Studia Islamika
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Islam, Demokrasi, dan Institusi Politik di Indonesia, Turki, dan Dunia Islam
No full textEdward Schneier. 2016. Muslim Democracy: Politics, Religion and Society in Indonesia, Turkey and the Islamic World. New York: Routledge.This book is one of the most recent and pivotal works in studying of democratization in Muslim world. The controversial inference from the Edward Schneier’s work is that the variable of religion, especially Islam in this context, is not appropriate enough to explain the success or failure of democracy in Muslim majority countries. By using the mix method of statistics comparison and comparative case studies in Indonesia and Turkey, he argues that the difference of colonialization, history, geopolitics and the growth of developmental economy is crucial variable to elucidate the different outcome of democratization in Muslim countries. However, this book is like a generalization from prior works regarding this topic especially in explaining Islam and democracy in both countries. Some arguments fell down repeatedly with prior scholars such as the explanation of civil Islam to explain Indonesia democratization and the role of military-Islamist relations in depicting democratization in Turkey.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i1.522
Bioethics and Islamic Values: Assisted Reproductive Technology in the Context of Indonesia
No full textAssisted-reproductive technology (ART) has developed rapidly, and has brought controversies in terms of legality and ethics. Todays, majority of people rely on bioethics to address the issue. Yet, bioethics in its development, mostly is influenced by Western values such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. Some communities, like Islam, need to respond the issue using “Islamic bioethics”. This paper explores how Muslims in Indonesia tackle the issue and set up “Islamic bioethical values” accordingly. Our literary research found that some individual interpretation and judgments (ijtihād) have been given both by Islamic organizations [Muhammadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI)] and outstanding ulama. Fatwas issued by the majorities indicate that although the methods of inquiries are different, the result is the same, that is rejecting the presence of a third party in the form of sperm, ovum, or uterus.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i1.220
Exploring Islamic School Leadership in a Challenging Southern Thailand Context
No full textThis study explores leadership practices in different Islamic schools in Southern Thailand, an area where already for decades an ethno-political conflict has been ongoing between Malay Muslims and the Thai Buddhist government. Using a multiple-case study approach, this research selected three Islamic schools one each in the provinces of Pattani, Narathiwat and Yala selecting their principals, teachers, and students as informants. The findings suggest that the principals, in their planning activities, tend to think strategically for the benefit of their schools, their students, and the community at large, that they are willing to compromise with the government so long as not contradicting their religious beliefs and principles, and that they have a strong vision for the school improvement. Under difficult conditions, they always consider the need to establish immediate and more extensive cooperation with various stakeholders to help further improve the school conditions and their output.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i2.460
Islamic Clicktivism: Internet, Democracy and Contemporary Islamist Activism in Surakarta
No full textSince the collapse of the New Order regime, social development has led Indonesia to become a more democratic and modern than any other Muslim majority countries. The development of democracy in Indonesia has also seen the proliferation of modern Islamist activism online. This form of cyber activism, named here as Islamic “clicktivism,” has a discursive function. This paper examines how the proliferation of a cyber Islamist movement can be related to ongoing democratization in Indonesia. It was found that Islamic clicktivism has emerged in the process of democratization, modernization and globalization. Clicktivism encourages members of Islamist groups to adopt the principles and logic of the pillars of democracy, and to perpetuate their struggle and promote their existence during the development of democracy in Indonesia. Through their clicktivism, they bring the discursive voices of Islamism democratically to national issues in the common interest of Indonesians.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i3.485
The Quranic Exegesis, Reformism, and Women in Twentieth Century Indonesia
No full textThe paper examines the process of idea formation and intellectual roots of al-Manār reform in the field of tafsīr and the transmission of its ideas through the tafsīr work of Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah, also known as Hamka (d.1981). It argues that Hamka internalized al-Manār reform in his writings, particularly in his seminal exegetical work, Tafsir al-Azhar. This paper studies Hamka’s interpretation of the Qur’anic verses and passages related to women, such as: equality in marriage and divorce, gender equality, polygamy, and modesty. Hamka exhibited originality and creativity within a Southeast Asian context in interpreting these verses related to women’s issues. His writing also synthesized and manifested the symbiotic links between past exegetical approaches and modern ones. The result was an interpretation of the Quran that speaks to the Southeast Asian indigenous Muslim culture, while being firmly rooted within the Islamic intellectual tradition and modernist reform.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i3.518
The Acculturation Strategy of the Tabut Community in Bengkulu
No full textThis research examines the acculturation strategy of the Tabut community, a minority group in Bengkulu. Acculturation occurs when two or more cultures meet, and the purpose of an acculturation of an acculturation strategy is to harmonize the contact. According to the Berry perspective, there are four strategies that groups or individuals can apply during acculturation. These are: integration, separation, assimilation, and marginalization. Most cultures in Indonesia, physical or non-physical, have been formed through an acculturation process. The Tabut tradition in Bengkulu is an example of a non-physical cultural process of acculturation. The Tabut came to Bengkulu from Punjab hundreds of years ago, and the long process of acculturation has occurred within the community and through their traditions. An integration strategy has been used by the Tabut community to preserve their heredity. In this context integration means maintaining the original culture and perceived cultural contact.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i3.431
Membaca Populisme Islam Model Baru
No full textVedi R. Hadiz, Islamic Populism in Indonesia and the Middle East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. x + 228pp.This book wants to illustrate the compatibility of democracy with Islam. Under certain circumstances, it could be happened when alliances of marginalized classes unite in one shade under the banner of Islam. Focussing on Muslims in Indonesia, Egypt, and Turkey, Vedi R. Hadiz tries to see the process of Islamic populism formulation. This book elaborates more deeply the relationship between democratization, socio-economic change and the unbearable desire of globalization that has an impact on the evolution of the Muslim community’s struggle on those countries. By emphasizing the economic-political and socio-historical perspectives, the important point to be conveyed by Vedi that the motivation of the group interests and the economic advantages, to some extent, can give birth to the political power of Islam in the midst of society, rather than the ideology and the teachings of religion itself. Hence, basically, there is nothing that distinguishes Islamic political phenomena from the general political phenomenon. Finally, this book is important to read by those who want to get the latest framework in explaining the current development of Islamic Populism.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i2.570
Rafet Bey: The Last Ottoman Consul in Batavia during the First World War 1911-1924
No full textThis paper will investigate a brief intellectual history of Rafet Bey, an Ottoman statesman who was appointed as consul-general in Batavia in the early twentieth century. In this paper, intellectual and global history will be the main approach to analyze relations between the Ottomans and the Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) in the early twentieth century, especially during the First World War. The appointment of Rafet Bey as Ottoman consul in Batavia coincided with a moment of strength for the Dutch East Indies, after conquering Aceh and other Indonesian regions. On the other hand, the emergence of the Armenian question also caused some difficulties in Ottoman foreign policy at the time. In short, a brief intellectual biography of Rafet Bey is important because it allows deeper analysis on Ottoman- Indonesia relations in the early twentieth century.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i1.368
Cross Cultural Educational Exchanges between Indonesia and Japan
No full textCurrently, Japan has become a country which has a big influence especially in South East Asia. They actively build bilateral and multilateral cooperation with other countries like establishing the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) in August 1974. The cooperation has involved many sectors such as technology, politics, economy, social affairs and culture.On the ASEAN stage, Japan is actively promoting its culture to ASEAN countries, including Indonesia. One major program is “Pesantren Leaders’ Visit to Japan”. The program is a cooperation between the Japanese Embassy and the Center for the Study of Islam and Society (PPIM), UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, which has run from 2004 until now.In the program, the Japanese Government every year invites several religious education leaders in Indonesia to observe the social and culture dynamics of the Japanese. Not only that, they are also invited to visit some schools, government offices, small and medium enterprises in Japan to see the latest productivity developments, including the problems and challanges they have in many sectors. As a result of its ongoing work, this bilateral program has produced a cross-cultural network and inter-faith dialogue among Islamic schools in Indonesia and Japan.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i1.515
Syaikh Dā’ūd al-Faṭānī dan Hubungan Mekah-Asia Tenggara: Jaringan Intelektual, Transmisi Islam dan Rekonstruksi Sosio-Moral
No full textFrancis R. Bradley. 2016. Forging Islamic Power and Place: The Legacy of Shaykh Dā’ūd ‘Abd Allāh al-Faṭānī in Mecca and Southeast Asia. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. 212 pp.This book presents the discussion on Malay Muslim of Patani in southern Thailand today. Taking the social and intellectual life of the father of Patani ‘ulama, Syaikh Dā’ūd ‘Abd Allāh al-Faṭānī (1769-1847), as the main subject of research, this book reveals an important period of Patani history when intellectual activities, centred in Mecca, were transformed into social and moral power for their revival in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The fall of Patani kingdom into the Siamese power in 1786 led the rise of new elites coming from religious circles, the ‘ulama. Under the influence of Syaikh Dā’ūd al-Faṭānī, the ‘ulama engaged in intellectual network and transmission of currently Meccan-based discourses, mainly those in the works of Syaikh Dā’ūd al-Faṭānī, to Patani and Malay peninsula. And this process was strengthened with the rise of pondok, traditional Islamic learning centre, providing the Muslims of Patani with new social and cultural capital for their struggle for identity in the courses of development.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i3.621