Zwingliana
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Ein reformierter Theologe in Siebenbürgen István Tőkés 8. August 1916 – 15. Januar 2016
No full textA short overview of István Tőkés’ life and works, his preaching, his commentary (and translation) of the second Helvetic confession, as well as his problems as a member of the Hungarian minority in communistic and post-communistic Rumania, according to his letters
A variant copy of Konrad Gessner’s “Bibliotheca Universalis”
No full textUntil recently, no variant copy or cancellation of Konrad Gessner’s “Bibliotheca Universalis” was known. The author examined five copies in Japan and four copies at the Zurich Central Library (Copies A, B, C and D), as well as one at Basel University Library, and discovered that variant copies do exist. Copy A was Gessner’s own copy, to which he added numerous notes, especially on fol. 454v. As a result of comparison with Copy B (Konrad Pellikan’s copy), it appears that Gessner corrected the text of lines 4–30 on this folio, shortened it to 11 lines, and added 18 new lines. The printer, Froschauer, recomposed four formes from fol. 453r to 454v, reprinted them and cancelled the former printed sheet of fol. 453r–454v. Copies B and D (Konrad Klauser’s copy), the Basel copy, and the five copies in Japan are considered to be the ideal copies and Copies A and C (Jacques Dubois’s copy) are regarded as variant copies. One part of the printing process of the “Bibliotheca Universalis” became clear with this discovery
Eine nonkonformistische Bibliothek des 17. Jahrhunderts: Klandestine Literatur am Vorabend des Pietismus
No full textIn the Central Library of Zurich, we find several handwritten volumes dating from the middle of the 17th Century with mystical texts and works of Jacob Boehme. These volumes are an impressive example of non-conformist and spiritualistic thinking in Zurich during that period. Who was the scribe of the volumes? Who was the owner? From where was this underground-literature diffused? How did they reach Zurich? To these questions the present article is dedicated. It points out that these volumes were part of a larger collection, so that the scribe and the owner could be identified: The theologian and mathematician Michael Zingg was the scribe and the merchant and later Pietist Heinrich Römer was the owner. In these volumes mystic and spiritualistic texts were collected. Several texts were at this time not printed in German but were quickly handwritten in a clandestine network. And there are also works of Jacob Boehme, which were translated from Dutch back into German. How these writings reached Zurich is still unknown
Jan-Andrea Bernhard, Konsolidierung des reformierten Bekenntnisses im Reich der Stephanskrone, 2015
No full textNo abstract available
Eine unbekannte Schrift von Bernardino Ochino
No full textRecent work on the edition of Heinrich Bullinger’s correspondence from the year 1546 has unearthed an interesting letter by Ambrosius Blarer, the reformer of Constance. In a list of publications connected with the raging Schmalkaldic War, he mentions the pamphlet “Ein gesprech des Teütschen Lands und der hoffnung diese gegenwertige Kriegsleüff betreffend […]”, attributing it to the Italian reformer Bernardino Ochino. This article corroborates Ochino’s hitherto unknown authorship, as well as providing an edition of the pamphlet with a commentary and analysis
Zur Verteidigung des »Protestant Cause«: Die konfessionelle Diplomatie Englands und der eidgenössischen Orte Zürich und Bern 1655/56
No full textThe diplomatic relations between the English Republic under Oliver Cromwell and the two Swiss Cantons Zurich and Berne were heavily influenced by the bond of religion, which transnationally connected actors, events and strategies on both sides throughout the investigation period 1655/56. During the residence of the English envoy John Pell in Switzerland two major events occurred – the persecution of the Vaudois in Piedmont and the first Villmergen War – which brought together different actors for the so-called defense of Protestantism. Prominently involved beside the English diplomats and the Swiss magistrates were several leading ministers of the Reformed churches in Zurich and Berne. For both conflicts, very similar strategies were used (days of repentance and prayer, monetary aid, diplomatic and military intervention), which demonstrated a Protestant solidarity across borders and a union in the community of the faith. These measures were intended to overcome confessional differences on the inside and to close ranks against the (Catholic) enemies on the outside. Furthermore, comparable rhetoric strategies were used by both the English and the Swiss to stress a threat to the Protestant body and to generate prompt assistance to the endangered coreligionists. Inthe end, the close diplomatic relations turned out to be disappointing for both sides andremained a temporary episode; Cromwell as well as the Reformed Swiss Cantons increasinglyleaned towards an alliance with France, which made the English-Swiss convergencemore and more obsolete
Reconceiving the Clerical Corps: How Heinrich Bullinger Resists the Expectations of Confessionalization
No full textThe traditional concept of priesthood aroused much interest and animosity in the Reformation. Huldrych Zwingli led efforts to expand priesthood beyond a sacramental subset of Christendom to encompass instead the sum of all the baptized. He redefined clerical identity as a humanistic/linguistic corps of “prophets.” Heinrich Bullinger shared in Zwingli’s mission to preserve a ministerial corps, and yet he found it increasingly necessary to modify the mold of “minister-as-prophet.” Bullinger carefully re-appropriated some aspects of a “priestly” identity for the clerical corps. In the process, he created a fruitful – perhaps even unique – hybrid of humanism with eschatology. The upshot was a model for church-state relations that cannot be reduced to the expectations of propositional dogmatism commonly associated with the theory of confessionalization
Zusammenarbeit in St. Gallen: Christoph Schappeler und Joachim von Watt (Vadian) über das Gebet
No full textChristoph Schappeler had written a tract on prayer to return it “to the old and proper track” according to the intentions of the Reformers; Joachim von Watt (Vadian) copied this tract and revised it thoroughly. Schappeler’s original is no longer extant; the manuscript with the number 53 of the Vadian collection in the canton library of St Gallen is written in its entirety in the hand of Vadian. The non-theologian Vadian, who had already commented multiple times previously on religious topics, thus engaged with a topic of ecclesiastical practice – from prayer and the veneration of the saints, via the singing during worship to the prayer at places of pilgrimage. During his revision, Vadian visibly makes the text his own and introduces his own, Reformed concerns. Schappeler had directed his tract at the “readers in Germany”; Vadian may have addressed “the reader” repeatedly, but a publication of the tract after his revision was no longer conceivable