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Editio critica, traduzione e commento di Truc. 1-254/5. Appendix: Editio critica, traduzione e analisi di Truc. 256-321 e 669-698.
Full text linkIl lavoro di tesi consiste nell’edizione critica di una porzione di testo del Truculentus di Plauto (vv. 1-254/5), strutturata secondo le caratteristiche dell’Editio Plautina Sarsinatis. Si basa pertanto su un’indagine di prima mano sui manoscritti e sulle edizioni di Plauto, dalla princeps in poi, e si struttura in un apparato, rigidamente positivo, che tenga conto delle problematiche relative (1) al paratesto, (2) alla colometria dei cantica, (3) alle varianti testuali e congetture. All’edizione segue una proposta di traduzione e un commento filologico-stilistico sui versi presi in considerazione, spesso indispensabile per affrontare i passi più corrotti.
In appendice si è scelto poi di riservare spazio alle scene che vedono in azione il seruus truculentus (vv. 256-321 e 669-698), un personaggio in realtà del tutto secondario e poco rilevante ai fini della trama se non per il fatto che conferisce il titolo alla commedia. Di queste se ne fornisce l’edizione critica, una proposta di traduzione - finalizzata quanto più possibile a conservare l’ilarità dei Witze presenti - e un’analisi che evidenzi le caratteristiche del seruus, mettendone in discussione il nome
Ontological Foundations for Strategic Business Modeling: The Case of Value, Risk and Competition
Full text linkTo cope with increasingly dynamic and competitive markets, enterprises need carefully formulated strategies in order to improve their processes, develop sustainable business models and offer more attractive products and services to their customers. To help them make sense of this complex environment, enterprises resort to an array of strategic business analysis tools and techniques, such as SWOT and the Business Model Canvas. Most of the tools, however, are derived from informally defined social and economic concepts, which hinders their reuse by practitioners. In this thesis, we address this limitation by means of in-depth ontological analyses conducted under the principles of the Unified Foundational Ontology (UFO). In particular, we focus on the notions of value, risk and competition, as these are recurrently employed by many techniques and yet, still suffer conceptual and definitional shortcomings. One main contribution of this thesis is the Common Ontology of Value and Risk (COVER), a reference conceptual model that disentangle and clarifies several perspectives on value and risk, while demonstrating that they are ultimately two ends of the same spectrum. We demonstrate the usability and relevance of COVER by means of two applications in ArchiMate, an international standard for enterprise architecture representation. A second contribution is the Ontology of Competition, which formally characterizes competitive relationships and defines the nature of several competitive relationships arising in business markets
"Huon de Bordeaux" in alessandrini (ms. Paris, BnF, fr. 1451): edizione critica con glossario e note di commento
Full text linkLa tesi presenta una nuova edizione critica integrale di "Huon de Bordeaux" in alessandrini. Il lavoro è corredato di capitoli sulla lingua, la metrica, di note di commento, di un glossario e di indici dei nomi dei personaggi e dei luoghi citati nel testo
Strain-gradient effects in the discrete/continuum transition via homogenization
Full text linkA second-gradient elastic material has been identified as the equivalent homogeneous material of an hexagonal lattice made up of three different orders of linear elastic bars (hinged at each junction). In particular, the material equivalent to the lattice exhibits: (i.) non-locality, (ii.) non-centrosymmetry, and (iii.) anisotropy (even if the hexagonal geometry leads to isotropy at first-order). A Cauchy elastic equivalent solid is only recovered in the limit of vanishing length of the lattice’s bars. The identification of the second-gradient elastic material is complemented by analyses of positive definiteness and symmetry of the constitutive operators. Solutions of specific mechanical problems in which the lattice response is compared to the corresponding response of an equivalent boundary value problem for the homogeneous second-gradient elastic material are presented. These comparisons show the efficacy of the proposed identification procedure
Flexible functional split in the 5g radio access networks
No full textRecent developments in mobile networks towards the fifth generation (5G) communication technology have been mainly driven by an explosive increase in mobile traffic demand and
emerging vertical applications with their diverse Quality–of–Service (QoS) requirements, which current mobile networks are likely to fall short of satisfying. New technological cost–efficient solutions are, therefore, required to boost the network capacity and advance its capabilities in order to support the QoS requirements of, for example, enhanced mobile broadband services and the ones requiring ultra–reliable low latency communication. Network densification is known to be as one of the promising approaches aiming to increase the network capacity. This is achieved thanks to aggressive frequency reuse at small cells. Nonetheless, this entails performance degradation especially for cell–edge users due to a high Inter–cell Interference (ICI) level.
Cloud Radio Access Network (C–RAN) architecture has been proposed as an efficient way to address the aforementioned challenges, tackle some of the problems persistent in the present–day mobile networks (e.g., inefficient use of frequency bands, high power consumption) and, by employing virtualization techniques, facilitate the network management while paving a way for new business opportunities for mobile virtual network operators. The main idea behind C–RAN is to decouple the radio unit of a base station, referred as a Decentralized Unit (DU) from the baseband processing unit, referred as a Centralized Unit (CU) and virtualize the latter in a centralized location, referred as a CU pool. Then, by executing so–called "functional split" in the RAN protocol stack between the CU and the DU, identify the RAN functionalities that are to be performed at the DU and the CU pool. Depending on the selected functional split (i.e., the resource centralization level), the bandwidth and latency requirements vary in the fronthaul network, which is the one interconnecting the DU with the CU pool. This results in a different level of resource centralization benefits. Thus, an inherent trade–off exists between
resource centralization benefits and fronthaul requirements in the C–RAN architecture.
C–RAN, although provides numerous advantages, raises a series of challenges one of which, depending on the functional split option, is a huge fronthaul bandwidth requirement. Optical fiber, thanks to its high bandwidth and low latency characteristics, is perceived to be the most capable fronthauling option; nevertheless, it requires a huge investment. Fortunately, recent advancement in the MillimeterWave (mmWave) wireless technology allows for multi–Gbps transmission over the distance of one kilometer, therefore, making it a good candidate for the fronthaul network in an ultra–dense small cell deployment scenario.
In this doctoral dissertation, we first study the trade–offs between different functional splits, considering the mmWave technology in the fronthaul network. Specifically, we formulate and solve a Virtual Network Embedding (VNE) problem that aims at minimizing the fronthaul bandwidth utilization along with the number of active mmWave interfaces, and therefore, also minimizing the power consumption in the fronthaul network for different functional split scenarios. We then carry out a relative comparison between themmWave and optical fiber fronthauling technologies in terms of their deployment cost in order to ascertain when it would be economically more efficient to employ mmWave fronthaul instead of optical fiber.
Different functional splits enable theMobile Network Operators (MNOs) to harvest different level of resource centralization benefits and pose diverse fronthaul requirements. There is no one–fits–all functional split that can be adopted in C–RAN to cope with all of its challenges
since each split is more appropriate to be employed in a specific scenario in comparison with the others. Thus, another problem is to select the optimal functional split for each small cell in the network. This is a non–trivial task since there are a number of parameters to be taken into account in order to make such a choice. To this end, we developed a set of algorithms that dynamically select an optimal split option for each small cell considering ICI
level as the main criterion. The dynamic functional selection approach is motivated by the argument that a single static functional split is not a viable option especially in the long run. The proposed algorithms provide MNOs with various options to select between promptness,
solution optimality, and scalability.
After having thoroughly analyzed the C–RAN architecture along with the pros and cons of different functional split options, the main objective for MNOs, who already own mobile
network infrastructures and want to migrate to the C–RAN architecture, would be to accomplish such a migration with minimal investments. We developed an algorithm that aims at
reducing the required investments by reusing the available infrastructure in the most efficient way. To quantify the economic benefit in terms of Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) savings, a case study is carried out considering a small cluster of an operational Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE–A) network in the simulation and the proposed infrastructure–aware C–RAN migration algorithm is compared with its infrastructure–unaware counterpart. We also evaluate the multiplexing gain provided by the C–RAN in a specific functional split case and draw a comparison with the one achievable in traditional LTE networks
Beryllium-9 in Cluster Effective Field Theory
Full text linkThe thesis here presented is the result of a PhD research, with the aim to build a program able to solve the non-relativistic eigenvalue problem for the so-called cluster and nuclei (in particular the Beryllium-9 nucleus), in order to study them through the use of Effective Field Theory (EFT) potentials.
After a brief introduction, that will show why this type of nuclei are important in the study of stellar nucleosynthesis, I introduce the Hyperspherical Harmonics basis with which the calculations were carried out. The following chapter has the momentum space as the main subject, ending with some results from the program. EFT and cluster nuclei are then introduced in the next chapter, together with the interaction I used for the cluster systems. The second to last chapter shows the results of the code, able to calculate the ground state of Carbon-12 and Beryllium-9 nuclei, two important nuclei in the process of stellar nucleosynthesis. The last chapter contains a brief summary and the future outlook on this research
Deep Neural Architectures for Video Representation Learning
No full textAutomated analysis of videos for content understanding is one of the most challenging and well researched areas in computer vision and multimedia. This thesis addresses the problem of video content understanding in the context of action recognition. The major challenge faced by this research problem is the variations of the spatio-temporal patterns that constitute each action category and the difficulty in generating a succinct representation encapsulating these patterns. This thesis considers two important aspects of videos for addressing this problem: (1) a video is a sequence of images with an inherent temporal dependency that defines the actual pattern to be recognized; (2) not all spatial regions of the video frame are equally important for discriminating one action category from another. The first aspect shows the importance of aggregating frame level features in a sequential manner while the second aspect signifies the importance of selective encoding of frame level features. The first problem is addressed by analyzing popular Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) architectures for video representation generation and concludes that Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (ConvLSTM), a variant of the popular Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) RNN unit, is suitable for encoding spatio-temporal patterns occurring in a video sequence. The second problem is tackled by developing a spatial attention mechanism for the selective encoding of spatial features by weighting spatial regions in the feature tensor that are relevant for identifying the action category. Detailed experimental analysis carried out on two video recognition tasks showed that spatially selective encoding is indeed beneficial. Inspired from the two aforementioned findings, a new recurrent neural unit, called Long Short-Term Attention (LSTA), is developed by augmenting LSTM with built-in spatial attention and a revised output gating. The first enables LSTA to attend to the relevant spatial regions while maintaining a smooth tracking of the attended regions and the latter allows the network to propagate a filtered version of the memory localized on the most discriminative components of the video. LSTA surpasses the recognition accuracy of existing state-of-the-art techniques on popular egocentric activity recognition benchmarks, showing its effectiveness in video representation generation
La particella pa nelle varietà del ladino dolomitico con particolare attenzione al fassano
Full text linkIl lavoro si concentra sulla sintassi, la semantica e la pragmatica della particella pa (o po) nelle varietà del ladino dolomitico, con particolare attenzione al suo impiego nel fassano. Questa particella presenta caratteristiche e funzioni diverse nelle varietà esaminate: in ampezzano e in fodóm pa serve come particella modale che esprime un atteggiamento del parlante, in badiotto e in gardenese funziona come marcatore interrogativo obbligatorio. In fassano la particella non è obbligatoria, pur essendo molto frequente nelle frasi interrogative, dove tuttavia non pare svolgere una funzione modale.
Per illustrare e analizzare le diverse proprietà della particella nelle varietà considerate, la tesi è organizzata in cinque capitoli, dei quali i primi due sono dedicati a presentare le proprietà generali delle particelle modali (MP) e le ipotesi proposte sulla struttura in cui si manifestano, mentre gli ultimi tre sono dedicati alla descrizione degli usi e all'analisi della particella interrogativa pa/po nelle varietà ladine.
Nel primo capitolo sono presentate le caratteristiche delle MP e sono discussi vari esempi ripresi in particolare dal tedesco (doch, denn) e dall'italiano (mai, poi). Per quanto concerne il quadro teorico, è adottata la cosiddetta split CP hypothesis di Rizzi (2001), che permette di cogliere l’interazione tra la modalità veicolata dalle particelle e la struttura sintattica della frase.
Nel secondo capitolo sono prese in considerazione le particelle modali usate nell’italiano regionale (ben e mica) e nei dialetti parlati nel Veneto e nel Trentino (lu, ti, mo, po), che sono messe a confronto con le particelle usate in italiano e in tedesco, introdotte nel primo capitolo. Tale confronto suggerisce l’esistenza di tre tipi di posizione in cui possono apparire le particelle: iniziale, interno e finale. Le particelle nelle posizioni interne hanno avuto vari processi di grammaticalizzazione che coinvolgono il cambiamento della posizione sintattica, mentre le particelle che appaiono nelle posizioni iniziali o finali si evolvono in maniera relativamente semplice.
Il terzo capitolo si concentra sull'uso di pa (e delle sue varianti po, a) nelle varietà ladine. Le particelle modali nel ladino dolomitico sono analizzate in accordo con le ipotesi sulla periferia sinistra della frase presentate nei capitoli 1 e 2. In particolare, la descrizione dettagliata degli usi di pa in frasi interrogative suggerisce l’esistenza di un processo di grammaticalizzazione dell’avverbio temporale, che lo trasforma in marcatore interrogativo obbligatorio, con una fase intermedia che ri-categorizza l'avverbio come particella modale (in accordo con la proposta di Hack 2011 e 2014).
Al processo di grammaticalizzazione della particella pa è dedicato il quarto capitolo, che riprende in prospettiva diacronica l'analisi di grammaticalizzazione proposta da Hack (2011 e 2014). I dati in diacronia sono selezionati mediante interrogazione del Corpus dl Ladin Leterar, e servono a mostrare le frequenze e i contesti d'uso della particella nel tempo (XIX e XX secolo) e nelle diverse varietà ladine. I dati evidenziano l'esistenza di processi di grammaticalizzazione che si trovano in fasi diverse nelle varietà del ladino dolomitico, con l'ampezzano e il fodom nella prima fase, il fassano nella fase successiva, il badiotto e il marebbano in fase avanzata, e il gardenese nella fase estrema.
Il quinto capitolo è dedicato al fassano, che sembra rappresentare una varietà di transizione, poiché è l’unica in cui la particella ha perso il valore modale, ma non ha ancora acquisito obbligatorietà. Per descrivere dettagliatamente l'uso di pa nel fassano, sono state condotte due inchieste. La prima ha coinvolto 75 studenti di varie località nella valle, la seconda invece 27 parlanti di diverse età e località. L’analisi svolta sui dati raccolti mostra che l'uso della particella è influenzato da fattori diatopici, dalla standardizzazione linguistica degli anni Ottanta, e dal ruolo svolto dalla scuola per l'insegnamento della lingua ladina. La complessità dell’uso della particella in questa varietà viene interpretata seguendo l’ipotesi avanzata da Benincà & Damonte (2009): l’omissibilità della particella è dovuta alla scelta libera tra la particella pa e un elemento foneticamente non realizzato. Inoltre, in alcune sotto-varietà fassane, la scolarizzazione ha dato luogo a una varietà intra-individuale normativa in cui l’uso della particella è preferito.
In conclusione, il lavoro mostra l’evoluzione diacronica della particella pa su una linea che ha la sua origine nell’avverbio temporale, si sviluppa con la particella modale e termina con il marcatore interrogativo. Sulla base della split CP hypothesis, questo sviluppo è interpretato come un cambiamento della maniera in cui la particella interagisce con la proiezione etichettata FP (Force), dove si codificano il tipo di frase e la sua forza illocutiva. Il lavoro sulla particella pa si inserisce perciò nel quadro degli studi volti a descrivere la struttura e le proprietà della periferia sinistra della frase, e contribuisce con dati nuovi alla discussione sul rapporto tra "discorso" e "sintassi"
Optimisation, games and learning strategies in telecommunication systems subject to structural constraints
No full textTelecommunication systems are becoming more and more complex and dynamic. As an example, on e-commerce platforms, on content provision platforms or cloud computing platforms, a variety of dierent agents interact and inuence each other. In data-centers, large numbers of dierent ows need to be served meeting a given quality of service, and the routing decisions taken for one ow can easily inuence the performance of some other ows. These examples are characterized by complexity and dynamism. These features emerge form the interactions among agents and the environment where they operate, and from the fact that agents can choose their actions within a spectrum of possible strategies. As a result, given the structural constraints of a system, it is usually challenging to understand what the emerging properties and the operating points of such system are. In the present work we analyze the dynamics of such systems, with the aim of devising strategies to optimize their operating points. Given their variety, we resort to dierent techniques to analyze each of them. In the second and third chapters we will resort to a game theoretical framework, as we will need to model
an edge caching system as a multi-agent system where the decisions made by one of the agents determine the
behavior of all the others. In the fourth chapter we will tackle a ow segmentation problem. In this context
we will need to model the behavior of an agent seeking to maximize a private utility from the interactions with
a stochastic environment, therefore we will use the theory of stochastic optimization. In the fth chapter we
tackle the problem of determining an optimal trunk-reservation policy for a queue control problem, in absence
of knowledge of the statistical properties of the queue. In this case, we will use reinforcement learning tools to
devise an algorithm based on policy learning that converges to an optimal policy
Context in Learning, Organizing and Sharing Information
Full text linkIn the digital era, users face a new challenge to study, organize and find the information they need in a time-efficient and effective manner. Recent studies have shown that success in doing such tasks depends more on human memory than semantically filtering and re-organizing digital information. As demonstrated by commercial and prototypical Web tools, context seems to play an important role in helping users memorize cues in various user scenarios. While these results are encouraging, there is not yet sufficient understanding of which type of context is useful for which situations. In this thesis, we explore the impact and the role context plays under three different perspectives. First, we examine how allowing users to add their impressions and interpretations of digital learning materials via multimedia annotations influences their learning. Secondly, we collect and analyze the types of context users add and use to organize and retrieve their personal bookmarks. Then lastly, we investigate how a customized set of user contextual tags can aid a targeted set of users to help search and find information easier and faster in a community