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Exploring the Role of the Frequency of Housework in Students' Academic Development: A Longitudinal Study from Hungary
Get PDFOur study examines the link between adolescents’ skills (mathematics, reading literacy, and physical fitness) and the frequency with which they participate in housework. We utilize a large longitudinal dataset of Hungarian adolescents (N = 37,461), making this, to our knowledge, the first European study on this topic. We use a rich set of background variables and fixed effects estimators to account for time-varying and time-invariant individual characteristics. Contrary to most of the literature we find cognitive skills to have no practically significant relationship with housework frequency. This discrepancy can be attributed to methodological choices (i.e., the use of the fixed effects estimator) or sociocultural differences in housework duties between the regions studied. Investigating heterogeneous effects on cognitive skills, we find girls’ literacy scores to be slightly affected by daily housework (-.02 SD), unlike boys’. The difference is more pronounced for children with highly educated parents and working mothers (-.06 SD). Substantially lower mathematics scores are detected for children who almost never participate in housework and have unemployed mothers (-.19 SD). Children who have chores to do almost every day and whose mothers are on parental leave also show signs of worsened mathematics ability (-.1 SD). Fitness levels of students who rarely engage in housework are significantly lower (-.04 SD), suggesting that some participation in household tasks contributes to physical well-being. This effect is pronounced for children of tertiary-educated parents (-.05 SD). Overall, findings suggest that household chores are cognitively neutral for most adolescents, have small physical-fitness benefits when performed in moderation, and become academically detrimental only at the extremes within specific family contexts
Plans and policies framework for enhancing the energy efficiency in the agriculture sector
No full textAgriculture plays a vital role in the economy by providing agricultural products. To produce these products, a huge amount of energy is used when traditional approaches are employed and pose adverse impacts on the environment. Therefore, there is a need to shift from nonrenewable resources to renewable resources to minimize the negative impacts of greenhouse gases and assist in attaining sustainability in agriculture. The promotion and adoption of energy-efficient policies along with technological advancement are very important to enhance agricultural yield, productivity, and quality for sustainable agriculture production. The efficient use of available resources and renewable energy-based technology can improve agriculture productivity. The energy demands for more food production could exploit all available resources and result in the high costs of fuels which could further impact fertilizer costs as well due to fluctuations in the energy market. Therefore, it is necessary to devise and implement certain policies to produce agricultural products with efficient energy but with minimum harm to the environment. The implementation of energy-efficient policies requires educational training, a promotion at different levels of government or private sector levels, and the provision of financial incentives to initiate the use of renewable energy technology and facilitate the public, especially local farmers. In addition, there is still a need for policy development and implementation in agriculture regarding sensor-based input management technologies, solar-based tractors, farm equipment, and other low-input requiring technology to adopt and use renewable energy sources for agricultural sustainability. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Solvent specific evaporation properties from the surface of carbon nanotube buckypapers doped by hydrophilic 1D nanomaterials
No full textNon-functionalized carbon nanotube based self-supporting buckypaper doped by hydrophilic imogolite nanotube was prepared as a first step. This novel composite was characterized by SEM with EDX and was studied comprehensively to determine the wetting and evaporation processes. The wetting and vaporization of 5 μL drops from acetone, water, methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol were monitored at 51 °C in parallel by mass (m) and electrical resistance (R) measurements as well as by thermography. The mass loss curves and the evaporation profiles (determined from R measurements) are characteristic for the vaporizing fluids. Pearson correlation coefficients method was used to describe the relationship between the physical properties of the liquids and the parameters characteristic for the vaporization determined from the m and R measurements. These relationships are promising for a potential analytical application. Solvent specific evaporation properties of carbon nanotube buckypapers doped by different hydrophilic 1D nanomaterials were characterized as a second step. The results were compared for the prepared layered structured buckypaper doped by imogolite nanotube and for a mixed structured buckypaper doped by goethite nanowire. Wetting and vaporization process of water was described for both composites by the simultaneous analysis of the thermography, m and R measurements. The presence of hydrophilic 1D nanomaterials changed the evaporation profiles characteristic for the liquids and for the doping materials, which shows the power of the used method. © 2025 Elsevier B.V
Soft and hard tissue grafting in immediate implant therapy: a narrative review
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: Immediate implant placement in the esthetic zone presents challenges in maintaining peri-implant tissues due to post-extraction remodeling. Bone grafting has been proposed to support tissue preservation and improve esthetic outcomes. This article reviews the role of grafting in clinical studies and case reports. Materials and Methods: A literature search on PubMed and Google Scholar identified studies focusing on immediate implant placement with grafting. The search strategy included articles from 2012 to 2025, in English, from peer-reviewed journals. Results: Implant survival is possible without grafting in ideal cases, but grafting is often essential in patients with thin biotypes or esthetic demands. Technique and material selection are critical. The socket shield technique shows promise in preserving buccal tissues despite its complexity. Case reports demonstrated stable soft tissues and favorable esthetic outcomes. Conclusions: Grafting should be tailored to the clinical situation. While not always necessary, it is often crucial in compromised sites to ensure long-term esthetic success. Current literature supports predictable outcomes with appropriate grafting protocols
Fenntartható, digitális és ellenálló piac építése az Európai Unióban, a zöld demokráciák tükrében
Get PDFA 2015 és 2030 közötti időszakra vonatkozóan, az ENSZ által meghirdetett fenntarthatósági program (SDG) integráns részét képezi a zöld, fenntartható települések építése (SDG11). Az Európai Unió (EU) az egyik fő letéteményese és támogatója a célkitűzések megvalósításának. A fenntartható településekkel kapcsolatos célkitűzés hatékony megvalósítása különösen fontos, tekintve, hogy az EU-ban 332 millió ember, az EU lakosságának csaknem háromnegyede él urbanizált környezetben, ebből csaknem 40% városban. Továbbá, az EU által meghatározott zöld átállás olyan alternatívák közötti választásokat jelent, amelyek között a digitális megoldások nélkülözhetetlenek. Ugyanakkor a digitalizáció, ideértve a mesterséges intelligencia alkalmazását, erőforrás-igényes és jelentős környezeti hatásokkal jár. Az Európai Unió által elfogadott „Európai digitális egységes piaci stratégia” mérföldkő volt a fenntartható, digitális és ellenálló piac létrehozásában. Jelen tanulmány keretei között az EU által meghirdetett „digitális egységes piac” fenntarthatósági vonatkozásait vizsgálom. A kutatásnak a zöld demokráciák adnak keretet, amely tekintetben az EU erőfeszítéseit veszem górcső alá, különösen a klímareziliencia és a zöld települések építése szempontjából. További kérdésként merülnek fel a digitális megoldások környezeti hatása és azok társadalmi támogatottsága. A kutatás jelentős hangsúlyt fektet a vonatkozó nemzetközi mutatók és az EU által elfogadott programok összegző megjelenítésére.Kulcsszavak: fenntartható fejlődés, klímareziliencia, zöld átállás, zöld demokráciák, digitalizáci
Social skills development in children aged 4–8 years
Get PDFThe primary goal of this study was to examine children’s social skills (SS) development by comparing various factors (countries, genders, and age groups). Additionally, this study aimed to analyze how background variables predict the ongoing development of children’s SS. The study involved a total of 3050 Hungarian-speaking children (4–8 years of age) residing in Hungary and Slovakia. First, we investigated measurement invariance (MI) and Latent mean difference (LMD) of the SS assessment test (a part of the DIFER test – Diagnostic Systems for Assessing Development) to assess school readiness in Hungarian preschool children. The findings showed that the SS assessment test is reliable and consistent across different groups of Hungarian preschool children, as it demonstrated MI across all four levels (configural, metric, scalar, and residual) and significant LMD. It was also found that children from Hungary demonstrated superior SS when compared to their counterparts from Slovakia. Furthermore, the analysis of gender revealed that female students exhibited more advanced SS than male students. Additionally, older children displayed significantly higher levels of SS compared to younger children within their respective age groups. Although parental education emerged as a significant predictor of children’s SS development across the entire sample, distinct variations were observed when analyzing each country separately. In both countries, the gender and age of students were identified as highly significant factors contributing to their SS development. Therefore, this study carries substantial importance for educators and researchers alike, offering valuable insights into the assessment and cultivation of students’ SS development
