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Electrical bioimpedance spectroscopy as a tool for non-destructive monitoring nitrogen supply in two lettuce genotypes
Get PDFRisk of evolution driven population-wide emergence of mpox: The paradoxic effect of moderate interventions
Get PDFArcadia italiana: musica e arte: Il programma di Ferenc Kazinczy per rinnovare la poesia in Ungheria [Italian Arcadia: Music and Art: Ferenc Kazinczy's Program for Renewing Poetry in Hungary]
Get PDFConvection-driven mixing inside microdroplets
Get PDFDroplet generators represent a fast-growing area of microfluidics, since each volume of the dispersed phase functions as an individual microreactor, therefore they offer high throughput and reduced sample consumption. By injecting the dispersed phases containing the reactants, the mixing can be tuned separately, thus a higher control over reactions inside the droplets is achievable. The numerical investigation of such multi-phase and multi-component systems proposes various challenges, since the concentrations of species also depend on the distribution of phases. In this article, we investigate the concentration distribution of the species in microfluidic droplet generators both experimentally and theoretically. Besides the characterization of the distribution of the dispersed and continuous phases, we have also studied the effect of injection rates on mixing inside the droplets. The size of the droplets decreases on increasing the flow rate of the oil phase and increases on increasing the flow rate of water phase compared to the oil phase. The numerical analysis based on solving the Navier–Stokes equation with volume-of-fluid method including a diffusive component in the aqueous phase corroborated the experimental findings. Furthermore, by determining the contribution of various transport processes to mixing of reactants inside the dispersed phases, we have shown that convection is dominant inside the droplets for all parameters used. © 2025 The Author
The Art in Monuments : Challenges and Opportunities of Aesthetics and Criticality in Public Memory
No full textRepresentational Competence in Science Learning: A Systematic Review
Get PDFRepresentational competence is one of the essential competence to learn science concepts. When students achieve high representational competence, they can begin to transform external representations into internal representations, which improves performance on visual tasks, memory tasks, and cognitive problem-solving in science learning. Although the theoretical effectiveness of representational competence in science learning is well-established, empirical evidence remains limited, and findings are inconsistent. This systematic review aims to examine studies investigating representational competence across various characteristics, including science fields, countries, participants, topics, and assessment methods. Out of 211 records, 67 studies were selected for qualitative assessment. The results reveal that representational competence has been studied in diverse contexts, with a range of assessments used to evaluate students’ competence in science. However, further research is needed to identify the factors influencing students' representational competence and their impact on learning achievement in science
The effectiveness of second- and-third-line biologics in perianal Crohn’s disease—a multicenter propensity score-matched study
No full textBACKGROUND & AIMS: Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (anti-TNFs) are the established treatment for perianal Crohn's disease (pCD), but relapse and non-response are common. Data on 2nd- and 3rd-line biologics are limited. We present the first direct comparison of 2nd - and 3rd -line biologics in pCD patients with active perianal disease previously treated with 1st-line anti-TNFs.; METHODS: A multicenter retrospective cohort study included adult patients with pCD who failed 1st-line anti-TNF. The primary outcome was clinical perianal response, with secondary outcomes of radiological response (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] or transrectal ultrasound [TRUS]) and healing, and clinical remission. Propensity-score matching (PSM) was used to adjust for baseline differences.; RESULTS: A total of 486 pCD patients from 23 IBD centers were included, with 333/486 (68.5%) and 216/263 (82.1%) matched by PSM in the 2nd and 3rd -line treatment groups, respectively. In the 2nd -line group, 62/78 (79.5%) of ustekinumab (UST)-treated patients achieved clinical perianal response, compared to 46/78 (58.9%) with vedolizumab (VDZ) (OR 4.47, 95% CI 1.94-10.28, p<0.001) and 38/78 (48.7%) with anti-TNFs (OR 5.29, 95% CI 2.39-11.71, p<0.001). In the 3rd-line group, 38/49 (77.6%) of UST-treated patients achieved clinical perianal response, compared to 29/49 (59.2%) with VDZ (OR 9.96, 95% CI 2.6-38.4, p<0.001) and 27/49 (55.1%) with anti-TNFs (OR 12.03, 95% CI 2.99-48.47, p<0.001). UST-treated patients also had higher radiological response rates than VDZ (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.07-10.07, p=0.038).; CONCLUSION: In pCD patients failing anti-TNFs as 1st-line treatment, ustekinumab may be more effective than vedolizumab or another anti-TNFs as 2nd or 3rd-line therapy. © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Crohns and Colitis Organisation. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected] for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our sitefor further information please contact [email protected]
Spark Ablation-Generated Nanoparticles on Filter Paper: A 3D SERS Platform for Cost-Effective and Rapid Thiram Sensing
Get PDFSurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a highly specific technique for identifying the contents of an unknown sample. It is based on the plasmonic enhancement provided by a nanostructured surface called a SERS substrate. The enhancement is heavily influenced by the geometric features of the substrate, which can be manipulated through the fabrication of the nanostructure. Here, we propose a fabrication method that uses nanoparticles synthesized in the gas phase through spark ablation; the generated particles are deposited onto filter papers, forming 3D SERS active nanostructures along the depth of the filter. The SERS properties of the structure can be tuned through the configuration of the experimental properties: we present how the spark frequency and the compaction temperature can be used to affect the size and shape of the generated nanoparticles and how the choice of filter affects the overall SERS enhancement. The fabricated SERS substrates were then used to detect a widely used pesticide: thiram. Using our substrates, the direct detection of 1.2 ppm thiram was feasible. We also proposed a deep-learning-based scheme, with which even lower concentrations-in between 0.03 and 0.48 ppm-could be distinguished, with an accuracy of 94.44%
