar 250 mg/kgbb, 500 mg/kgbb, dan 1000 mg/kgbb terhadap tikus putih yang diinduksi asap rokok selama 7 minggu tidak menunjukkan perbedaan profil darah secara keseluruhan, hanya nilai limfosit dan trombosit yang menunjukkan hasil signifikan (p< 0,05). Pemberian ekstrak pegagan pada profil hepar (SGPT & SGOT) tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan (p>0,05). Simpulan: Ekstrak pegagan berpengaruh terhadap profil darah (limfosit dan trombosit).Kata kunci: asap rokok, ekstrak pegagan, profil darah, profil hepa
Perbandingan Kadar CD4 dan Total Lymphocyte Count dengan Kombinasi Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy pada pasien HIV/AIDS di RSUP Dr.Kariadi Semarang
Full text linkTujuan: Membuktikan perbedaan jenis pemberian kombinasi Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy dengan perubahan kadar CD4 dan Total Lymphocyte Count pada pasien HIV/AIDS di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat analitik yang dilakukan dengan rancangan studi potong lintang. Sampel diambil secara total sampling, yaitu seluruh pasien HIV/ AIDS yang berobat di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang selama 2018 sampai 2019 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan mendapat pengobatan salah satu dari kombinasi Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). Keenam jenis kombinasi HAART tersebut adalah kombinasi I (Efavirens+ Lamivudin+ Tenofovir), II (Evafirenz+ Lamivudin+Zidovudin), III(Nevirapine+ Lamivudin+ Tenofovir), IV (Lamivudine+Zidovudine+Nevirapine), V (Lamivudine+Tenofovir+Rilvipirine), VI (Tenofovir+ Rilvipirine+ Emtricitabine). Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis pasien dan dianalisis dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil:  Dari  89 pasien, didapatkan keenam kombinasi HAART tersebut memberikan efikasi yang baik berdasarkan kenaikan jumlah CD4 dan TLC rerata. Ada perbedaan kenaikan CD4 rerata yang bermakna pada pasien HIV/AIDS antara yang mendapat obat HAART kombinasi I (p = 0,038), II (p = 0,034), IV (p = 0,001), V (p = 0,040), VI (p = 0,006). Pada Total Lymphocyte Count (TLC) didapatkan perbedaan kenaikan rerata (p< 0,05) pada semua kombinasi HAART. Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan jenis pemberian kombinasi Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy dengan perubahan kadar CD4 dan Total Lymphocyte Count (p> 0,05) pada pasien HIV / AIDS di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang.Kata kunci: CD4, highly active antiretroviral therapy, ODHA, total lymphocyte coun
Perubahan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi COVID-19 pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta
Full text linkNovel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a virus that causes respiratory disease COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019). COVID-19 can be transmitted through droplets when someone coughs or sneezes. Clean and healthy behavior is one way that can be done to prevent transmission of COVID-19. Objectives: To determined changes in clean and healthy behavior before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in 135 medical students of Muhammadiyah Jakarta University class of 2020. Methods: Data was collected by online questionnaire. The sampling technique was total sampling. Statistical tests were performed by using paired sample t-test. Results: There were changes in clean and healthy behavior before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion:Â Clean and healthy behavior was better during the COVID-19 pandemic among respondents.Keywords: Â COVID-19, clean and healthy behavior, questionnair
Gambaran Pemeriksaan Kadar SGOT, SGPT, Ureum dan Kreatinin Pasien Covid-19 dengan dan tanpa Komorbid
Full text linkCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) causes damage through mechanisms: cytotoxic to the bile duct, liver and renal tubular epithelial cells; severe inflammatory response due to excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines (cytokine storm); tissue anoxia; and drug-induced liver and kidney damage. AST and ALT enzymes are used to determine liver damage, while kidney damage is examined from increased urea and creatinine levels. Objectives: To know AST, ALT, urea and creatinine levels in COVID-19 patients with and without comorbidity in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted by taking chemical data for COVID-19 patients with and without comorbidity for March-August 2020. AST and ALT levels were examined by using an automatic chemistry analyzer with NADH method (without P-5'-P), urea with enzymatic colorimetry, and creatinine with Jaffe's modification. The data was presented in table and average (standard deviation). Results: Â A study of 76 patients found 28 with comorbidity and 48 without comorbidity. Patients with comorbidity AST in average was 33.0 (20.3) U/l; SGPT 29.0 (23.4) U/l; urea 58.3 (66.9) mg/dl; and creatinine 3.0 (5.1) mg/dl. Patients without comorbidity AST in average 31.9 (28.7) mg/dl; SGPT 28.8 (21.4) mg/dl; urea 24.6 (20.1) mg/dl; creatinine 0.9 (0.4) mg/dl. In average, AST and ALT in patients with and without comorbidity were in the normal range. Urea and creatinine in patients with comorbidity were higher than normal. Conclusion: Covid-19 patients with comorbidity at admission had urea and creatinine levels in average higher than normal values.Keywords: aminotransaminase, COVID-19, creatinin
Sakit Kepala pada Variasi Anatomi Hidung dan Sinus Paranasal
Full text linkThe anatomical variations of the nasal and sinus paranasal can cause headaches. The most common variants have deviated septum, concha bullosa, and agger nasi cells. These variations can cause narrowing of the osteomeatal complex. Computed tomography was the primary modality for evaluating anatomical variations of the nasal and paranasal sinuses in diagnosis and management. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was generally performed to restore the sinuses' drainage and ventilation in anatomical variations. It has been reported a 45-year-old woman with a congested left nostril and headache that has gotten worse since 2 months ago and computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses show thickening of the bilateral maxillary sinus mucosa, bilateral anterior ethmoid, left septum deviation, concha bullous, and right inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Functional Endoscopy Sinus Surgery was performed, found anatomical variations namely, deviation septum, concha bullosa, agger nasi cells and supra agger cells. The operation gave satisfactory results. Correct evaluation of anatomical variations based on history, physical examination and investigations can assist in patient management and avoid errors during surgery. The operation gave a satisfactory result for managing symptoms on patient with anatomical variation of nasal and paranasal sinuses when compared with medicamentosa.Keywords: anatomical variations, agger nasi cells , concha bullosa, deviated septum, headache, supra agger cel
Perbandingan Jumlah Trombosit pada Pasien COVID-19 dengan Kadar Glukosa yang Berbeda
Full text linkHyperglycemia has increased arachidonic acid thromboxane which is an effective ingredient in platelet activation. Thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 patients occurs through a variety of mechanisms, such as uncontrolled production of cytokines destroying bone marrow progenitor cells, direct inhibition of hematopoiesis viral infection of the bone marrow, increase in autoantibodies and immune complexes that cause platelet destruction, and lung injury that causes platelet aggregation and consumption of platelets so that platelets in the circulation are reduced. Objectives: To analyzed the ratio of platelet counts in COVID-19-positive patients who had different blood glucose levels. Methods: This research used secondary data, with types of analytical observational research as well as comparative study approaches. Statistical tests were conducted using an independent samples t-test with a confidence level of 95%. Results: The average platelet count was normal, but a low platelet count of 3.30% was obtained with normal blood glucose levels and a high platelet count of 2.20% with normal blood glucose levels, with a significance value of platelet count with normal blood glucose levels of 0.790 and platelet counts with blood glucose levels above normal which is 0.791 with a confidence level of 95%. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the platelet count in COVID-19 patients with normal and above normal blood glucose levelsKeywords: blood glucose, platelets, COVID-1
Efektivitas Penggunaan Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) dalam Proses Penyembuhan Tulang pada Model Hewan Coba: Systematic Review
Full text linkBone injury causes thus, reduced productivity and death in the sufferer. Alternative treatment research was developed to speed up the bone healing process, including autologous treatments such as Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP). Objective: To assessed the effectiveness of PRP use in the bone healing process on studies with experimental animal models. Methods: This study was a systematic review research whose article searches through the databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect and ProQuest on English-language articles published from 2012-2022. The keywords used were ((bone healing OR fracture healing OR bone defect) AND (platelet rich plasma OR prp) AND (animal models)). Results: PRP was effective in accelerating bone regeneration in every experimental animal model in the early phases of healing, but not all studies have significant differences between groups that used PRP and those who did not. Conclusion: PRP has a positive impact in increasing bone mineral density, but the effectiveness of using PRP may vary from study result to study result, depending on the characteristics of the experimental animal model used in the study and the accuracy of concentration in the administration of PRP.Keywords:Â animal models, bone healing, platelet-rich plasm
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Ketahanan Kardiorespirasi pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Universitas Mulawarman
Full text linkCardiorespiratory endurance is the ability of the body's circulatory and respiratory system to meet the oxygen needs of the muscles as a source of energy production during sustained physical activity. One of the factors that influenced the level of cardiorespiratory endurance of a person was physical activity. Objective: To determined the relationship between physical activity and cardiorespiratory endurance. Methods: It was an analytic observational with a cross-sectional study. Data were taken from primary data that were measured directly on 97 students of the Medical Study Program at Mulawarman University who were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The data collected included physical activity using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) and cardiorespiratory endurance using Queen's College Step Test. The statistical analysis used was Spearman's correlation test with a significance value of p <0.05. Results: The statistical test showed that the relationship between physical activity and cardiorespiratory endurance was p = 0.003 and r = 0.295. Conclusion: There was a significant positive relationship between physical activity and cardiorespiratory endurance, and the relationship's strength was weak.Keywords:  cardiorespiratory endurance, global physical activity questionnaire, physical activity, queen’s college step tes
Efektivitas Hboost (Hb Booster) terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mantrijeron Kota Yogyakarta
Full text linkHboost  is an innovative hemoglobin booster that accompanies blood-boosting tablets that can help optimize and reduce the side effects of blood-boosting tablets. Objective: To determined the effect of giving Hboost in helping to increase hemoglobin levels during pregnancy in the working area of the Mantrijeron Health Center, Yogyakarta City. Methods: A Quasi-Experimental Design with plans Pretest-Posttest with a Control Group design. The population of this research study was all pregnant women in the working area of the Mantrijeron Health Center, Yogyakarta City. The sampling technique used Purposive Sampling to get a total sample of 30 respondents. Data analysis using analysis independent sample t-test. Results: The average hemoglobin level increase in the experimental group Hboost + iron tablets is 1.693 gr/dL. In comparison, the average hemoglobin level increase in the control group of iron tablets is only  0.520 gr/dL. Based on that data, it was found that the average of hemoglobin level increase in the experimental group was higher at 1.173 gr/dL than in the control group. Conclusion: Hboost (Hb Booster) effectively complements blood supplement tablets in increasing hemoglobin levels during pregnancy in the working area of the Mantrijeron Health Center, Yogyakarta City.Keywords:  anemia, blood supplement tablets, Hboost, hemoglobin levels, pregnant wome
Prevalence of Commorbid Lung Tuberculosis Diabetes Mellitus in Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Pontianak Hospital in 2019
Full text linkPulmonary tuberculosis (TB) can be made worse by a history of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), which can increase the risk of failure treatment, relapse, and longer duration of treatment.  Objective: To find out the prevalence of Pulmonary TB comorbid DM at Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie General Hospital Pontianak. Methods: This research was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis at the Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Hospital Pontianak from 1 January to December 31st, 2019. Data collection was carried out by taking secondary data on patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB with a history of DM in outpatient and inpatient installations at Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie General Hospital Pontianak.Results: There were 1311 pulmonary TB patients in Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie General Hospital Pontianak in 2019; pulmonary TB patients with a history of DM as many as 98 patients obtained from 73 outpatient installations and inpatients hospitalized as many as 25 patients. The results showed that the prevalence of pulmonary TB comorbid DM was 7.47%. Conclusion: The prevalence of pulmonary TB comorbid DM in RSUD Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Pontianak is relatively low.Keywords:  ages, diabetes  mellitus, pulmonary T