Studia Islamika
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The Islamization of Southern Kalimantan: Sufi Spiritualism, Ethnic Identity, Political Activism
No full textSufism was the first form of Islam to be brought to Kalimantan, as was the case throughout most of Southeast Asia. Increasing numbers of Muslim traders and itinerant Sufi preachers came to the Indies from the 13th century onwards, and by the 16th century Islam had become a significant presence throughout the archipelago, especially in port cities and elsewhere on the coast. The popularity of Sufism grew rapidly in the 18th and 19th centuries as increasing numbers of the faithful returned from the pilgrimage (haj) to Medina and Mecca, bringing the faith back with them to various communities scattered throughout the islands' This growth in the numbers of pilgrims (haji) had direct political significance, for they had inevitably come into contact with new religio-political ideas while in the Holy Land.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i3.54
Komite Persiapan Penegakan Syariat Islam: A South Sulawesi Formalist Islamic Movement
No full textThis article has examined the dynamics of the formation of KPPSI, its emergence and the character of its supporters. It can be concluded that the legacy of DI is clearly observable in the former DI followers - who supported the establishment of the movement. Aziz Kahar Muzakkar is the son of Kahar Muzakkar. However, the DI factor cannot wholly explain the emergence of KPPSI. This discussion has shown that there were many other Islamists in KPPSI who had no DI ties. This attests to the continuing influence of Islamic modernism, including the role of Muhammadiyah educational training in the radicalization of Islamism in the region. Furthermore, young Islamists have begun to be shaped by broader Islamist movements due to their access to global Islam. To some extent, KPPSI also attracted young activists with attitudes of intolerance to others.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i1.55
Moderate Islamic Fundamentalism: Understanding the Political Thinking of the Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS)
No full textThis article proposed the term moderate fundamentalism, as a tool in understanding the defining characteristic of the PKS. In short, the term refers to fundamentalism in a moderate perspective, enabling moderate fundamentalists to be involved in political activities adaptively and without resorting to the use of radical means. Using this term, I argue that the PKS is a part of the fundamentalist faction, differentiating it in principle from other modernist groups or parties in Indonesia. Its moderate nature, however, also differentiates it from the radical camps within the fundamentalist faction. The use of the term moderate fundamentalism allows for the observation of diversity within the fundamentalist faction and contributes to new insights into present-day Indonesian Islamic political parties.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i3.54
New Approaches in Interpreting the Quran in Contemporary Indonesia
No full textThis study wants to look at Indonesian Muslim thought in relation to the interpretation of the Qur'ary especially its methodological issues. This topic is well-worth exploring also because it has been an increasingly prominent theme in contemporary debates on Islamic reform. It is in attempts to define the purpose and methods of Islamic reform and its legitimate boundaries that the debate concerning the Qur'an (primarily its interpretive approaches) between many contemporary Muslim thinkers comes into plays This study might be regarded as an effort to show how Indonesian Muslims have sought to participate in the debate, or to be more precise to incorporate some Indonesian Muslims' views into that debate. In doing so, this study limits its scope to the discussions in the Indonesian context during the past 20 years. It is within this period that lively discussions on interpretive approaches to the Qur'an have taken place in Indonesia.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i2.54
Potret Madrasah di Dunia Islam: Keragaman, Kompleksitas, dan Persaingan Konsep Keislaman
No full textBook Review: Robert w. Hefner and Muhammad Qasim Zaman, schooling Islam: The culture and Politics of Modem Muslim Education (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007).This book offers a portrait of Islamic education while presenting their struggles with s variety of political systems, modernization, and religious ideology. Cases were studied in important regions in the lslamic world such as Turkey, Egypt, Pakistan, Indonesia, Morocco, and Mali as well as Islamic education in the West, in this case, England. In the discussion is revealed that the Islamic educational institutions, especially the madrasah are not only confronted by changing social and political realities, but also by the issue: How to make a modern Muslim. In response to these challenges various models of Islamic education appeared in various regions in the Muslim world.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i3.55
Muslim Responses to the Communist Revival in Indonesian Politics
No full textThe sudden reappearance of Marxist-Communist literature following the downfall of Soeharto's New Order regime was a concerning development for many Muslim groups in Indonesian, especially those in the so-called Aliansi Anti-Komunis (the Anti-communist Alliance, or AAK). Members of the Alliance reacted by burning Leftist books on April 19, 2001 and demanded that all Marxist-Communist literature found in book shops throughout the country be removed over the following days. Some social groups within Indonesia reacted positively to the book burning arguing that it was in accordance with the constitution, while opponents viewed it as anarchic and extreme. This article discusses the AAK's reaction to the purported Communist threat with particular reference to the burning of the leftist literature.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i2.54
Mainstreaming Madrasahs and Pesantrens in the East Java Province
No full textMadrasahs and pesantrens are two Islamic educational institutions that have a very strategic role in the development of lndonesian society. Both act as sources of education for the Muslim youth ftom the middle and lower classes in the villages, not to mention a good number of upper-class children from the cities. The importance of madrasahs and pesantrens is evident when we realize that a large proportion of Indonesia's population lives in villages, and a large percentage of these are poor; thus education through madrasahs and pesantrens is often the only avenue left for those who are poor. The old order and New order regimes in the past actively pursued policies of marginalizing these education institutions and such a policy must be brought to an end. This is because the fate of the people of this country is closely tied to the success and development of Islamic educational institutions.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i1.57
Dīmukrātīyah fī al-Sirā’i al-Fikrī al-Islāmī fī Indūnīsīyā
No full textIn 1998 Indonesia entered what has become known as the Reformation era, a period defined by the relative dominance of democratic ideas and practices, both in the socio-political sense and the religious sense. This piece of writing retraces the ideological struggle of prominent Indonesian Muslim figures to bring democracy to lndonesia, a struggle which began in the 1980s. In this way, this article endeavors to respond to the critics and doubters - like Larry Diamond and Juan Linz - who believe that the ideals of democracy conflict with those of Islam and thus argue that the two cannot co-existDOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i3.54
Pentas Jihad Gerakan Salafi Radikal Indonesia
No full textThis book is largely based on the writer's PhD thesis completed at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. This book represents an in-depth study of Laskar Jihad. Laskar Jihad has become somewhat prominent in recent times namely because of its role in the bloody conflict in Ambon. This religious conflict between Christians and Muslims resulted in countless casualties on both sides. The author takes the view that the phenomenon of Laskar Jihad represents a kind of synthesis between Islamic doctrine, militancy and efforts to strengthen the identity of a group that felt sidelined by modernization. Laskar Jihad's involvement in the conflict in Ambon was supported by - amongst others - fatwas from Salafi scholars in the Middle East (Mecca, Medina and Yemen).DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i2.55
Sharī’ah and the Politics of Pluralism in Indonesia
No full textKeeping in mind the Indonesian Government's policy regarding legal pluralism, this article will take a closer look at how the Government deals with the existence of both Islamic law and customary law (adat). The adoption of "state law pluralism", especially by the New Order regime since 1970s, has had an evident impact on the way the state handles the institution of adat and Islamic law (shari'ah). The question is what is the motive behind employing this strategy? This is a question that necessitates more a socio-political approach in the study of comparative law, drawing on a number of regulations and acts related to adat and Islamic law as the primary sources.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v14i2.54