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Population and Habitat Characteristics of Tarsius fuscus in Resort Mallawa Bantimurung Bulusaraung, South Sulawesi
Get PDFTarsius fuscus is one of the conservation priority wildlife in the Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park (Babul National Park). This study aims to analyze the population and habitat characteristics of T. fuscus as one of the considerations in the conservation management of its population and habitat. This research was carried out in July 2021 in the forest around Bentenge Village and Samaenre Village, Resort Mallawa, Babul National Park. The method used was direct observation, calculation of the number of individuals for each group, and vegetation analysis at the meeting points of T. fuscus. Based on observations, the population size of 48 individuals from 13 groups was obtained with an overall population density of 0.109 individuals/Ha. The population density in the secondary dryland forest is higher than in the scrubland. The number of juvenile and infant in both land cover were low compared to the adults. T. fuscus was found in two types of habitat, there are secondary dryland forests (SDF) and scrubland with specific ranges of physical parameters. Based on vegetation analysis, SDF was dominated by the mana-mana tree (Blumeodendron kurzii) with an important value index (IVI) of 57.72%, while shrubland was dominated by kemiri tree (Aleurites moluccana) with an IVI of 40.75%. The two land covers are dominated by the Moraceae family and jambu air seedlings (Syzygium aqueum)
The Morphology, Standing Stock and Habitat Distribution of Several Bamboo Species in the Reok Sub-District, Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia
Get PDFBamboo plays a vital role in preventing soil erosion and conserving water. In East Nusa Tenggara Province, many communities rely on bamboo species, making its cultivation a priority due to the region’s favorable biophysical conditions and available support from Non-Governmental Orgabization as facilitators. Approximately 387 villages have undergone assessment and socialization processes aimed at developing bamboo villages, including the Reok sub-district. One of the next steps in this process is conducting an inventory of bamboo standing stock in the area.This study aims to assess the species diversity and standing stock of bamboo in Reok sub-district. Research was carried out at 11 randomly selected sampling points across six villages, using the single circular plot method (radius of 17.9 m), with a total of 55 plots. Each plot was surveyed to identify and quantify clumps and culms, categorized by age (young, medium, and old). Four bamboo species were identified: Bambusa spinosa, Bambusa vulgaris, Gigantochloa atter, and Dendrocalamus asper. Gigantochloa atter was the most prevalent species, found at nearly all survey points, and had the highest number of clumps and culms. The estimated standing stock of bamboo in the Reok sub-district is 57,496 clumps, with a total of 3,692,890 culms. Gigantochloa atter accounted for the majority, with 35,526 clumps and 1,815,593 culms. This standing stock holds significant potential for further development, as bamboo is a key non-timber forest product (NTFP) in the region, with the potential to enhance the local economy
Microhabitat of Endangered Species, Lonchura oryzivora in Malang City, Indonesia
Get PDFMalang City, located in Java, Indonesia, faces significant anthropogenic pressures but remains an important habitat for the endangered Java sparrow (Lonchura oryzivora). Understanding how Java sparrows adapt to environments with high levels of human activity is essential for their conservation. This study focused on identifying the distribution of Java sparrows and investigating their habitat selection within Malang City. The bird positions were recorded within the tree canopy, and the frequency of canopy use by the birds was determined. Living in the middle of the city impacts the metabolism of birds, as indicated by taking samples and measuring the levels of lead found in their droppings and vegetation used. Encounters near the center of human activity show they can utilize buildings and vegetation they utilize. The Java sparrows predominantly utilize plant parts at the tree level, particularly focusing on the middle canopy part of the edge (TTt) and the middle part (TT). Laboratory tests revealed that the plants utilized by the Java sparrow contain high lead levels. Therefore, to conserve the Java sparrow, it is crucial to improve the quality of their habitat to make it more natural and conduct regular health monitoring to ensure their well-being
Urban Green Open Space in Metro, Lampung, Indonesia: Vegetation Structure, History, and Function
Get PDFUrban areas with high population density and air pollution need a green open space (GOS). GOS is an open land with plant vegetation as a constituent needed to support ecological functions and improve environmental quality in urban areas. Metro city has a number of GOS that haven’t been reported about its plant structure and composition. The purpose of this study was to determine the GOS’ composition of plants and structure in Metro City; describe the history of each GOS; its social and ecological function. The research was conducted at a number of GOS in Metro city with quantitative and survey methods. Data collected by direct observation and exploring each location point. This study observed two types of GOS which have different structures in Metro City, namely ground and parks. The results showed that before the area became GOS, it was vacant land as government property. Furthermore, recorded as many as 1,198 individual plants identified as 112 species belonging to 43 families plant composed the vegetation in GOS’ area. Fabaceae was the most occurred family, while Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn ex Benth and Imperata cylindrical (L.) were dominant species in the observed GOS. The diversity index (H’) in all observed GOS were medium category, the highest evenness index (J) is found in GDR (0.92) while the lowest is in KHD (0.57). Generally, GOS in Metro city utilized as research filed, recreation, economy activity, medium of social interaction, and functions ecologically as a buffer for the urban ecosystem
Camera Trap Records of Sumatran Striped Rabbits (Nesolagus netscheri) in Batutegi Protection Forest, Lampung, Indonesia.
Get PDFThe Sumatran striped rabbit (Nesolagus netscheri) is a little-known lagomorph endemic to southwest Sumatra. Despite its taxonomic significance, limited sightings and a paucity of ecological data have hindered population assessments and conservation efforts. This study presents findings from camera trap surveys conducted in Batutegi Protection Forest (BPF), Lampung Province, Indonesia. The BPF, covering approximately 58,000 hectares, hosts diverse flora and fauna but faces threats from habitat loss and due to agricultural encroachment. The study was carried out in Way Sekampung and Rindingan Forests within BPF. Camera trapping between 2017 and 2023 yielded 42 independent photographs of solitary individuals. The majority of sightings were at elevations above 600m, but two occurred at 366 and 454 m. The rabbits exhibited nocturnal behavior, with peak activity observed between 19:00 and 21:00 and 02:00 and 03:00. Our sightings from BPF, which is situated at some distance from the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, provide new records of small but isolated populations of Sumatran striped rabbits in fragmented pockets of remnant forest. Conservation efforts by the Forest Management Unit (KPH) are underway in BPF, but further measures are necessary to preserve the forests rich biodveristy. This study emphasizes the need for continued monitoring and conservation efforts to protect the Sumatran striped rabbit and its habitat. Further research is warranted to assess population densities and ecological requirements, underscoring the importance of implementing effective and collaborative conservation measures in the region
Association of Shorea leprosula and Shorea johorensis Species with other Species in Tropical Forest
Get PDFShorea leprosula and Shorea johorensis do not live alone, but are associated with other plant species within a forest ecosystem. The relationships or associations of plants in the forest can be positive and negative. Positive association occurs when a plant species is present together with other plant species, while negative association occurs when a plant species is not present together with other plant species. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution pattern of tree species, the Important Value Index (IVI), the association between species, and the kinship value of S. leprosula and S. johorensis in the IUPHHK (Timber Forest Product Utilization Business Permit) area of PT. Kemakmuran Berkah Timber, West Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province. The results showed that S. leprosula had an IVI (Important Value Index) of 15.89% - 42.02% and S. johorensis had an IVI of 28.56%. Based on the association of kinship values, there was a significant negative association between S. leprosula and Myristica sp. and Cinnamomum sp., with negative coefficients of 7.28% and 8.83%, respectively. As for the S. johorensis species, it was only found in plot 1, with one significant combination with the Palaquium sp. species with a positive coefficient of 5.63%. S. johorensis plays a significant role in plot 1, while S. leprosula shows complex interactions with significant negative species combinations in several plots
Service-learning Pedagogy: A Pathway to Empowering Students as A Catalyst for Sustainable Tourism Development through Civic Engagement and Community Development
Get PDFThe field of education for sustainable development advocates for new teaching methods that offer hands-on, engaging, and transformative learning experiences that encourage critical and systemic thinking within the framework of sustainable development. Higher education institutions strive to support the attainment of SDG 4 by promoting inclusive, fair, and high-quality education. Service-learning in higher education is in tune with the educational principles of critical and transformative pedagogy and facilitated through implementation of innovative pedagogical approaches in training professionals that will be socially critical and committed to social transformation, with the goal of achieving a larger social justice. Consequently, one of the major challenges attributed to the lack of social practice and community service in the learning environment leads to the detachment of students to the community, as well as the low social responsibility among the undergraduates. The study aimed to fill the research gap in the literature on the impact of service-learning pedagogies among students based on knowledge, attitude, and spirit and how it is correlated with professional development, personal development, social transactions. Furthermore, this study highlights how civic engagement and sustainable community development, the integral components of service-learning, contribute to and align with the principles of sustainable tourism. By connecting these elements, the research emphasizes the multifaceted benefits of service-learning in shaping socially responsible professionals and fostering sustainable touris
Ecology of Hornbill Food Trees at Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park
Get PDFHornbills play an important role in maintaining tree gene flow among fragmented populations in forests. But hornbill populations in Asia have been declining, mainly due to loss of forest cover and poaching. The presence of hornbills in a forest is highly dependent on environmental factors such as the condition of food trees in their habitat. The purpose of this study was to determine the spatial distribution, dispersion patterns, density, importance value index, and diversity of hornbill food trees at Sukaraja Atas Resort (SA) and Balik Bukit Resort (BB) of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP). We investigated a total of 10 transects (50 survey plots) for both SA and BB by collecting data on all types of hornbill food trees with a minimum diameter of 10 cm at breast height (DBH). We recorded 64 hornbill food tree species with a total of 98 individuals, which have a clumped and uniform dispersion pattern. This study showed that Lauraceae dominated in both resorts with the highest relative density and importance value index. The results of the diversity index show that 9 transects have moderate diversity whereas 1 transect has low diversity; there was no significant difference between SA and BB. It can be concluded that the existing food trees in SA and BB may support the hornbill populations
Community Perspectives in Developing Bat-Cave Tourism in Leang Londrong, Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park: Comparing The Locals & Tourists
Get PDFMaros-Pangkep karst formation in South Sulawesi is one of the largest karst environments in the world. One cave located in the area is Leang Londrong and is a part of the management of Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park. The Leang Londrong area is known as tourism spot with water-based tourism as the main attraction and it is also known as the main ecosystem service provider in particular as water sources for many areas. This cave is inhabited by some species of bats. Even now the area is designated for water-based tourism, other potential tourism object such bats roosting inside the cave for tourism development has not been explored. Therefore, this study attempts to examine the perception of local community and tourists visiting the area towards nature, cave, bats and its conservation, as well as cave-bats tourism development. The study was conducted between January-April 2022 by distributing questionnaires to 86 respondents consisted of local community, tourists, and government’s representatives. The results indicated that in general the respondents had limited knowledge on nature, cave, bats and its conservation. In particular with bats, the majority of the respondents have not yet been familiar with bats, understood the roles of bats for the environment, and tended to ignore the existence of bats. However, in relation with nature and conservation, bat conservation, and the development of cave and bat tourism in Leang Londrong, all respondents from the tourist’s side agreed to support (>85%) and for the locals, the number was even higher (>90%). Therefore, from the perspectives of local community and tourists, the chance in developing cave and bat tourism in Leang Londrong can be considered possible. 
Exploring the Vegetation Characteristics of Karst Landscapes: A Study of Community Forest in Tubokarto Village, Wonogiri, Indonesia
Get PDFKarst landscapes are characterized by unique relief and drainage patterns, which influence the types of vegetation that can inhabit these environments. Vegetation in karst ecosystems plays a crucial role in groundwater filtration. Plant species diversity within these communities contributes to structural variations across different habitats. This study evaluates the potential of vegetation in community forests in Tubokarto Village, Wonogiri Regency, by analyzing species composition and vegetation. Using a purposive sampling method, we selected areas with polyculture planting patterns and agroforestry, applying a sampling intensity of 2.2% with 20 × 100 m strip plots. The results showed that the species composition at the location consisted of 18 species in 7 families. The stand density for trees is 221 ind ha–1, poles 436 ind ha–1, saplings 1,144 ind ha–1, and seedlings 2,650 ind ha–1. Tectona grandis emerged as the dominant species, with the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) values: 142.79 at the tree level, 212.48 for poles, 197.84 for saplings, and 122.29 for seedlings. Species diversity indices were 1.53 for trees, 0.97 for poles, 1.36 for saplings, and 1.21 for seedlings. The species richness index showed values of 2.79 for trees, 1.49 for poles, 1.21 for saplings, and 1.80 for seedlings, while the species evenness index ranged from 0.43 to 0.76. The vegetation structure of Tubokarto Village spans strata B and C, with tree diameter class distribution resembling that of natural forests. Environmental factors, including climate and soil composition, are likely influencing species growth patterns