Indonesian Journal of Urology
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A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ERYTHROCYTE INDICES AND STAGES OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Get PDFObjective: To obtain the association between the erythrocyte indices and the stages of CKD. Material & Methods: This is a systematic review study conducted by searching for articles through PubMed, Proquest, and Google Scholar. Publication year are from 2010 to 2020. Results: There are 10 articles analyzed. There were 3 articles that showed a significant association and 2 articles that showed no significant association between erythrocyte indices and stages of CKD. Other article that used anemia morphology to represent the erythrocyte indices showed the normocytic normochromic as the largest percentage. 4 out of 5 articles with CKD patients who were known to be undergoing hemodialysis showed a significant difference in erythrocyte indices. Conclusion: There is association between the erythrocyte indices and stages of CKD
TUBERCULAR TESTICULAR ABSCESS: A CASE REPORT
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to provide fellow physicians a better insight in diagnosing and managing similar cases. Case(s) Presentation: A 36 year old male presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of red, painful, and progressively enlarging swelling of the left scrotal pouch since 1 week ago. The patient had a history of similar complaint and recurrent cloudy urine which were left untreated 1 year before. Based on physical examination and ultrasonography findings, the patient was diagnosed with left scrotal abscess and was treated by incisional drainage of abscess and necrotomy debridement under spinal anesthesia. Discussion: Tuberculosis infection of scrotal contents is rare and occurs in approximately 7% of the patients with tuberculosis, although tuberculosis itself is a global epidemic with more than 2 billion of the world population infected. In patients with genital tuberculosis, pulmonary and renal tuberculosis can be documented in 50% and 80-85% respectively. It is often secondary to the pre-existing tuberculosis of the urinary tract, which may be confirmed by the culture of early morning urine specimens. Conclusion: Treatment of testicular abscess is administration of appropriate antibiotics according to its causative organism accompanied by surgical drainage. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of testicular abscess is necessary, since chronic and severe cases, as happened in this patient, usually resulted in nonviable testicular tissue and necessitate orchidectomy. This may be due to cumulative ischemia of the testicles from multiple mechanisms: inflammatory infiltration causing compression of the spermatic cord, thrombosis secondary to venous congestion and/or bacterial exotoxins.
 
SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF MONOPOLAR TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF PROSTATE IN LABORATORY PARAMETERS
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of transurethral resection of prostate using preoperative and postoperative laboratory parameters. Material & Methods: This was a retrospective study of all patients treated with transurethral resection of prostate at Karawang Hospital from January – August 2018. The laboratory parameters are measured in the preoperative and postoperative period, including haemoglobin, leucocyte, and electrolyte. The outcomes of the study were the comparison of laboratory parameters before and after monopolar transurethral resection of prostate. Results: A total of 142 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. The mean age was 68 years. Transurethral resection of prostate was performed in all patients. The mean of preoperative level of haemoglobin was higher compared to postoperative level (13.21 gr/dL vs 12.79 gr/dL; p = 0.000). The mean preoperative level of leucocyte was higher during postoperative time compared to preoperative time (13.450 vs 7503.52 p = 0.000). The sodium level was lower postoperative than preoperative ( 137.76 vs 139.39; p = 0.000 ). The potassium level was higher preoperative than in postoperative (4.12 vs 4.02, p = 0.000 ). The logistic regression was performed and shows no significant association between prostate resected weight and length of surgery compared to laboratory parameters. There was no patient who needed blood transfusion or having electrolyte derangement. Conclusion: Based on laboratory parameters, monopolar transurethral resection of prostate is safe and effective in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia
THE PREVALENCE OF KIDNEY FAILURE DUE TO URINARY CALCULI IN THE UROLOGY INPATIENT CARE DR. SOETOMO HOSPITAL FROM JANUARY 2016 TO DECEMBER 2017
Get PDFObjective: To know the profile of patients with kidney failure due to urinary calculi in the Urology Inpatient Care Soetomo General Hospital from January 2016 to December 2017. Material & Methods: a retrospective descriptive study was performed among 35 patients with kidney failure due to urinary tract stones. Individual patient data were obtained from the medical record. Results: The sex ratio known from the study between men and women was 60% : 40%. The age distribution was dominated by the patient within the range of 41-50 years old (38.14%) then followed by 51-60 and 31-70 years old (28.58% each), least found on <40 and >70 years old patient (2.86% each). Most of the urinary calculi were found in kidney (55.56%) then ureter (40%), and least found on urethra and bladder (2.22% each). Most types of renal failure found were Chronic Kidney Disease (48.57%), then Acute Kidney Injury (40%) then Acute Chronic Kidney Disease (11.43%). Conclusion: Chronic Kidney Disease was the most common type of renal failure found in the study compared to the other types such as Acute Kidney Injury and Acute on Chronic Kidney Disease. Calculus of kidney was the most frequent urinary calculi found. Men are more at risk of having kidney failure due to urinary calculi. 41-50 years old patients were found the most in this study
UROVAGINAL FISTULA IN TERTIARY HOSPITAL OF WEST JAVA INDONESIA
Get PDFObjective: This study was conducted to find out the frequency and characteristics of urovaginal fistula patients. Material & Methods: This study design used a retrospective descriptive research design conducted at a tertiary hospital in West Java, Indonesia (Hasan Sadikin General Hospital) from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2016. Results: Of all 22 urovaginal fistula patients, the majority in the age range of 41-50 years, and there was one patient in the age range of 61-70 years. Fourteen patients (63.6%) had defects in the bladder, and 36.5% of patients had defects in the ureters. There were nine patients (40.9%) who had urovaginal fistula after undergoing a hysterectomy procedure. The other causes were cervical carcinoma (40.9%), difficult labor (9.1%), radiotherapy (4.5%), carcinoma rectum (4.5%), cesarean section procedure (9.1%), and other gynecological procedures such as myomectomy or cystectomy (9.1%). Based on the type and location of the fistula, the majority of patients had vesicovaginal fistula/VVF (59%), ureterovaginal fistula/UVF (36%), and a combination of ureterovesicovaginal fistula (5%). The causes of VVF and UVF are different from each other. In patients with VVF, the most common cause is cervical carcinoma (35.7%). Meanwhile, the most common cause of UVF is hysterectomy (75%). Conclusion: Of the various types of urovaginal fistulas, vesicovaginal fistulas are the most frequently encountered. In general, the characteristics of urovaginal fistula patients in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital is slightly different from the literature, especially the cause of fistula. At Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, vesicovaginal fistulas are mostly caused by cervical cancer, not a hysterectomy. For ureterovaginal etiology, the characteristics of patients in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital are caused mainly by hysterectomy
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH URETHROCUTANEOUS FISTULA COMPLICATION IN HYPOSPADIAS PATIENT AFTER URETHROPLASTY IN FATMAWATI GENERAL HOSPITAL: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT DESIGN
Get PDFObjective: This study compared several factors that are thought to contribute to the incidence of complications of urethroplasty fistula after urethroplasty, including meatus location, degree of chordee, surgical technique, and postoperative stent type. Material & Methods: This study is an analytical study with retrospective cohort design. After adjusting to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 89 subjects with proximal hypospadias were subjected to urethroplasty at Fatmawati General Hospital, Jakarta from 2016 to 2019. An analysis of the relationship between several variables and the incidence of uretrocutaneous fistula was analyzed. Results: There was no significant difference between the one-stage and two-stage urethroplasty technique on the incidence of urethrocutaneous fistula (p = 0.063). There was no significant difference between the degree of chordee and complications of urethrocutaneous fistula after urethroplasty (p = 0.677). The relationship between the use of silastic stent, catheter, or cystostomy type was also not significant in complications of urethrocutaneous fistula (p = 0.576). The location of the urethral meatus also did not have a significant role in predicting the incidence of post-urethroplasty urethrocutaneous fistula (p = 0.169). Conclusion: Surgical technique (one stage and two stages), type of stent, degree of chordee, and location of the urethral meatus, did not have a significant correlation with the incidence of urethrocutaneous fistula in hypospadias patients after urethroplasty
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS PROFILE OF BLADDER DISEASES IN DR. SOETOMO GENERAL ACADEMIC HOSPITAL FROM JANUARY 2015 TO DECEMBER 2019
Get PDFObjective: This study aimed to analyze the profile of bladder disease in Soetomo General Hospital based on histopathological examination. Material & Methods: This study was using secondary data. Histopathological examination data of patients with bladder disease were evaluated based on age, gender, and histopathological types. Results: There were 419 patients with bladder abnormalities. Non-neoplasm bladder diseases were found in 62 patients consisted of 56 patients (90.32%) with cystitis and 6 patients (9.67%) with glandular cystitis. Neoplastic bladder diseases were found in 357 patients and were divided into benign and malignant neoplasm. Benign neoplasms were found in 11 patients consisted of 5 patients (45.45%) with UP and 6 patients (54.54%) with IUP. Malignant neoplasms were found in 340 patients consisted of 300 patients (88.23%) with urothelial carcinoma, 26 patients (7.64%) with adenocarcinoma, 14 patients (4.12%) with SCC. Moreover, six male patients with PUNLMP were also reported. Conclusion: Histopathological examination in patients with bladder abnormalities shows that neoplastic bladder diseases (357/419, 85.20%) were more common than non-neoplastic bladder disease (62/419, 14.80%)
VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY TESTS FOR ADMINISTRATION OF KIDNEY DISEASE QUALITY OF LIFE-SHORT FORM IN INDONESIAN VERSION
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to adapt the KDQOL-SF questionnaire into Indonesian and to evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire in healthy subjects in Indonesia. Material & Methods: Previously translated (into Indonesian) KDQOL-SF questionnaire was given to 33 healthy subjects at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital. Respondents were over 18 years old and were able to speak Indonesian orally and in written form. Reliability was measured using Alpha Cronbach’s intraclass correlation coefficient and internal consistency reliability. Validity was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation test. Results: Out of 33 respondents, the majority of subjects were male (81%) with mean age 47.4 ± 13.7 years old. The highest score was in social support aspects with mean score 99.48 ± 2.95, while the lowest score was vitality aspect with mean score 63.28 ± 11.61. Alpha Cronbach’s score was between 0.580-0.999 and Pearson’s correlation coefficient between 0.405-0.976 with P < 0.05. Conclusion: KDQOL-SF questionnaire, which was translated into Indonesian, was valid and reliable to be used in evaluating patients’ quality of before kidney transplantation in Indonesi
THE EFFECT OF MORINGA LEAF EXTRACT (MORINGA OLEIFERA L) AGAINST MOTILITY OF SPERMATOZOA MICE EXPOSED TO MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE
Get PDFObjective: Excessive use of MSG in everyday life can cause infertility to men. Exposure to MSG can cause cells to experience oxidative stress which subsequently triggers the generation of free radicals. Free radicals can be resisted with antioxidants. Material & Methods: This research was a laboratory experimental test with a post-test only control group design using male mice as the experimental object. The statistical test used the One Way ANOVA test. Results: In this research, 5 male mice were assigned into 4 groups and 1 control group. Using the One Way ANOVA test, it was found that there were significant differences in ≥ 2 treatment groups in the motility group of spermatozoa with active movement (p < 0.001) and the motility group of spermatozoa with weak movement (p = 0.036). The two groups showed significant differences. The Post hoc LSD test in the motility group with active movement showed significant differences between the control group with MSG treatment (p < 0.001) and the treatment group given Moringa leaves extract of 600 mg/kgW (p < 0.001) and 1200 mg/kgW (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Moringa leaves extract can effect the improvement of the motility of spermatozoa exposed to monosodium glutamate at a given dose of 300 mg/kgW and 600 mg/kgW
EFFECTIVENESS OF TRANEXAMIC ACID IN TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE (TURP) PROCEDURE ON BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA (BPH): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of tranexamic acid in the TURP procedure in BPH patients. Material & Methods: This meta-analysis research was performed online literature from Pubmed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and Science Direct with a data collection period from July 2020 to October 2020. The journals used are journals regarding all studies on the effectiveness of tranexamic acid in the TURP procedure on BPH with criteria inclusion were BPH patients receiving TURP-invasive therapy and receiving tranexamic acid before or after surgery vs. no intervention or placebo. The results assessed were in terms of the amount of bleeding, volume of irrigation fluid, duration of operation, and weight of the resected prostate tissue. The statistical analysis was performed in Review Manager v.5.4. Results: We found 6 studies that fitted into our criteria with 436 patients were identified. We found a significant difference of decreasing blood loss between tranexamic acid and control that tranexamic acid was more effective than control (MD -125.39, 95% CI: -247.21 - 3.36, P = 0.04). There was no significant difference of the amount of Hb (MD 0.06, 95%, CI: -0.17 – 0.28, P = 0.63). There was also no significant differences of volume irrigation fluid (MD 0.79, 95%, CI: -1.18 – 2.76, P=0.43), duration of operation (MD 14.55, 95%, CI: -32.56 – 3.47, P = 0.11) and weight of resected prostate tissue (MD 0.77, 95% CI: -1.06 – 2.6, P=0.77). Conclusion: Tranexamic acid is effective in decreasing blood loss in the TURP procedure