Jurnal Ilmu Fisika (JIF)
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Monitoring System of Water Quality on Hydroponic Planting Media using Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) Sensor Based Arduino Uno R3
Get PDFA water quality monitoring system in hydroponics with a Total Dissolved Solid Sensor (TDS) equipped with the Arduino UNO microcontroller has been developed. The TDS SEN0244 sensor read the water sensitivity, which will display the value of the reading on the LCD. Furthermore, if the output is less than 2.30 Volts or 1000 ppm, the buzzer will sound once, and the dosing pump will rotate to automatically add nutrients A and B. The buzzer will sound twice if the output is more than 2.40 Volts or 1200 ppm. When reading the sensitivity of water (well water) with a water value of 400 ppm, the relevant results were obtained, namely, 1000 - 1200 ppm when 4 - 5 mL of the nutrient solution was added to water with a capacity of fewer than 6 liters. The appropriate value was obtained when testing the TDS sensor on several water samples. However, in the salt and soapy water samples, the voltage value reading was unstable or experienced an error. Implementing this system is expected to make it easier for the community, especially farmers, to cultivate hydroponic plants.Monitoring kualitas air pada Hidroponik dengan Sensor Total Dissolved Solid yang bekerja menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino UNO. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui cara kerja sistem monitoring kualitas air pada sistem hidroponik dan mengetahui cara kerja sensor TDS. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen yang meliputi: tahap perancangan alat, tahap pengujian serta tahap pengambilan data. Setelah seluruh sistem dijalankan maka sensor TDS SEN0244 akan melakukan pembacaan kepekaan air yang kemudian nilai dari pembacaan akan ditampilkan pada LCD. Selanjutnya, apabila nilai yang keluar < 2.30 Volt atau 1000 ppm maka buzzer akan berbunyi sekali dan dosing pump akan memutar untuk menambahkan nutrisi A dan B secara otomatis, kemudian apabila nilai yang keluar > 2.40 Volt atau 1200 ppm maka buzzer akan berbunyi dua kali. Pada saat pembacaan kepekaan air (air sumur) dengan nilai air 400 ppm, didapatkan hasil yang sesuai yaitu 1000 – 1200 ppm ketika ditambahkan larutan nutrisi sebanyak 4 – 5 mL terhadap air dengan kapasitas < 6 Liter. Pada saat pengujian sensor TDS terhadap beberapa sampel air didapatkan nilai yang sesuai, tetapi pada sampel air garam dan air sabun pembacaan nilai tegangan tidak stabil atau mengalamai error. Pengimplementasian sistem ini diharapkan dapat mempermudah masyarakat dalam budidaya tanaman hidroponik
Comparison of Deformation Vectors Due to Earthquake in Subduction Zone and Sumatran Fault for Each Phase of Earthquake Cycle
Get PDFThis study compares the deformation in West Sumatra due to the earthquakes in the subduction zone and the Sumatran Fault. The Mw6.0 Mentawai earthquake 2019 with a thrust fault mechanism and the Mw5.4 South Solok earthquake 2019 with a strike-slip fault mechanism were used as case studies for the subduction zone and Sumatran Fault, respectively. The deformation was observed using 12 SuGAr (Sumatra GPS Array) and 8 InaCORS (Indonesian Continuously Operating Reference Station) stations, which were processed using GAMIT/GLOBK software. There are differences in the deformation vectors of the two earthquakes. The Mentawai earthquake experienced larger energy accumulation than the South Solok earthquake. The coseismic phase of the Mentawai earthquake experienced the largest horizontal shift at the SLBU station, which was 15.48 mm in the direction of S29.96W, while the South Solok earthquake is found to horizontally shift the CSDH station at the size of 5.75 mm towards S11.45E. The postseismic phase of the Mentawai earthquake lasted 60 days, longer than the South Solok earthquake (20 days). The difference in deformation characteristic between these two earthquakes found in this study will be valuable information in modeling earthquakes in Sumatra
Effects of State Degeneration in 3D Quantum Lenoir Engine Performance
Get PDFWe study the performance of the quantum Lenoir engine using single-particle confined within the cubic potential. In 3D potential structure, particles degenerate into multiple states at identic energy level which occurs on the excitation state of the particles. Deliberating the degeneration effects, the confined particle has possibility to produce more energy efficiency as engine’s working substance. The particle is able to freely move in three directions of x, y, and z-axis simultaneously, which gives three degrees of freedom to the particle in the cubic potential. By limiting to two eigen states, a basic explanation to the condition of the particle was provided. The efficiency of 3D quantum Lenoir engine is better than the classical model of the Lenoir engine despite the similarity in the formulation. Moreover, we also consider the efficiency comparison between the 3D model, with some state modifications, and the 1D efficiency of the quantum Lenoir engine. As expected, degeneration of the particle’s states plays a role in the enhancement of the quantum Lenoir engine’s efficiency. Moreover, we also derived the power output of the 3D quantum Lenoir engine. Thus, this study clearly gives a sight of the performance of quantum Lenoir engine model in the 3D manner
Pengembangan alat ukur kapasitas vital paru-paru dan frekuensi pernapasan manusia berbasis sensor serat optik
No full textThe development of measuring instruments for vital lung capacity and human respiratory rate based on the fiber-optic sensor has a system consisting of a laser diode as a light source, optical fiber as a waveguide, and OPT101 as a photodetector. This research consists of three stages: hardware design, software design, and data analysis. Each component used is tested and then tested on the entire system to determine each component's performance when used together. In the software system, the analog signal in the form of voltage from OPT101 is converted into an ADC value by an analog-to-digital converter. Based on the ADC value obtained, the threshold value is determined as the threshold for reading the respiratory rate. The number of ADC values during the measurement of vital lung capacity is then converted to volume. Testing of measuring instruments is carried out by comparing the results of instruments developed with a standard medical measuring device. The results of the tests and analyses that have been carried out have obtained an accuracy value of 92.62% for the measurement of vital lung capacity, 95.14% for the measurement of respiratory rate, and 92.62% for the measurement of the respiratory rate of variations in activity.Telah dilakukan pengembangan alat ukur kapasitas vital paru-paru dan frekuensi pernapasan manusia berbasis sensor serat optik yang sistemnya terdiri dari dioda laser sebagai sumber cahaya, serat optik sebagai pandu gelombang dan OPT101 sebagai fotodetektor. Arduino UNO R3 digunakan sebagai pengolah data dan hasil pengukuran ditampilkan melalui LCD I2C 16x2 karakter. Sensor serat optik digunakan untuk mengukur kapasitas vital paru-paru dan frekuensi pernapasan manusia dengan memanfaatkan tegangan keluaran fotodetektor OPT101. Sumber getaran berasal dari membran yang bergetar akibat proses pernapasan pada manusia. Pengujian alat ukur dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil pengukuran alat ukur yang dikembangkan dengan alat ukur standar medis. Hasil pengujian dan analisis yang telah dilakukan diperoleh nilai akurasi sebesar 92,62% untuk pengukuran kapasitas vital paru-paru, 95,14% untuk pengukuran frekuensi pernapasan dan 92,62% untuk pengukuran frekuensi pernapasan variasi aktivitas
Photocatalytic Properties of Co-precipitated Bismuth Cobalt Ferrite
Get PDFBismuth substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticle is studied for photocatalytic in this paper. Bismuth cobalt ferrite has been synthesized by the coprecipitation method and low-temperature annealing treatment. The characterization results showed that the XRD spectral pattern is consistent with ICDD 221086. The crystallite size of bismuth cobalt ferrite increases with increasing annealing temperature. FTIR results confirm the available metal-oxide at number wave around 570/cm and 475/cm which is the appearance of octahedral and tetrahedral sites owing cobalt ferrite. The photocatalyst test was carried out by varying the catalyst mass and UV irradiation time. The absorption spectrum decreases with increasing catalyst mass. The increase in UV irradiation time causes the formation of more holes (h+) and electrons (e-). So that the hydroxide reaction occurs that produces free radicals. The results of this study indicate that cobalt ferrite-based nanoparticles have potential as photocatalyst materials
Development of Slice Test Device for Testing Natural Rubber Composites Similarity with Incision Cadaver on Surgical Process
Get PDFThis research has developed the slice test device to test natural rubber composites made of magnetically modified natural zeolite on nanosilica-reinforced natural rubber composites. We tested the sample similarity with incision cadavers in surgical practice with mechanical characteristics like human tissue. Natural rubber was used as a primary component in the production of synthetic human tissue. The natural rubber was blended with magnetic particle nanosilica, an alternative filler that mixes nanosilica, natural zeolite, and magnetite. This project used several materials formulas to give synthetic human tissue the desired mechanical qualities and incision test characteristics. We used technical specifications rubber (TSR) SIR 20 with nanosilica reinforced fillers and Titanate coupling agent (TCA) as filler and elastomer binders. Samples were characterized using Universal Testing Machine and then tested with the incision test equipment specially designed by the team. Mechanical characteristics of different human body part tissue were compared to the control samples and had similar mechanical characteristics with internal human tissue characteristics. It was found that nanosilica fillers combined with magnetically modified zeolites and titanate coupling agents are potentially applicable for synthetic muscle replacement cadavers with a custom formula
Design of Heart Rate, Oxygen Saturation, and Temperature Monitoring System for Covid-19 Patient Based on Internet of Things (IoT)
Get PDFInstruments for measuring pulse rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature for Covid-19 patients have been designed using the MAX30100 sensor and the Internet of Things (IoT)-based MLX90614 sensor. The MAX30100 sensor is used to measure pulse rate and oxygen saturation. A non-contact MLX90614 sensor is used to monitor body temperature, with an ultrasonic sensor used to set the maximum distance between the sensor and the object. The measurement results were transferred to the database via the ESP8266 MCU node's Wi-Fi communication line. The stored data can be accessed via a web browser. Compared to the oximeter, the MAX30100 sensor has an average error rate of 1.027% for pulse measurement and 0% for oxygen saturation. The MLX90614 sensor has a 0.42% average error rate when it was compared to the thermo-gun.Thus, the measuring device can function properly and is feasible to use. Furthermore, because there is no direct contact between the human body and the sensor, the instrument can prevent Covid-19 transmission
Wireless Data Logger Instrument for Indoor Acoustic Quality Measurement Based on Noise Background, Sound Distribution and Reverberation Time
Get PDFA wireless data logger system measuring indoor acoustic quality was developed using a NodeMCU ESP8266 and microphone sensor KY-037. The acoustic quality is based on parameters of sound pressure level and reverberation time. The system consists of a transmitter unit and a receiver unit. The transmitter unit is equipped with a Microphone KY-037 sensor as a sound detector and NodeMCU ESP8266 as a microcontroller and serial communication with the database. The transmitter unit of this measuring instrument is set at predetermined position points in a room. The results of testing the sound pressure level have an error percentage of 2.09% compared to the Digital Sound Level Meter GM1356 tool. Comprehensive testing of the tool has sent and processed sensor measurement data wirelessly into the database. The processed data is displayed through a GUI web server in the form of a background noise average, an average of the reverberation time value, and a graph of the sound pressure level in the room
Synthesis of Supercapacitor from Cocoa Fruit Peel Activated Carbon for Energy Storage
Get PDFThe supercapacitor electrode has been synthesized using activated carbon from cocoa pods. Activated carbon was prepared by first drying the raw materials under the sunlight and followed by oven drying, pre-carbonization, milling, sieving, and chemical activation with 0.3 M and 0.4 M KOH solution. After chemical activation, the activated carbon was printed into pellet form, carbonized at a temperature of 600 °C, followed by physical activation at a temperature of 700 °C for four hours before polishing. We found that the optimum conditions are 700 °C and 0.4 M. The density of the obtained carbon electrode is 0.810 g/cm3. The SEM micrographs show the formation of pores with a diameter of 0.44 μm and 0.98 μm. The carbon content in the electrode sample measured using electron dispersive spectroscopy is 91.49%. The XRD data shows that the carbon electrode is amorphous with a diffraction angle (2θ) at 23.569° and 44.781°. The optimum specific capacitance of the supercapacitor is 140.2 F/g obtained for the sample activated for 2.5 hours
The Study of Propylene Glycol Effect as Wetting Agent Content for Offset Printing Technique
Get PDFAlthough the printing offset technique offered the best printout quality among other printing techniques, however, there is a drawback of the offset technique which needs great skill to handle the process, i.e the presence of trace water molecules on the image area of the plate. The water’s existence in the image area leads to the poor covering of ink which makes the blurry printout than it must be. Therefore, we used various concentrations of propylene glycol such as 0%, 0.05%, and 0.1% as wetting agents to prevent the trace water sticks to the image area of the plate. We used the HVS paper 80 g/m2 as printing material and the machine of Oliver Sakurai 472 ED to study the role of propylene glycol. Propylene glycol has been considered based on stronger interaction with water molecules than the interaction of the image area - propylene glycol. By investigating the visual quality, density, and dot gain of the printout, we concluded that the wetting agent content of PG 0.05% (v/v) increased the visual brightness, and density of the printout, compared to the water only as the wetting solution