Indonesian Journal of Urology
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THE EFFECT OF THE DURATION OF INHALED NICOTINE EXPOSURE TO THE NUMBER OF LEYDIG, SPERMATOGONIUM, AND SERTOLI CELLS ON THE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY STRAIN WHITE RATS
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the differences of the number of Leydig, spermatogonium, and Sertoli cells in mice, after being given nicotine inhalation, and the effect of recovery when nicotine stopped. Materials & Methods: This is experimental studies with a post-test only control group design. The sample used was 36 adult male mice (10-12 weeks) (Rattus Norvegicus) Sprague-Dawley strain, which were divided into three groups. P1 group was given nicotine inhalation at a dose of 4 mg/kg/day for 15 days, P2 group was given nicotine inhalation at a dose of 4 mg/kg/day for 15 days and was free of treatment for 15 days. The control group (NC) has no treatment at all. Histological examination and calculation of Sertoli cells, Leydig cell, and spermatogonium were processed within 1 hour after terticular sample collection. Then carried out to statistical analysis. 100x and 400x magnification is used to obtain the histopathological. Results: Post-hoc LSD test for each variable (Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and spermatogonium), showed that the NC group had a significantly higher number compared to group P1. P2 group has a significantly higher number compared to group P1. There is no significant difference between the NC group and the P2 group. There was a structural difference in the sample testicles which exposed to nicotine. Conclusion: Nicotine exposure with a dose of 4 mg/kg/day for 15 days has a significant effect on decreasing the number of Leydig cells, spermatogonium cells, and Sertoli cells in rats and giving a free-treatment period for 15 days, giving the testis time to do recovery and regeneration (the reversible damage of testicular structure)
THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN E (α-TOCOPHEROL) ADMINISTRATION ON GLOMERULUS AND PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULES DAMAGE WHICH RECEIVED CISPLATIN EXPOSURE ON SPRAGUE DAWLEY MICE
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the protective effect of Vitamin E on cisplatin toxicity in Sprague Dawley mice nephrons. Material & Methods: This is an experimental study using post-test only control group design, the subject was white male mice (Rattus Norvegicus) adult Sprague Dawley strain (10-12 weeks) of 24 rats divided into four groups. Negative control group (CN) got normal saline 0.9% intraperitoneal 1 cc, Positive control group (CP) got cisplatin 5 mg/kgBB, group P1 got vitamin E 50 mg/kgBB and Cisplatin 5 mg/kgBB, and P2 group got vitamin E 200 mg/kgBB plus cisplatin 5 mg/kgBB intraperitoneal. Cisplatin is conducted in the third week in each treatment group through intraperitoneal injection. Vitamin E is administrated per sonde for the first three weeks resumed on the fourth week to the seventh week. At the end of the seventh week, nephrectomy was performed on the treatment group to analyze the kidney damage. Histopathological observation is performed using a light microscope with a magnification of one hundred and four hundred times magnification. Results: Cisplatin administration resulted in significant tubular and glomerular damage compared to the control group. Increasing the dose of vitamin E in mice that received cisplatin resulted in significant nephron damage compared to the group who received cisplatin alone. Conclusion: Cisplatin administration results in nephrotoxicity in mice. The administration of high dose Vitamin E resulted in increased nephrotoxicity in mice that received cisplatin
PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH URINARY TRACT STONE AT UROLOGY DEPARTMENT OF SOETOMO GENERAL HOSPITAL SURABAYA IN JANUARY 2016-DECEMBER 2016
No full textObjective: To identify the profile of patients with urinary tract stones at the Urology Department of Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in January 2016-December 2016. Material & methods: This was descriptive retrospective research conducted at the Urology Department of Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. The data were obtained from medical records of patients diagnosed with urinary tract stone, with the amount of data collected was 62. The variables included were age, gender, address, main complaint, type and location of urinary tract stone. Results: The ratio of male:female among patients with urinary tract stone is 33:29. Most of the patients with urinary tract stone were aged 46-60 years old (52%), came with the main complaint of flank pain (79%), had the uric acid type of urinary tract stone (48%), and had urinary tract stone located at the kidneys (65%). Conclusion: Profile of patients with urinary tract stone at the Urology Department of Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya is as following: Ratio of male:female among patients with urinary tract stone is 33:29. Most of the patients with urinary tract stone were aged 46-60 years old, came with the main complaint of flank pain, had the uric acid type of urinary tract stone, and had urinary tract stone located at the kidneys
THE ROLE OF CYP17A1 IN ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE PROSTATE AT SARDJITO GENERAL HOSPITAL
No full textObjective: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship and role of CYP17A1 gene expression to androgen biosynthesis activity in prostate cancer patients. Material & Methods: The samples of this study are patients diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma based on histopathology examination who underwent TURP surgery at Sardjito General Hospital. A total of 30 samples were examined for PCR to determine the presence and absence of CYP17A1 gene expression. CYP17A1 gene expression was analyzed with the patient’s age, stage, organ metastasis, Gleason score, and PSA value. Results: Analysed using Chi-Square Tests, p=0.784 was obtained on expression of CYP17A1 gene with patient’s age, p=0.469 on expression of CYP17A1 gene with staging tumor, p=0.855 on expression of CYP17A1 gene with presence or absence of organ metastasis, p=0.059 on expression of CYP17A1 gene expression with total Gleason score, p=0.895 on expression of CYP17A1 gene with PSA value. Conclusion: There was no association between CYP17A1 gene expression and intratumoral androgen biosynthesis activity based on the patient’s age, patient’s clinical stage, organ metastasis, Gleason score, and PSA value
AN EXPERIENCE OF SUPINE PCNL ON BILATERAL STAGHORN AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Get PDFObjective: The aim of this article was to reports our experiences PCNL on ADPKD patients. Case(s) Presentation: We report the case of a 38-year-old male with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease associated with bilateral staghorn diseases. We performed a supine PCNL on left kidney. Discussion: ADPKD may arise sporadically, the developmental abnormality that resulting in multiple cysts, hypertension, hematuria, polyuria, plank pain, and are prone to reccurent urinary tract infection and renal stones. ADPKD is one most commonly genetics disorder than frequently results in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Population of ADPKD has a higher risk to have a nephrolithiasis, thus it may hastened the onset of ESRD. Open surgeries was one of treatment of choices of ADPKD with staghorn stones, but considering of high rates of morbidity. Recently there’s consistent switching the trend on minimal invasive treatment such as ESWL and PCNL. Conclusion: PCNL may considered as an effective and safe procedure in managing nephrolithiasis in ADPKD, further studies with larger sample and longer periods observation is needed to confirmed role of PCNL in preserving kidney on ADPKD with staghorn kidney
STUDY ON IN VITRO DISSOLUTION OF CALCIUM OXALATE RENAL STONE BY SHILAJIT
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to test the solubility efficiency of Shilajit in vitro for calcium oxalate renal stone. Material & Methods: A small stone was selected for the experiment. The weighed stone was suspended in 25 ml of aqueous extract of Shilajit for 72 hours with the interval of 24 hours. After each 24 hours, the stone was taken out, washed, dried and difference in weight was calculated. The whole procedure was carried out at room temperature. Results: It was found that the weight of the stone was reduced. Conclusion: Shilajit has the ability to dissolve the calcium oxalate renal stone
THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN E (α- TOCOPHEROL) AS NEPHROPROTECTOR ON BLOOD UREA NITROGEN AND SERUM CREATININE LEVEL OF STRAIN WISTAR RATS AFTER CISPLATIN TREATMENT: IN VIVO STUDY
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the differences in kidney function of Wistar strain rats that received a combination of vitamin E and cisplatin, compared with cisplatin alone. Material & Methods: An experimental prospective study with post-test only control design, using male Wistar strain rats (Rattus norvegicus). Rats were randomized using the simple randomized sampling method. Treatment was given in the form of exposure to cisplatin 5 mg/kg (positive control group), with a combination of vitamin E 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg (treatment group), to evaluate its effect on kidney function as measured by blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine serum. Results: Statistical analysis of Mann Whitney showed that there were no differences in BUN levels in the positive control group (cisplatin 5 mg/kg) against each treatment group (p>0.05). Further analysis showed that there was no significant difference between treatment group 1 (Vitamin E 100 mg/kg) and treatment group 2 (Vitamin E 200 mg/kg). There was no difference in serum creatinine levels in the positive control group compared to a treatment group that received both vitamin E 100 mg/kg and the vitamin E 200 mg/kg (p>0.05). further analysis revealed no significant difference in serum creatinine levels between the group that receives vitamin E 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. Conclusion: Vitamin E at doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg did not have the nephroprotective feature in cisplatin-exposed Wistar rats
THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN E (α-TOCOPHEROL) TO TNF-α SERUM LEVELS IN WISTAR WHITE STRAIN RATS EXPOSED TO CISPLATIN
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the protective effect of vitamin E on TNF-α levels in white Wistar strains exposed to Cisplatin. Material & Methods: The design of this study was an experimental laboratory with post-test only control group design, with the evaluation of TNF-α levels carried out after the animals were treated. The grouping of experimental animals was carried out by randomization. This study using male Wistar white rats as samples. The control group in this study included a negative control group (CN), which was given an injection of 1 cc intravenous normal saline 0.9% on the 7th day as a placebo, then on the 10th day the blood sample was taken. The positive control group (CP), which was given cisplatin treatment at a dose of 5 mg/kg intraperitoneally, once on the 7th day. Treatment group (P1) was treated using cisplatin 5 mg/kg intra-peritoneally and Vitamine E 100 mg/KgBW, and Treatment group (P2) was treated using cisplatin 5 mg/kg intra-peritoneally and Vitamine E 200 mg/KgBW. Blood samples were taken on the 10th day, intra-cardiac and TNF-α levels were analyzed using ELISA. Results: There were significant differences in the mean TNF-α levels in the negative control group for all treatment groups with a p-value <0.05. There was also a significant difference in TNF-α levels in the positive control group for treatment group 1 and treatment 2 with p<0.05. On the other hand, further analysis showed that there was no significant difference between treatment group 1 and treatment group 2 (p>0.05). Conclusion: TNF-α levels in mice given cisplatin was much higher compared with the control group. Vitamin E 100 and 200 mg/kgBW cause a decrease in TNF-α protein levels in mice injected with cisplatin when compared with controls. There is no difference in TNF-α levels in mice receiving vitamin E at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kgB
RENAL INFUNDIBULAR STENOSIS WITH UROLITHIASIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Get PDFObjective: This literature review was performed to improve the insight in renal infundibular stenosis with urolithiasis. Material & Methods: We searched several literatures about infundibular stenosis and its association with urolithiasis. Pubmed and ScienceDirect databases were used to identify relevant studies. Results: Infundibulopelvic stenosis (IFPS) is rarely found. It is not always a congenital condition. IFPS is caused by extrinsic factor, such as carcinoma or retroperitoneal fibrosis, or intrinsic factor, such as inflammation, infection, calculus, Fraley’s syndrome, or surgery performed on kidney. Urinary stasis in the pelvicalyceal system that happened in IFPS increases the chance of stone formation. Its anatomical abnormality plays important role to stone formation. The clear treatment algorithm has not been found. The management for kidney stones depends on stone characteristic, location, and symptoms of the patient, as recommended by Koopman et al. Bayne et al. recommend methods of nephrotomy and calicocalicostomy. While Balbo et al. recommend holmium-based therapy. Conclusion: Infundibulopelvic stenosis is a risk factor of urolithiasis. It is a rare condition, but the treatment algorithm has not been found. There are several recommendations for kidney stone management in infundibulopelvic stenosis
COMPARISON OF PAIN PERCEPTION BETWEEN INTRAVENA TRAMADOL INJECTION WITH PERIPROSTATIC LIDOCAINE INJECTION IN TRANSRECTAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY GUIDED PROSTATE BIOPSY PATIENT
Get PDFObjective: To compare the pain perception between intravenous tramadol administration and PNB technique using lidocaine in TRUS guided prostate biopsy. Material & Methods: The design of this study is a prospective randomized clinical trial. The population of this study is BPH patients who will undergo TRUS guided prostate biopsy procedure according to the indication in our center. Randomization was done for the determination of groups 1 and 2. Group 1 was given tramadol injection 100 mg intravenously, while group 2 was given a local injection of lidocaine periprostatic. The Wong-Baker scale directly determined pain perception during the procedure. Results: The total samples in this study were 20 samples that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria with 10 samples in each group. The lidocaine group had a lower Wong Baker’s pain scale in both probe USG insertion and prostate biopsy than the tramadol group. However, it’s not statistically significant (p=0.089; p=0.125, respectively). Conclusion: The use of intravenous tramadol can be used as an alternative anesthetic/analgesic method in prostate biopsy patients. The pain scale of the intravenous tramadol can be compared with periprostatic lidocaine with lesser complications compared to periprostatic lidocaine