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EVALUATION OF THE CULTURE PERFORMANCE OF VANNAMEI SHRIMP (LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI) IN AN INTENSIVE FERMENTATION-BASED SYSTEM OF CV 58 IN NORTH BALI
Full text linkIntensive vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farming using a fermentation-based system offers an innovative solution to environmental management and production efficiency. This study was conducted over one cultivation cycle (80 days) in six ponds operated by CV Tambak 58, North Bali, integrating periodic probiotic fermentation. Key parameters evaluated included growth (ABW, ADG), feed efficiency (FCR), survival rate (SR), water quality, and microbiological stability. Results showed high productivity (up to 2.53 kg/m²), low FCR (1.13–1.40), and SR >85%, accompanied by stable planktonic and microbial communities. These findings indicate that fermentation-based systems reduce environmental stress and disease risks while enhancing the sustainability of intensive shrimp aquacultur
EFFECT OF SALINITY ON SPECIFIC GROWTH RATE AND CANNIBALISM OF TAMBAQUI (Colossoma macropomum) JUVENILES IN A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT
Full text linkThe objective of this study was to analyze the effect of salinity on the reduction of cannibalism in tambaqui juveniles and their specific growth rate. The study lasted for 35 days. The research method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment with two treatments and six replications. The treatments were (A) no salinity and (B) salinity at 5 ppt. The parameters observed in this study were specific growth rate, survival rate, cannibalism, and water quality. The results showed that using 5 ppt salinity (B) reduced cannibalism in tambaqui juveniles, while specific growth rate and survival rate did not differ significantly between treatments. Keywords: Tambaqui, cannibalism, salinity, survival rate
THE GOBY FISH COLLECTION IN THE WATERSHED AREA OF TOLITOLI, CENTRAL SULAWESI, INDONESIA
Full text linkCentral Sulawesi has a diverse diversity of ichthyofauna. Gobies are one type of fish abundant in fresh water and can be found from the upstream to the downstream of the river. The abundance and information on the types of gobies are still limited in several rivers in Central Sulawesi. Tolitoli Regency is one of the areas that still has minimal information on the diversity of gobies, so it is necessary to research collecting gobies in the watershed in Tolitoli Regency. The research was conducted from July 2020 to December 2020 in the watershed of Baolan District (Dadakitan Village, Buntuna Village, and Tambun Village), Tolitoli, Central Sulawesi. The sampling locations in the watershed are divided into 3 parts, namely the upstream, middle, and downstream. Gobies were collected using the pore sampling method by preparing eight observation stations. Specimens were collected using nets (size 20 x 20 cm) with the method of catching against the current. The caught fish were kept in a mini aquarium and then documented using a digital camera. Furthermore, the fish were preserved using 70% alcohol for identification. The results of the study showed that the collection of goby fish in the Tolitoli watershed, Central Sulawesi, was found to be 408 individuals consisting of 4 families (Butidae, Eleotridae, Gobiidae, Oxudercidae), 12 genera (Butis, Oxyeleotris, Belobranchus, Eleotris, Giuris, Redigobius, Awaous, Lentipes, Stiphodon, Sicyopus, Sicyopterus), and 16 species (Butis sp., Redigobius sp., Sicyopterus sp., Stiphodon semoni, Stiphodon sp., Awaous sp., Belobranchus sp., Schismatogobius sp.1, Schismatogobius sp.2, Eleotris fusca, Oxyeleotris sp., Giuris sp., Sicyopus zosterophorus, Sicyopus sp.1, Sicyopus sp.2, Lentipes sp.). The highest abundance of goby fish species in the Tolitoli Watershed is Stiphodon semoni (47,79%). Keywords: Amphidromus, sustainability, aquatic organisms
ANALYSIS OF THE ADDITION OF COMMERCIAL ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS AT DIFFERENT DOSES ON THE GROWTH RATE AND SURVIVAL RATE OF BARRAMUNDI (Lates calcarifer)
Full text linkBarramundi (Lates calcarifer) is a euryhaline carnivorous fish species. The nursery phase often poses a major challenge in its aquaculture development. Common issues at this stage include stress-prone fry, feed residues that degrade water quality, high stocking densities, disease outbreaks, and low feed quality, which can lead to nutrient deficiencies and mortality. A potential solution is supplementing feed with commercial organic sulfur compounds. These compounds are chemical groups containing sulfur atom chains and naturally occur in garlic. This research uses an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of 4 treatments and repeated 3 times. The treatments consisted of P0 (Control), P1 (Commercial organic sulfur compounds at 1 ml/kg), P2 (Commercial organic sulfur compounds at 3 ml/kg), P3 (Commercial organic sulfur compounds at 5 ml/kg). The experiment was conducted over 25 days. Data analysis was performed using One Way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test. The results showed that barramundi (L. calcarifer) fed with P1 (1 ml/kg organic sulfur compound supplementation) exhibited the best growth performance with absolute length growth (5.79 cm), absolute wight growth (4.96 g), specific growth rate (0,1985%). However, the supplementation had no significant effect on survival
SYMBIOTIC ASSOCIATIONS IN MARINE SPONGES
Full text linkThe characteristics of the sponge structure, homogenous, flexible, and simple, but pervaded by canals and their ability for filter-feeding, may facilitate development of intimate associations with other organisms. This study reviewed the described symbiotic associations between marine sponges and other organisms as well as among marine sponge species. Associations in marine sponges show a wide range of relationships with their symbionts. These can range from mutually beneficial, to commensal, to parasitic or pathogenic. Sponge species also vary in the types of symbionts they host from facultative sponge associates that also live in other sheltered habitats, to obligate sponge associates that occupy a variety of sponge species, to obligate specialists on particular sponge species. The associations can cause the morphological alteration of the symbionts and other adaptive behaviour. Observations of new and unique associations were also discussed
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF Bacillus sp. PROBIOTICS ON THE SURVIVAL RATE OF WHITE SNAPPER (Lates calcarifer) LARVAE
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the effect doses of Bacillus sp. Probiotics on the survival rate of white snapper (Lates calcarifer) larvae. The research was conducted at the Gondol Research Institute for Mariculture, Bali, over a 20-day period using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications: P0 (control, without probiotics), P1 (3 mg/L), and P2 (5 mg/L). Observed parameters included water quality (nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate, temperature, pH, salinity, DO), total bacterial count (TBC), survival rate (SR), larval length, and hatching rate (HR). The results showed that the administration of Bacillus sp. probiotics had a significant effect on the survival rate of white snapper larvae (p < 0.05). Based on ANOVA, there were significant differences in SR between treatments. The Bonferroni post hoc test revealed that treatment P2 (5 mg/L) was significantly different from both the control (P0) and P1 (3 mg/L), with P2 producing the highest average SR of 84%, compared to P1 at 70.3% and the control at 50.3%. Meanwhile, probiotic administration did not have a significant effect (p > 0.05) on water quality parameters or larval length. The highest larval length was also recorded in treatment P2, with an average of 1.5 cm on day 20. The use of probiotics contributed to the reduction of toxic compounds such as nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia, and helped stabilize the rearing water environment. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the administration of Bacillus sp. probiotics at a dose of 5 mg/L is the optimal dosage for improving the survival rate of white snapper larvae and maintaining the quality of the aquaculture environment
STRUCTURE OF THE MOLLUSK COMMUNITY IN THE INTERTIDAL ZONE OF TIRTAYASA BEACH, WAY TATAAN VILLAGE, TELUK BETUNG TIMUR DISTRICT, BANDAR LAMPUNG
Full text linkTirtayasa Beach is a coastal tourism attraction in Bandar Lampung City, located in Way Tataan Village, East Teluk Betung District. The waters of Tirtayasa Beach have significant tourism potential due to their natural beauty. However, a decline in water quality, caused by increased human activities and domestic waste input around the beach, has affected the physical, chemical, and biological conditions of the waters. Mollusks can serve as indicators of water quality. Therefore, the structure of the mollusk community can be used to assess the condition of these waters. This study aimed to evaluate the structure of mollusk populations and analyze the influence of water quality on mollusk communities in the intertidal zone of Tirtayasa Beach, East Teluk Betung District, Lampung. The selection of study locations/stations and observation points was carried out using the purposive sampling method. The mollusks identified in the waters of Tirtayasa Beach belong to two classes: Gastropoda and Bivalvia. The Gastropoda class, with eight species, dominated across the three stations, with Cerithium kobelti being the most prevalent species. The parameter that significantly affected mollusk abundance at Station 1 was pH. At Station 2, depth, brightness, dissolved oxygen (DO), and salinity were influential. At Station 3, total suspended solids (TSS) and temperature were the key influencing factors. Keywords: Abundance, biodiversity, evenness index, principal component analysis
THE EFFECT OF ADDING VITAMIN C TO COMMERCIAL FEED ON THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF CANTANG GROUPER FISH
Full text linkThis study was conducted to scientifically evaluate the effect of vitamin C supplementation in commercial feed on the growth performance and survival rate of cantang grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus), a high-value aquaculture commodity in Indonesia. The experimental design employed was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments: commercial feed without vitamin C (control), feed supplemented with 20,000 ppm of vitamin C, and feed supplemented with 40,000 ppm of vitamin C, each with three replicates. The key parameters observed included weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and survival rate (SR) of the fish during a 30-day rearing period. The results revealed that the addition of vitamin C to the commercial feed had a statistically significant effect on both weight gain and SGR (p < 0.05), where the 40,000 ppm treatment produced the highest mean weight gain (7.12 grams) and SGR value (0.0765%). Although survival rate did not differ significantly among treatments (p > 0.05), the group receiving 40,000 ppm of vitamin C still achieved the highest survival rate of 100%. Water quality parameters, including temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and ammonia, remained within optimal ranges throughout the experiment in accordance with marine aquaculture standards. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that vitamin C supplementation, particularly at a concentration of 40,000 ppm, is highly effective in promoting growth performance and maintaining high survival rates of cantang grouper under controlled aquaculture conditions
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF PROBIOTIC FEED IN CONVENTIONAL AND BIOFLOC CULTURE SYSTEMS ON THE GROWTH OF CATFISH (Clarias sp.)
Full text linkThis research was carried out to determine the effect of probiotic feed on the growth of catfish (Clarias sp.) in two different culture systems. This research was carried out for 30 days using a randomized block design method, namely K (conventional group) and B (biofloc group), each with 3 replications. The data studied were catfish growth, survival, feed conver-sion and feed efficiency. Data collection was carried out 3 times, namely at the beginning, middle and end of the research. Growth and survival data were tested using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test. The results showed that there were differences in catfish growth (P<0.05) in conventional and biofloc culture systems. The con-ventional group produced an average absolute weight of 5.9 grams and the biofloc group produced 6.3 grams. The absolute length of catfish in the conventional group averaged 10.1 cm and in the biofloc group it was 11.1 cm. Catfish survival data showed there was a significant difference (P<0.05). The survival value in the conventional group was 83%, while in the biofloc group it was 93.3%. The FCR value in the conventional group was 1.4 and in the biofloc group was 1.3. Catfish in the conventional group got a feed efficiency of 49% and in the biofloc group it was 51%.Keywords: Biofloc, Catfish, Conven-tional
THE LESSON LEARNED FROM MENTAWAI TSUNAMI, OCTOBER 25th, 2010
Full text linkThe Mentawai Tsunami, October 25th, 2010, was caused by collision between the Indian-Australian plate with the Eurasian plate that caused the fault in the Sunda subduction zone megathrust. Tsunami with magnitude 7.7 MW occurred at 21:42:22 pm which epicenter at 3.484oSL and 100.114oEL, 20.6 km depth in the Indian Ocean, 110 km from the North Pagai. Tsunami Mentawai, 2010 is started by an underwater earthquake and called as slow tsunami because the ground shaking is quite weak in long periods but produce great waves. Mentawai tsunami cesarean parameters are strike 325o, dip 11.62o and slip 101.4625o. This research aims to know the lesson learned of The Mentawai Tsunami. The impact is coastal degradation, i.e. loss of small islands, abrasion and mangrove degradation. The lessons learned are people should be aware of natural sign of tsunami, evacuate themselves to high places, avoid the inundation area, take the best decision based on situation. Tsunami mitigation must be implemented to save lives and minimize risks.Keywords: Mentawai Tsunami, tsunami impact, lesson learned