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Structural and chemical modifications in linen fabrics due to scouring and bleaching
No full text86-89This study examines the effects of scouring and bleaching on the morphological properties of the linen fabric. Scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) analysis reveals slight changes in the surface characteristics of scoured and scoured & bleached
linen fabrics compared to greige linen fabric, with increased surface roughness. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
analysis confirms that the fundamental cellulosic bonds (–OH, C-O-C and C-H stretching) remain intact, as indicated by similar
absorption peaks across greige, scoured and scoured & bleached linen fabrics. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis further supports
these findings, showing an increase in the amorphous region in the scoured, and scoured & bleached linen fabrics
Ameliorative effect of Modified Atkins Diet against aluminium chloride induced cognitive, behavioural and neurochemical impairments in rats
No full text361-373Dietary and metabolic therapies are emerging Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment contender due to paucity of effective
therapeutic interventions. Modified Atkins Diet (MAD) is a less restrictive version of ketogenic diet and has higher
compliance rate. Therefore, in the present study MAD treatment of different durations were investigated for their effect in
Aluminium chloride induced AD in rats. Alzheimeric rats received MAD for a period of 4 weeks (treatment 1), 6 weeks
(treatment 2) and 4 weeks of MAD + 2 weeks without any treatment (treatment 3). Treatment 2 showed significant decrease
in escape latency in MWM while increase in working memory, discrimination ratio and locomotor activity in MWM, NORT
and OFT respectively. All the treatments have a mild effect on body weight, body mass index and fasting blood sugar level.
Treatment 2 significantly decreased total protein, calcium, lactate dehydrogenase and acetylcholinesterase level in
alzheimeric rats. Treatment 2 also improved lipid profile and oxidative stress parameters when compared with toxicant
control rats. Treatment 2 also improved brain cell histology in AD rats. Treatment 1 and treatment 3 caused moderate to
slight improvement in animal models and biochemical study parameters in alzheimeric rats. Results of the study conclude
that MAD treatment for 6 weeks significantly restored cognition, behavioural and neurochemical abnormalities of AD
Environmental Noise in North Central Mumbai, India: Unravelling Human-Environmental Interactions
No full text389-398This study investigates traffic-related noise in residential zones within an educational institution in North Central
Mumbai, India. It uses objective and subjective noise assessments to understand the relationship between objective noise
levels, reported noise annoyance, and sensitivity. As there is limited research pertaining to the Indian context, this research
study introduces a fresh perspective and seeks to contribute to a better comprehension of the impacts of noise pollution.
Systematic noise monitoring was performed at designated sites (35), adhering to regulatory guidelines, and employing a
tripod-mounted sound level meter. A well-structured questionnaire designed for community noise survey. The average noise
levels in the residential community were 61.2 dB(A) during traffic non-rush hours. The study found that 33% of participants
were highly annoyed by noise, with 18% being annoyed. Noise annoyance was influenced by objective noise levels,
proximity to roads, and nearby parks or lakes. Among participants, 39% were highly noise-sensitive, with females and
middle-aged residents being more sensitive. However, sensitivity had little impact on annoyance. The study suggests that
noise management strategies should be incorporated into urban planning and educational institution policies, despite the
presence of vegetation and noise barriers
Variations in morphological traits of traditional rice varieties in major rice growing regions of Tamil Nadu
No full text349-360Besides therapeutic value, the traditional rice varieties have potential to compete well under changing climatic conditions viz., flood, drought, saline and sodic stress and pest and disease resistance. Recognizing the nutritional and medicinal properties of traditional varieties or landraces in rice, the consumption of these varieties is increasing nowadays. Therefore, the characterization of traditional rice varieties will be helpful in differentiating the individual varieties for further utilization in the crop improvement programme. In the present study, 32 traditional rice varieties were collected from the various places of Tamil Nadu and characterized for 62 morphological traits as per the DUS guidelines. The results of the qualitative traits indicated that the traditional rice varieties have unique characters over existing varieties in terms of basal leaf colour, leaf anthocyanin colouration, leaf sheath anthocyanin colouration, anthocyanin colouration of auricles, colour of ligule, colour of stigma and grain characters like length, width, lemma palea colour, awn type and decorticated grain colour. The study also revealed that the traditional rice varieties had extensive genetic diversity when compared to present improved types which can be used in crop improvement programme in respect to quality traits. In addition, the characterization will be useful to seek protection of the varieties under the Plant Variety Protection system
