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Facile fabrication and characterization of Sm3+ doped LaAlO3 nanophosphors for enhanced luminescence and photocatalytic dye degradation
No full textUtilizing the solution combustion synthesis approach, LaAlO3: Sm3+ (1–9 mol %) nanoparticles (NPs) were
created. Several analytical methods, including PXRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM, are used to do the structural study. It
is discovered that the band gap lies between 4.9 and 5.3 eV. The optical properties of the synthesized NPs are
investigated by analyzing photoluminescence spectra. At 850 ◦C, calcination yields a pure rhombohedral phase.
SEM pictures of the nanoparticles show the agglomerated porous structure. The PL spectra show Sm3+ ions’
distinctive emission peaks to 6HJ = 9/2, 7/2, and 5/2 from 4G5/2 transitions with a yellowish orange shade under
the excitation wavelength of 406 nm and confirmed by the CIE coordinates. Additionally, photocatalytic dye
degradation of methylene blue dye is carried out using LaAlO3: Sm3+ (5 mol %) nanoparticles. In 180 min of
short duration, under UV light, the % degradation of methylene blue dye is 99 %, and under sunlight 91 %.
Notably, the dye degradation remained efficient (up to 85 %) in the presence of multiple cations. Regenerative
and reusability studies further confirmed the material’s robust photocatalytic activity. These materials are
promising candidates for the production of photoluminescence liquid crystal displays, field emission displays,
and other optical devices, along with these nanoparticles can be used as an efficient photocatalyst for pollutant
water treatment
The Needs of Geographical Indications Regulation: A Missed Opportunity in Afghanistan
No full textGeographical indications (GIs) are distinct markers used to denote the origins of products from specific geographic regions, showcasing unique characteristics, reputation, or inherent qualities closely tied to that particular origin. Afghanistan has the privilege of a unique geographical location to produce certain geo-climatic agricultural commodities such as fruits, including pomegranates, apples, almonds, saffron and handicrafts, all of which are known for their top-notch quality. Nevertheless, this reputation is being undermined as these products are exported without proper geographical indications and are consequently undervalued in the international market. To rectify this, this paper advocates for the enforcement of a comprehensive 'GI Law' in order to establish a robust legal framework and strategies for the protection and promotion of Afghan products, enhance market competitiveness, and contribute to regional economic development. Thus, the study employs a doctrinaire method to examine the provision of legal documents and analysis of international treaties for a better understanding of various commercial exploitation of GI
Personality traits and their correlation with behavior in the bonnet macaque (Macaca radiata) in southern India
No full textThe purpose of our research was to identify the primary personality traits of bonnet macaques using an observer-based questionnaire and to assess the accuracy of this method in predicting behavior. Additionally, we examined the relationship between personality traits and variables such as sex, age, and rank. We rated 25 males and 38 females on 50 personality questionnaire items using a 7-point scale, with reliable ratings and good agreement among raters (the lowest of the calculated ICC (3:k) index ≥ 0.62). Behavioral observations of 38 females over two-years were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis revealed five traits: Friendliness, Aggression, Playfulness, Fearfulness, and Opportunism. Every trait correlated with a certain number of observed behaviors. Our results suggest that the questionnaire-based method is sufficiently valid as it confirmed high behavioral convergence with Fearfulness, Playfulness and Aggressiveness. Further studies are needed to understand the functional value of behaviors associated with Friendliness and Opportunism. Our study confirmed a tolerant social style of bonnet macaques, characterized by similar Aggression levels in both males and females, and lack of difference in Aggression level between subadult and adult males. Moreover, we identified a species-characteristic trait Opportunism which, unlike in other studied macaques, did not involve aggression-related characteristics
Navigating the Intricacies of Fair Use, Disclaimers, and Copyright in the Film Industry
Get PDFFilmmakers and audiences alike exhibit a profound fascination with narratives rooted in reality, particularly those involving real individuals. Biographical films, or biopics, cater to this inherent curiosity. However, the depiction of actual lives inevitably invites the specter of defamation. Consequently, the film certification authority mandates that creators of biopics incorporate disclaimers, ostensibly to mitigate legal repercussions and prevent the "hurt of sentiments." While these disclaimers serve a valid function in demarcating fact from fiction, their potential exploitation to circumvent legal liabilities or suppress dissent raises alarming concerns. The case of "The Dirty Picture" exemplifies such misuse, wherein the filmmakers strategically employ disclaimers to insulate themselves from legal scrutiny and silence critical voices. This scenario underscores an urgent need for transparency, accountability, and equitable treatment within the certification framework, ensuring that disclaimers are not weaponized to distort narratives or evade responsibility. This study adopts a doctrinal research methodology, drawing upon both primary and secondary sources, particularly critiques of "The Dirty Picture." It scrutinizes the filmmakers' assertions denying the film's status as a biopic of Silk Smitha, despite evident parallels to her life, thus provoking inquiries into the filmmakers' intentions and the potential for disclaimers to serve as a shield against accountability
Analyzing Intrinsic Molecular Dynamics in Alkyl Azoxybenzene Compounds using Functional Data Analysis for Intermolecular Potentials and the Odd-Even Effect
No full textComputational modeling has provided a comprehensive understanding of a series of liquid
crystalline materials. The findings were additionally compared to the experimental values reported for
certain compounds in the series. The research simulates various physical properties such as transition
temperature, order parameter, Van der Waals potential, pair energy, specific heat, and pair correlation
function. Examining these properties aims to comprehend the importance of carbon atoms and their
interactions, both within and between molecules, which ultimately contribute to the manifestation of
mesophase behavior. This study utilizes the molecular dynamics method as a means to explore the
liquid crystalline properties. The primary objective is to uncover the range and nature of the mesophase
exhibited by these compounds. The results obtained thus far strongly support this research direction,
and knowledge of these compounds finds applications in sensitive nucleic acid detection, label-free
protein analysis, and the development of biocompatible sensors for real-time cellular monitoring
Mitochondrial gene sequences for molecular identification of the freshwater jellyfish Limnocnida indica Annandale, 1912 (Hydrozoa: Limnomedusae: Olindiidae)
No full textThe current study is the first report on the molecular characteristics of the rarely occurring medusa
Limnocnida indica Annandale, 1912, a freshwater jellyfish. Its taxonomic description is based on morphological
characteristics that may change depending on the environmental conditions. The most fascinating feature of this species is its erratic, unpredictable appearance, which shares a similar morphology and appears at different times
and locations with a considerable interval between appearances. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether these appearances are the same species or not. The DNA marker of the species is one way to shed light on this uncertainty. To
this end, the sequences of the mitochondrial genes COX1, 16S rRNA, and 12S rRNA were analyzed, compared,
and reviewed with the sequences of other freshwater jellyfish to gain insight into the genetic diversity and evolutionary links of this organism. The COX1 gene had 660 bases with a GC content of 44.8%, the 16S rRNA gene
had 612 bases with a GC content of 40.7% and the 12S rRNA gene had 422 bases and a GC content of 38.2%.
The three genes under consideration have different nucleotide sequences compared to the other freshwater jellyfish investigated. The phylogenetic relationships inferred based on COX1 showed that the species L. indica has
divergence from its congeneric species, while the analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene revealed that L. indica
is related to the genus L. tanganjicae. In future research on the genetic diversity and species status of visually
similar freshwater jellyfish that naturally occur at different times and places in the Western Ghats of India, the
molecular data provided here on this species can be used as a relevant reference
Certain Subclasses of Bi-Univalent Functions Defined by (p,q)− Differential Operator
No full textThe attention of the current paper, is to discover a new subclass Mp,q(ζ,Ψ)
and Fp,q(δ,Ψ)
of bi-univalent functions in the open disc U
, using (p,q)−
differential operator. Furthermore, we perceive estimates on coefficients |x2|
and |x3|
for functions in the new subclass
Intellectual Property and Biotechnology: A Dual Driver of Agricultural Transformation
Get PDFThe integration of biotechnology into agriculture has introduced transformative innovations that hold promise for enhancing food security, improving crop yields, and
addressing the challenges posed by climate change. However, the intersection of IPR with biotechnology presents both opportunities and challenges, particularly in developing countries where access to advanced agricultural technologies remains limited. By analyzing the evolution of biotechnology, its applications in agriculture, and
the protection mechanisms under IPR frameworks, this paper delves into the implications of patents, trade secrets, copyrights, trademarks, and plant variety protections. It
highlights the opportunities provided by IPR in fostering innovation and technology transfer, while also addressing the barriers posed by restrictive patenting practices, high
costs, and unequal access to biotechnological advancements. Special attention is given to the role of genomics, bioinformatics, and R&D in agricultural biotechnology, as well as the legal and ethical considerations involved in balancing innovation with public good. The paper further explores how IPR regimes impact agricultural research, trade relationships, and the equitable distribution of biotechnological benefits. Ultimately, this study seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of how IPR can serve as both a driver and a constraint in shaping the future of agricultural biotechnology, especially in the context of sustainable development and global food security
A review on progress of thiazole derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents
No full textInflammation is a body response against infection that activates other biological components that include various cytokines, chemokines and other biological compounds that trigger body response against pathological activities. The Arachidonic acid pathway is involved in the inflammation that is connected with lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. The importance of the isoforms of LOX and COX in inflammation is well studied. At the cellular level, some of the thiazole derivatives showed potent anti-inflammatory activities especially to block LOX5 and COX2 in the inflammation. These factors include both acute and chronic inflammation in various tissues like the heart, kidney, pancreas, brain, intestine, lungs and other organs as well that lead to the damage of the organs or cells. Whether it's the infectious or non-infectious response it will further activate some of the downstream signaling pathways like lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase, cytochrome 450, JAK-STAT, MAPK, JNK, TNF-α, Nfr2, and many more pathways that lead to activation of another chronic disease in the body. In this review, we will concentrate on thiazole molecules that serve as anti-inflammatory responses to both acute and chronic inflammation. Further, we discussed the evidence that correlates the possible connection with LOX and COX enzymes in the inflammatory pathways and their blocking ability especially through thiazole derivatives has been discussed in this present review. The current assessment is the best part of the present consequence of thiazole derivatives on anti-inflammatory studies, covering articles published from 1973 to 2023