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Water Allocation Based on Economic Criteria Using Aquarius Model (A Case Study in Ambang-Brantas subbasin, Indonesia)
Full text linkThe use of economic approach on water allocation are inclusively becoming integrated on water resource management. Competing among water users is expected to escalate due to increasing water demand despite of limited water availability. This research used economic approach aiming to optimize water allocation in Ambang-Brantas subbasin, Malang, and to calculate the total benefit for different sectors of allocated water. We distinguished two scenarios (2012–2015 and 2016–2035) to reflect the existing and the future water allocation. We modelled the water allocation with the Aquarious application. In this subbasin, three main sectors of water users were identified i.e. domestic, agriculture, and industries. The results showed that the agricultural sector was the highest water demand compared to other sectors. This finding was consistent both monthly and annually. Our findings revealed that industries sector show the maximum benefit per unit water used. Based on the scenario, either a decreasing water availability by 10% or an increasing water demand by 10% will decline the total benefit by 44%. If we increase the scenario to 20% it will reduce the total benefit until 71%. This modelling exercise using Aquarius application shows that the model is a promising tool for water resource management with integration of economic approach
Dynamics of Intercepted Solar Radiation to Simulate Dry Matter of Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill)
Full text linkSolar radiation greatly affects the development of plant biomass. The process of plant development is complex. Here, we simplified this complexity through modeling experiment by integrating climate variables. This study aims to determine the dynamics of canopy intercepted solar radiation under soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill). We employed the shierary-rice model to calculate plant biomass. The results showed that intercepted radiation continuosly increased during vegetative phase, whereas the radiation remains constant during generative phase. Our observation confirmed that the pattern of intercepted radiation followed the angular pattern of sunlight. The intercepted radiation was optimum at 10:00 to 14:00 pm, and it was used to form the plant dry matter. We found that the intercepted radiation contributed until 12%. Based on this contribution, we built our crop model of soybean biomass. Our model performed well in simulating dry biomass with high R2 (0.9), and as indicated by the plot 1:1 between dry matter of model and field observations. Further, the result of t test between model and observed data confirm this strong corelation (p-value 0.07)
Simulation Model to Analyze the Effect of Planting Schedule and Predict the Productivity of Red Chilies in Pagar Alam City
Full text linkThe city of Pagar Alam, South Sumatra is at an altitude of 600-2700 masl. The city has climatic and soil condition suitable for red chili plants (Capsicum annuum L.) that have high economic value. However, the fluctuating amount of red pepper production throughout the year can lead to excess or lack of availability of red chili in the market. This research was conducted to use a crop model to simulate the development, growth, and production of red pepper plant. This model used daily weather as input to simulate daily biomass (kg/ha) components of roots, stems, leaves, and fruits. Comparison of fruit components from simulation with field data taken at three areas in Pagar Alam city showed model accuracy of 76% for Koramil area, 91% for Perandonan area, and 85% Pagargading area. The simulation model result show that the average monthly chili productivity varies; highest of 3376 kg/ha if planting is done in October, and the lowest of 2828 kg/ha if planting is done in February
Variabilitas Curah Hujan Indonesia dan Hubungannya dengan ENSO/IOD: Estimasi Menggunakan Data JRA-25/JCDAS
Full text linkRainfall variability over Indonesia and its relation to El Niño – Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events were investigated using the Japanese 25-year reanalysis/Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) Climate Data Assimilation System (JRA-25/ JCDAS). The JRA-25 data consistently depicts seasonal variation of Indonesian rainfall with a wet season that peaks at December-January and a dry season that peaks in July-August when the convection belt moved northward. Composite analysis of rainfall, sea surface temperature and low-level wind anomalies have shown that the impact of ENSO/IOD on rainfall variations in Indonesia is clearly dominant during dry season. Drought conditions typically occur during El Niño years when SST anomalies surrounding Indonesia are cool and walker circulation is weakened, resulting in anomalous surface easterlies across Indonesia. In contrast, in the wet season, the weakening of the relationship between ENSO and Indonesian rainfall is linked to the transition between surface southeasterlies to northwesterlies. At this time persistent surface easterly anomalies across Indonesia superimposed on the climatological mean winds during a warm phase of ENSO event acts to reduce the wind speed resulting reduced the negative DJF rainfall anomalies
Dynamical Downscaling Luaran Global Climate Model (GCM) Menggunakan Model REGCM3 untuk Proyeksi Curah Hujan di Kabupaten Indramayu
Full text linkFuture rainfall projection can be predicted by using Global Climate Model (GCM). In spite of low resolution, we are not able specifically to describe a local or regional information. Therefore, we applied downscaling technique of GCM output using Regional Climate Model (RCM). In this case, Regional Climate Model version 3 (RegCM3) is used to accomplish this purpose. RegCM3 is regional climate model which atmospheric properties are calculated by solving equations of motion and thermodynamics. Thus, RegCM3 is also called as dynamic downscaling model. RegCM3 has reliable capability to evaluate local or regional climate in high spatial resolution up to 10 × 10 km. In this study, dynamically downscaling techniques was applied to produce high spatial resolution (20 × 20 km) from GCM EH5OM output which commonly has rough spatial resolution (1.875o × 1.875o). Simulation show that future rainfall in Indramayu is relatively decreased compared to the baseline condition. Decreased rainfall generally occurs during the dry season (July-June-August/JJA) in a range 10-20%. Study of extreme daily rainfall indicates that there is no significant increase or decrease value
THE EFFECT OF PRESCRIBED FIRE ON THE MICROCLIMATE OF FOREST FLOOR
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PEMODELAN EVAPOKLIMATONIMI UNTUK PREDIKSI LENGAS TANAH DAN EVAPOTRANSPIRASI SUBDAS KONTO (DAS BRANTAS) JAWA TIMUR SEBAGAI STUDI KASUS
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ANALISIS PENGARUH FAKTOR METEOROLOGI TERHADAP KONSENTRASI PM10 MENGGUNAKAN REGRESI LINIER BERGANDA(STUDI KASUS: DAERAH DAGO PAKAR DAN CISARANTEN, BANDUNG)ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS TO PM10 CONCENTRATION USING
Full text linkAir pollution was influenced by meteorological condition. Atmospheric stability and wind are very important meteorological factors such as solar radiation, temperature, relative humidity, wind and its stability. This study analyzes the influence of meteorological factors to PM10 concentration in Bandung, West Java, as the case study. We used the data from Air Quality System Monitoring (AQMS) at Dago Pakar Stastion as the refference of background area and Cisaranten Wetan as the refference of industrial area. This study used multiple linear regression method to analyze the influence of solar radiation, temperature, relative humidity (RH) and wind velocity to concentration of PM10. The result of this analysis is the meteorological factors that influence PM10 concentration are different for both of location. At Dago, wind velocity is not a significant factor influencing fluctuation of PM10 concentration. However, for Cisaranten Wetan it significantly influences the PM10 concentration with negative correlation. The meteorological factors at Dago that significantly influence PM10 concentration are solar radiation (Rad), temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH), with the equation Yi = -87.334 + 0.023Rad + 3.184T + 0.621RH; while at Cisaranten Wetan, the significant meteorological factors are radiation, relative humidity and wind velocity (V), with equation Yi = 16.0842 + 0.028Rad + 0.504RH - 9.184V. Wind velocity at Cisaranten Wetan had a larger range than that of Dago. This wind has a velocity of 5 m/sec which potentially transports particulates to other areas that can decrease PM10 concentration
MODEL SIMULASI PRODUKSI KELAPA SAWIT BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK KEKERINGANA SIMULATION MODEL OF OIL PALM PRODUCTION BASED ON DROUGHT CHARACTERISTIC
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PENGARUH CURAH HUJAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KEDELAI PADA TANAH VERTISOLS DAN ENTISOLSEFFECT OF RAINFALL TO SOYBEAN GROWTH AND YIELD ON VERTISOLS AN ULTISOLS SOILS
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