Jurnal Ilmu Fisika (JIF)
Not a member yet
245 research outputs found
Sort by
Integration of a Smart Power Meter for Monitoring Household Energy Consumption in Prepaid Electrical Systems
Full text linkIndonesian households have widely embraced the prepaid electricity payment system. The system relies on electricity credits, with each electrical device consuming credits as a unit of measurement for energy usage. A common issue is the automatic cutoff of electricity supply when the credits are depleted. This research designed a smart power meter using Current Transformer and voltage sensors. The electrical token value is then stored in the Arduino's EEPROM before being transmitted to the NodeMCU. The NodeMCU transfers the data to Antares using the MQTT protocol to forward it to the subscriber, typically an Android device. The data sent to the Android application includes current, voltage, active power, frequency, cos φ, and electrical credits. The measurement of electricity consumption on a kWh meter involves subtracting the value of the input electricity token from the device-measured electricity usage. The device sends a WhatsApp message when the remaining credit exceeds 10 kWh. The prototype of the smart power meter demonstrates practical functionality, with the current sensor accuracy at 99.983% and the voltage sensor accuracy at 99.999%. The largest measurement difference of the electric credit balance between the PLN Meter and the prototype is 0.04 kWh over a test period of 72 hours.Rumah tangga di Indonesia sudah banyak menggunakan sistem pembayaran listrik prabayar. Sistem ini mengandalkan pulsa listrik, dimana setiap perangkat listrik menggunakan pulsa sebagai satuan pengukuran penggunaan energi. Masalah yang umum terjadi adalah terputusnya pasokan listrik secara otomatis ketika pulsa habis. Penelitian ini merancang smart power meter dengan menggunakan sensor CT dan tegangan. Nilai token listrik tersebut kemudian disimpan di EEPROM Arduino sebelum dikirimkan ke NodeMCU. NodeMCU mentransfer data ke Antares menggunakan protokol MQTT untuk meneruskannya ke pelanggan, biasanya perangkat Android. Data yang dikirimkan ke aplikasi Android meliputi arus, tegangan, daya aktif, frekuensi, cosphi, dan pulsa listrik. Pengukuran konsumsi listrik pada kWh meter melibatkan pengurangan nilai token listrik masukan dari penggunaan listrik yang diukur perangkat. Perangkat mengirimkan pesan WhatsApp ketika sisa pulsa melebihi 10 kWh. Prototipe smart power meter menunjukkan fungsionalitas yang efektif, dengan akurasi sensor arus sebesar 99,983% dan akurasi sensor tegangan sebesar 99,999%. Hasil perbandingan pengukuran saldo pulsa listrik antara Meteran PLN dengan prototipe menunjukkan selisih tertinggi sebesar 0,01 kWh dalam periode pengujian 72 jam
Quasi-3D Geoelectrical Imaging as A New Application for Landslide Investigations: A Tunnel Case Induced by Blasting Activity
Full text linkLandslides are a significant hazard in mountainous regions, especially when influenced by construction activities such as tunnel excavation. In this paper, we aim to conduct a slope stability analysis as a result of tunnel blasts using quasi-3D subsurface models based on resistivity values. The study site is a construction area for the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Train tunnel, located in a mountainous region undergoing drill-and-blast excavation. This excavation method makes the area susceptible to landslides, which pose a threat to settlements in the Padalarang subdistrict, West Bandung Regency, Indonesia. Data was collected along four lines in 2D, and the dipole-dipole array was used to enhance resolution. Data modeling was carried out using ResIPy v3.2.3 software to create 2D and quasi-3D subsurface models based on resistivity values. The study findings indicate that the study area exhibits three resistivity ranges: low resistivity (0-30 Ωm), medium resistivity (31-49 Ωm), and high resistivity (>50 Ωm). Utilizing quasi-3D imaging, we were able to identify the dimensions and presence of slip surfaces, which can be categorized as shallow (1.5-5 m) and deep (5-20 m) criteria. This study successfully applied the quasi-3D geoelectrical approach in a susceptible environment to detect potential landslide zones
Tren Konsentrasi Uap Air dan Ozon di Beberapa Ketinggian Wilayah Indonesia Akibat Fenomena La Niña
No full textWe observed the effect of the La Niña phenomenon on the concentration of water vapor and ozone in the Indonesian region. This aims to the value of water vapor and ozone concentrations due to the La Niña phenomenon using Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) data from 2004-2022. The La Niña phenomenon was chosen because during La Niña, the sea surface temperature in Indonesia is warmer than normal, thus increasing the evaporation of sea water which result is an increase in the concentration of water vapor in the atmosphere. Concentration values are observed at altitudes of (25.7;30.5;35.3;40.1) km because there are trends in water vapor and ozone concentrations at these altitudes. The La Niña phenomenon is used to see anomalies in water vapor and ozone concentrations from their normal state. La Niña phenomenon is observed based on the ONI index. We found that during La Niña, the water vapor concentration increased from its normal state while the ozone concentration decreased from its normal state. These two concentration values were used to find trends using Mann Kendall and Sen's Slope methods. We found that the trend of water vapor concentration is statistically significant while the trend of ozone concentration is the opposite.Kami mengamati pengaruh fenomena La Niña terhadap konsentrasi uap air dan ozon di wilayah Indonesia. Hal ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah terjadi peningkatan atau penurunan konsentrasi uap air dan ozon akibat fenomena La Niña dengan menggunakan data Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) dari tahun 2004-2022. Nilai konsentrasi diamati pada ketinggian (25.7;30.5;35.3;40.1) km. Fenomena La Niña digunakan untuk melihat anomali konsentrasi uap air dan ozon dari kondisi normalnya. Fenomena La Niña diamati berdasarkan indeks ONI. Kami menemukan bahwa selama La Niña, konsentrasi uap air meningkat dari kondisi normalnya sedangkan konsentrasi ozon menurun dari kondisi normalnya. Kedua nilai konsentrasi ini digunakan untuk menemukan tren dengan menggunakan metode Mann Kendall dan Sen's Slope. Kami menemukan bahwa tren konsentrasi uap air signifikan secara statistik sedangkan tren konsentrasi ozon sebaliknya
Annual and Interannual Rainfall Variability in Indonesia Using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) Analysis and Its Response to Ocean-Atmosphere Dynamics
Full text linkWe investigate rainfall variability in Indonesia using the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) method. The analysis starts by taking three main modes of EOF results, namely EOF1, EOF2, and EOF3. The EOF1 region is southern Indonesia, from southern Sumatra to Timor Island, parts of Kalimantan, parts of Sulawesi, and parts of Irian Jaya. The EOF2 region is located in northwestern Indonesia and includes the northern part of Sumatra and the northwestern part of Kalimantan. The EOF3 region covers Maluku. This study aims to analyze the annual and inter-annual variability of rainfall in anticipation of the threat of hydrometeorological disasters. Based on the correlation value of the principal component (PC) with the dipole mode index (DMI) and Niño3.4 index, it has a period similar to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Rainfall in Indonesia is very sensitive to sea surface temperature (SST) in the southeastern Indian Ocean and the central Pacific Ocean, which means that rainfall patterns in Indonesia can change significantly if SST in the region changes.Variabilitas diselidiki berdasarkan analisis metode Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) di wilayah Indonesia. Analisis dimulai dengan mengambil tiga mode utama hasil EOF yaitu EOF1, EOF2 dan EOF3. Wilayah EOF1 adalah Indonesia bagian selatan dari Sumatera bagian Selatan sampai Pulau Timor, sebagian Kalimantan, sebagian Sulawesi, dan sebagian di Irian Jaya. Wilayah EOF2 terletak di barat laut Indonesia dan meliputi bagian utara Sumatera dan bagian barat laut Kalimantan. Wilayah EOF3 mencakup Maluku dan sebagian Sulawesi (dekat ke wilayah Pasifik barat). Data curah hujan bulanan yang digunakan adalah data Monthly Precipitation from Princeton University dari tahun 1948 sampai tahun 2016. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis variabilitas curah hujan tahunan dan antar tahunan yang tepat sebagai antisipasi terhadap ancaman bencana hidrometeorologi yang sangat rentan terjadi di Indonesia. Pengaruh ENSO yang kuat memungkinkan kedua wilayah ini mengalami kekeringan panjang pada tahun-tahun kejadian El Niño dan positif IOD, karena respon negatifnya. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa tinggi (rendah) SST pada wilayah Niño3.4 Samudera Pasifik dapat menurunkan (meningkatkan) jumlah curah hujan di wilayah Indonesia
STUDI PENGARUH TEMPERATUR KALSINASI TERHADAP KOMPOSISI FASA SERBUK ZnO YANG DISINTESIS MELALUI METODE SOL-GEL
No full textThis study investigated the effect of calcination temperature on the phase composition and crystal size of zinc oxide powders synthesised by the sol-gel method. Zn powder, HCl and NaOH were used as precursors in a multi-step process involving dissolution, titration, gel formation, leaching, drying and calcination at temperatures ranging from 300°C to 700°C for 2 hours. Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD) data using MAUD and Rietica software determined phase composition and crystal size. Initial analysis identified a single simonkolleite phase (Zn5(OH)8Cl2) prior to calcination, which disappeared at 500°C. Wurtzite (ZnO) appeared at 300°C, accompanied by secondary phases (NaCl and ZnCl2). The wurtzite content increased to 81.42 wt% at 700°C. Calcination temperature also influenced crystal size, which ranged from 27.34 nm to 110.61 nm for wurtzite at different temperatures. The results highlight the dynamic changes in phase composition and crystal size with different calcination temperatures, providing valuable insights into tailoring zinc oxide properties for various applications.Studi ini menyelidiki pengaruh temperatur kalsinasi terhadap komposisi fasa dan ukuran kristal serbuk seng oksida. Serbuk ini disintesis melalui metode sol-gel, menggunakan serbuk Zn, HCl, dan NaOH sebagai prekursor. Prosesnya meliputi pelarutan serbuk Zn dalam larutan HCl untuk menghasilkan larutan asam ZnCl2, yang kemudian dititrasi dengan larutan NaOH hingga mencapai pH 7. Hal ini mengakibatkan terbentuknya gel, dilanjutkan dengan pelindian, pengeringan, dan kalsinasi untuk durasi 2 jam pada berbagai temperatur mulai dari 300°C hingga 700°C. Komposisi fasa dan ukuran kristal ditentukan melalui analisis data difraksi sinar-X (XRD) Rietveld, menggunakan perangkat lunak MAUD dan Rietica. Analisis fase kualitatif mengungkapkan bahwa, sebelum kalsinasi, sampel terdiri dari satu fase simonkolleite, Zn5(OH)8Cl2. Namun, seiring dengan peningkatan temperatur, secara bertahap fasa tersebut berkurang dan akhirnya menghilang pada temperatur 500°C. Wurtzite (ZnO) mulai terbentuk pada temperatur kalsinasi 300 °C dengan fasa sekunder halit (NaCl) dan seng klorida (ZnCl2). Kandungan wurtzite meningkat dengan temperatur kalsinasi yang lebih tinggi, mencapai 81,42 wt% untuk serbuk yang dikalsinasi pada temperatur 700°C. Ukuran kristal wurtzite diperkirakan berkisar antara 27,34 nm hingga 110,61 nm pada temperatur kalsinasi yang bervariasi
Effect of Isopropanol on Optical Properties of Fe3O4/ZnO/Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) Nanocomposite
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate the impact of isopropanol on the optical properties of the Fe₃O₄/ZnO/GQDs nanocomposite. The synthesis of Fe₃O₄ and ZnO nanoparticles was conducted using the coprecipitation method, followed by the synthesis of GQDs using the hydrothermal method with varying concentrations of isopropanol. Subsequently, the Fe₃O₄/ZnO nanocomposite was combined with GQDs synthesized using the sonication method. The amalgamation of magnetic and luminescent materials holds promise for applications in the biomedical field, particularly in bioimaging. XRD data analysis revealed crystal structure alterations attributed to the incorporation of carbon elements in both ZnO and Fe₃O₄. The TEM results indicated a particle size of 16.2 nm for the Fe₃O₄/ZnO/GQDs nanocomposite with a 10 ml isopropanol variation. Identified phases from the XRD analysis include Fe₃O₄, ZnO, and GQDs. UV-Vis spectroscopy detected distinctive absorbance peaks at wavelengths of 323.7 nm, 333.0 nm, 329.9 nm, and 323.9 nm. Moreover, the energy gap exhibited an increase with escalating concentrations of isopropanol in the GQDs. Photoluminescence analysis yielded robust, broad emission bands characterized by orange and red luminescence
Simulation of the Effect of Dy3+ Dopant on the Mass Energy Absorption Coefficient and Relative Energy Response of TLD Made from Lithium Magnesium Borate Using MCNP
Full text linkThermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD) is widely used as a personal and medical dosimeter. Several TLD materials show the characteristics of mass energy absorption coefficient and energy response relative to ICRU (International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements) issue material as an equivalent material for human body soft tissue. This research aims to analyze the effect of Dy3+ dopant on the mass-energy absorption coefficient and relative energy response of Lithium Magnesium Borate (LMB) materials. The simulation was carried out using Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) software. Calculations based on simulation and theoretical results will be compared statistically using paired t-tests. The study showed that adding a Dy3+ dopant to TLD material made of Lithium Magnesium Borate (LMB) only affected the mass-energy absorption coefficient and relative energy response for low radiation energy. Adding Dy3+ dopant increased the mass energy absorption coefficient and relative energy response in a reasonably small value. Based on these results, LMBDy3+ produces a better mass-energy absorption coefficient value for TLD materials. The results of the statistical tests show a significant difference in the mass energy absorption coefficient value. At the same time, there is no significant difference between the simulation results and theoretical calculations for the relative energy response
EGS++: Optimasi parameter transport dalam simulasi
No full textMC transport parameters used are common to all egs++ applications. The effect of each transport parameter need to understand to optimize the simulation process. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of egs++ simulation for different transport parameters in water phantom. This water phantom has built using slab. Collimated source defined 100 cm above the phantom. The simulation parameters such as the efficiency, statistical uncertainty, and accuracy of selecting transport parameters such as electron and photon cut-off energies, spin effects, atomic relaxations, and bound Compton scattering was investigated. The selection of ECUT and PCUT greatly affects the simulation time. The simulation time, efficiency and energy fractions have same value for varied ECUT except for 0.521 MeV. The energy fraction have been shifted but the simulation time and efficiency were same. Turning on spin effects in this simulation increases simulation time by 25%. The simulation time increases by about 15% when relaxations are turned on. The more accurate result of deposited energy using EGSnrc algorithm is about 30% slower than the less accurate PRESTA-I algorithm. Therefore, The optimization of transport parameters is needed in the simulation of egs++ to provide the best efficiency.Pemilihan parameter transport Monte Carlo dalam simulasi egs++ pada umumnya diatur dan disesuaikan berdasarkan simulasi yang akan dilakukan untuk memperoleh hasil simulasi yang lebih optimal. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini dihitung besarnya efisiensi simulasi egs++ pada fantom air dengan parameter transport yang berbeda. Fantom air ini dibangun menggunakan geometri slab. Sumber yang digunakan dikolimasi dan diletakkan pada jarak 100 cm dari permukaan fantom. Parameter transport seperti energi ambang elektron dan foton (ECUT dan PCUT), efek spin, relaksasi atom, dan hamburan Compton terikat divariasikan untuk memperoleh efisiensi simulasi yang paling optimal. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan energi ambang elektron dan foton sangat mempengaruhi efisiensi simulasi maupun energi yang terdeposisi pada fantom. Fraksi energi mengalami perubahan namun efisiensi dan waktu simulasi tidak dipengaruhi oleh energi ambang yang didefenisikan. Efek spin dan relaksasi atom yang diperhitungkan dalam simulasi menyebabkan peningkatan waktu simulasi masing-masing sebesar 25% dan 15%. Energi yang terdeposisi pada fantom air 30% lebih akurat menggunakan algoritma EGSnrc jika dibandingkan dengan menggunakan PRESTA-I. Oleh karena itu, pemilihan parameter transport yang sesuai harus dilakukan untuk memperoleh efisiensi simulasi egs++ yang lebih optimal
Effect of TiO2 on Orange Peel Activated Carbon Composite in Reducing Carbon Monoxide and Hydrocarbon Gas Emissions
Full text linkstudy aims to see the effect of adding TiO2 on activated carbon as a material for reducing CO and HC gas emissions. Activated carbon (AC) was synthesized from orange peel waste at a carbonization temperature of 600 with a 10% (w/v) ZnCl2 activator. Composite AC/TiO2 was prepared by a simple mixing method. This process obtained TiO2-modified activated carbon material with variations in TiO2 concentrations of 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was performed to obtain information on the AC/TiO2 surface morphology. In the application as a CO and HC gas emission reduction material, the results of mixing AC/TiO2 are mixed with a 10% (w/v) solution of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) as an adhesive and molded in the shape of a filter with two variations hole sizes with a diameter of 1 cm and 0.3 cm. Composite filter performance tests were carried out using a gas analyzer. The best result for reducing gas emissions occurred at a concentration of TiO2 15% with reduction power to reduce CO gas emission up to 53.79% and HC gas emission up to 55.57%
Identifikasi Sesar Sumatra Segmen Manna Menggunakan Data Anomali Gravitasi GGMplus dengan Metode Second Vertical Derivative (SVD)
No full textThis study uses the gravity method to assess the characteristics of the Manna segment fault, a part of the Sumatran fault. This research aims to contribute to the existing knowledge by providing additional insights into the fault's characteristics, which is essential for future disaster mitigation efforts. The Manna segment fault is geographically situated between coordinates 4.4⁰S - 3.9⁰ S and 102.7⁰ E – 103.2⁰ E, making this area prone to earthquake hazards. The gravity anomaly data, including free air and topography, were collected from 62,501 data points. The Simple Bouguer Anomaly (SBA) values obtained ranged from 25 mGal to 95 mGal. By utilizing the Second Vertical Derivative (SVD) method and dividing the study area into three regions with multiple sections, the analysis revealed that the minimum and maximum SVD values were relatively similar. This suggests that the Manna fault can be classified as a strike-slip fault, with SVD values ranging from Elkins-20 mGal to 6 mGal. The study identified branches of the main fault in regions 2 and 3 based on the SVD map. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of the Manna segment fault, providing valuable insights into its characteristics and contributing to future disaster mitigation efforts.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi karakteristik salah satu bagian dari Sesar Sumatra yaitu Segmen Manna. Sesar ini terletak di daerah Bengkulu Selatan sehingga membuat wilayah ini rawan terhadapan ancaman gempa bumi terjadi gempa bumi, seperti gempa bumi pada 20 Juni 2021 dengan kekuatan 5,4 M. Penelitian ini menggunakan data anomali gayaberat GGMplus. Daerah penelitian ini terletak pada koordinat 4.4⁰ LS - 3.9⁰LS dan 102.7⁰ BT – 103.2⁰BT. Data yang diperoleh berupa data anomaly udara bebas dan topografi ERTM2160 untuk mendapatkan nilai Simple Bouguer Anomaly (SBA). Data anomaly udara bebas dan topografi yang diperoleh sebanyak 62.501 titik data. Selanjutnya nilai SBA yang diperoleh digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi sesar beserta karakteristiknya dengan metode First Horizontal Derivative (FHD) dan metode Second Vertical Derivative (SVD). Metode FHD digunakan untuk melihat batas struktur bawah permukaan dangkal dan metode SVD digunakan untuk penentuan karakteristik sesar. Analisis dilakukan pada data anomali residual yang telah diperoleh. Karakteristik sesar diwilayah segemen ini yang telah dibagi menjadi 3 region teridentifikasi jenis Sesar geser