Studia Islamika
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Tadābīr al-dawlah al-‘Uthmānīyah li ḥalli al-qaḍāyā al-mu’aqqadah li ḥujjāj al-Jāwī 1849–1916: Dirāsat fī ḍaw’i wathā’iq al-Arshīf al-Uthmānī
No full textThis article examines the challenges faced by hajj pilgrims from the Malay world and the efforts of the Ottoman Empire to accommodate them amidst the intervention of Dutch and British colonial powers in the 19th century. Utilizing documents sourced from the Ottoman Archives of the Presidency of the Republic of Turkey in Istanbul from 1849 to 1916 CE and employing historical research methods, this study delves into the economic dimensions of the Hajj during the late colonial period in Indonesia and the declining years of the Ottoman Empire. The article reveals the socio-economic difficulties experienced by Muslims from the Malay world in performing the Hajj due to exploitation by colonial powers and local government elites in the Hijaz region at that time. Although the documents indicate efforts by the Ottoman government to ensure the comfort of the pilgrims and prevent abuse of authority by local and colonial governments, it did not fully resolve the chaos in the Hajj implementation system at that time. These situations caused by Ottoman limitations in the global political arena and inflamed by their involvement in World War I
Documenting the Half-Century Evolution of Islamic Education Research: A Probabilistic Topic Modeling Study of the Literature from 1970 to 2023
No full textIn this systematic literature review, I used Correlated Topic Modeling (CTM), a machine learning technique, to analyze 1,116 Scopus-indexed documents on Islamic education spanning 54 years (1970-2023). I identified 19 topics grouped into four thematic clusters: Foundational Concepts and Methods, Social Issues, Teaching and Learning, and Education Systems and Settings. My main argument is that Islamic education is inherently interdisciplinary, encompassing history, philosophy, leadership, policy, citizenship, gender, and technology. While some topics, like education history and values education, have seen consistent focus, others, such as citizenship, education policy, and student learning, remain underexplored. My analysis reveals the field’s adaptability to societal and technological changes. Particularly, I discuss the implications for Southeast Asia’s Islamic education, which has balanced modernization and national policies with global trends. By pioneering machine learning applications in this field, this review uncovers new research directions and demonstrates the potential of large-scale text analysis for Islamic education scholarship
al-Ḥarāk al-ṣūfī wa al-daʿwah al-insānīyyah fī Indūnīsīyā: Ḥālah al-Ḥabīb Abī Bakr al-ʿAṭṭās al-Zabīdī
No full textStudies on Ba'alawi preachers in Indonesia have predominantly focused on popular figures who utilize new media and popular culture in their preaching to appeal to young Muslims. However, there has been a lack of attention given to Ba'alawi preachers who avoid publicity and prioritize humanitarian activities. This article examines the case of Ḥabīb Abū Bakr al-‘Aṭṭās al-Zabīdī (popularly known as Abuya/My Father by his followers), who has garnered a significant following across several Indonesian provinces. His followers regard him as a generous, peace-oriented Sufi who not only advocates for spreading peace and kindness but also embodies these values through humanitarian acts towards those in need, regardless of their religion or ethnicity. This article explores his mobility in business and da'wah across Indonesia and analyzes the methods he uses to distribute charities and empower Muslim communities. The case of Habib Abubakar demonstrates that Sufism transcends mere individual asceticism and detachment from worldly possessions; rather, its spiritual essence is manifested through active involvement in social and humanitarian affairs
The Rise of Tahfiz Schools in Contemporary Indonesia
Full text linkThis article discusses the rise of tahfiz schools in contemporary Indonesia which were pioneered by the Salafis and PKS-affiliated groups (PAGs). While tahfiz has been preserved for centuries among traditionalist Muslims, the tahfiz schools the Salafis and the PAGS promoted were integrated into school systems that also offer sciences. As a result, tahfiz schools are popular among urban Muslims who expect their children to be able to read the Holy Quran better while at the same time equipping them with sciences. This allows them to enroll at public universities. Even though tahfiz schools are relatively expensive, they never lacked students. Small, middle-size, and large tahfiz schools have been established across the country and exclusive tahfiz schools are equipped with libraries, gyms, computer labs, laundry facilities, cafés, and theatres. These facts have changed the long-established image of madrasa and Islamic schools which were seen as rural and poorly organized. The commodification of Islam is eventually inevitable and tahfiz schools have become an integral part of this process. They have become an important political issue since the 2010s
What Drives Anti-Shia Framing in Indonesia?
No full textAs a global phenomenon, the Anti-Shia movement in Indonesia is damaging the moderate characteristics of Indonesian Islam. Even though previous literature showed the role of state actors in Anti-Shia movement in Muslim-majority countries and uncovered religious, economic, and political causes, this current study focused on Anti-Shia framing and the contributing factors. Furthermore, fieldwork and library studies on MIUMI (the Indonesian Council of Young Intellectuals and Ulama) and ANNAS (National Anti-Shia Alliance) showed Shia was framed as a heretical sect and a source of conflict in Muslim society. To address this issue, a nationally applied fatwa and the prohibition of Shia organizations, institutes, and foundations were required, in addition to exercising jihad against Shia. This was due to interconnected factors between religious ideology, majoritarian mindset, and perceived threat. Therefore, cultural and socio-psychological dimensions were significant in social movement studies
Forced Marriage and Sex Trafficking under the Guise of Nikah Siri in Indonesia
Full text linkProstitution, forced marriage, and sex trafficking have long been practiced in the Puncak area of West Java, Indonesia. The practice is condoned not only by the surrounding community but also by state officials. This paper resulted from our field research, interviews, and observation in the Puncak area. In addition, it includes an extensive literature review, which encompasses the study of Indonesian and international law regulation, academic writing, and media reports. This paper seeks to uncover the reasons why the practices of sex trafficking and forced marriage are tolerated and what has led to this approval. By dwelling on legal, historical, and anthropological studies, this paper argues that the practices are tolerated because they hide behind a thick veil of cultural-religious justification and are obscured by legal tricks/stratagems, which we call 'trafficking framing.' This framing conceals and camouflages sex trafficking and forced marriage under accepted legal-cultural practices. This paper seeks to uncover the veil of trafficking framing and reveal that the practice of secret marriage (nikah siri) in Puncak is nothing but sex trafficking
The Scribe of Sufi-Philosophical Letters: Shaykh Yūsuf of Makassar’s Formative Decades (1640s-1660s) in Arabia and Syria
No full textThis article addresses the circumstances surrounding Shaykh Yūsuf’s pursuit of knowledge, which involved traveling overseas via India to study and teach in Ottoman Arabia and Syria. The article’s main objective is to focus on the period during which Shaykh Yūsuf played an intellectual role as a scribe in Aleppo, Damascus, and Medina between the 1650s and the 1660s. This will be achieved by utilizing the manuscript collections at the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, the Firestone Library of Princeton University, and the National Library of Indonesia, in addition to other archival evidence. These underexplored manuscripts will provide a more comprehensive account of Shaykh Yūsuf’s Arabian years, which I contend were a pivotal period in his intellectual development. Moreover, this period offers an additional perspective on the dissemination of knowledge from the post-Timurid intellectual tradition, which was oriented towards the advancement of theological-philosophical sciences, and which became prevalent in Medina before being disseminated in the second half of the seventeenth century
Maintaining Life Under Neoliberal Capitalism: A Case Study of Muslimah Laborers in Solo Raya, Indonesia
No full textIn the context of Muslim-majority Indonesia, we see the strengthening of Islamic piety as a response to the reorganization of people’s daily lives under neoliberal imperatives. Our study investigates how the often-overlooked Muslimah laborers in the historical locality of Solo Raya navigate their public and domestic spaces to fulfil distinctive gendered roles. They resort to organized labor movements to fight for workers’ rights and realize the imagination of working-class solidarity, while donning hijabs and negotiating curfews from their male guardians. They also play caregiving roles to parents, children, and husbands; filling the deficiency of basic social and health services they demand from the state, while ensuring security in the afterlife, which is not achievable in their material one. The pious common sense can impinge on the collective wills of the workers to challenge the neoliberal structures that shape experiences of marginalization. But it is no less meaningful in maintaining life (and being resilient) in an increasingly unfair socio-economic world
Mencari Peran Islam Politik dalam Demokrasi Indonesia
No full textThis article reviews Diego Fossati’s (2022) Unity through Division: Political Islam, Representation and Democracy in Indonesia. The book attempts to answer why Indonesians have become increasingly satisfied with democracy despite their country’s democratic decline in recent years. The book answers the question by focusing on an overlooked aspect of democratic practice in Indonesia, namely political representation. This book argues that the ideological division between pluralism and Islamism has profound implications for substantive representation, partisanship, and public understanding of democracy. In summary, the division over political Islam has contributed to the meaning of political participation, the consolidation of the legitimacy of democratic institutions in the eyes of Indonesians, and the eventual maintenance of democracy in Indonesia. Overall, this book provides a nuanced account of the role political Islam plays in Indonesian politics, especially with respect to ideological representation and a discussion on a democratic decline in Indonesian politics
Disability and Islamic Law in Indonesia: Beyond the Rukhṣah
No full textIn the past decade, Indonesia has witnessed a surge in interest in exploring the intersection of Islam and disabilities. This trend began with a seminar at UIN Sunan Kalijaga in 2011, leading to numerous research initiatives and publications, culminating in the publication of separate Fikih Difabel by three prominent Islamic institutions. However, these works often treat disabilities as exceptions, relying heavily on exceptions (rukhṣah) rather than developing comprehensive solutions that integrate people with disabilities as full and equal members of the community. This article examines the approaches and limitations of those three Fikih Difabel and proposes a more inclusive Fikih Difabel. It advocates adoption a holistic paradigm encompassing approach, definitions, methods, and accessibility, emphasizing the need to move beyond the rukhṣah. Employing a contextual discussion on ṭahārah to illustrate my proposed approach, this article aims to encourage a more practical and comprehensive framework for addressing disabilities within fiqh in Indonesia