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PERPINDAHAN ONTOGENETIK HABITAT IKAN DI PERAIRAN EKOSISTEM HUTAN MANGROVE
Get PDFOntogenetic of fish is a term used to study the development of the behavior of an individual throughout its life (life-span) from hatched to death. The mangrove ecosystem is a potential habitat for fish, especially the juvenile stage. Juvenile found in this habitat is an important economically fish. In various types of fish, the phenomenon of increasing the size of the fish body followed by changes in the types of food causing ontogenetic habitat of fish. It is evident in yellow snapper Lutjanus argentiventris. The juveniles live in mangrove habitat to approximately 100 mm or 300 days old, after which the fish move to deeper surrounding habitat. Mangrove forest that has a high complexity is to serve as an adaptation of fish to avoid predators and foraging. Several different habitats, both the mangrove ecosystem and other ecosystems provide different foods according to the needs at each phase-change of fish life. Animals that undergo ontogenetic habitat drift has management consequences that are more sensitive than animals inhabiting on single habitat. Hence, particularly habitat conservation resource management is needed. Not only conservation of the habitat, but also other habitats related to the migration of fish. Keyword: conservation, diet, growth, mangrove, ontogeneti
Characteristics of Climbing Plants Community in Rambut Island Wildlife Reserve
Get PDFClimbing plants are major component of tropical forest and play important role in many aspects of forest dynamic, balancing the micro-climate and provide food, shelter, nest material for wildlife especially bird. Inspite of their importance, climbing plants are often neglected. This research was aimed to describe the characteristics of climbing plants communities in three different ecosystems in Rambut Island Wildlife Reserve (RIWR). Climbing plants inventory in dryland, beach and ecotone forest were done by combining transect and quadrat method. The plots made in each ecosystem were 53, 27 and 85 respectively. A total of 37 climbing plants species consisted of 19 families were identifed and their contribution to species richness in RIWR reached 25,7 %. The climbing plants found in dryland, coastal and ecotone forest were 27 species (17 families), 23 species (16 families) dan 16 species (12 families) respectively. The species richness of climbing plants in all ecosystem were low, but the dryland forest was the richest due to the more fertile soils and vegetation structure complexity. In general, the species diversity and evenness in all ecosystem were low because of certain species domination. Dioscorea bulbifera was dominant in dryland and beach forest while Ipomoea violacea was dominant in ecotone forest. The domination of D. bulbifera influenced the similarity of climbing plants communities among ecosystem. Dominance, density and distribution of climbing plants indicated invasion of certain climbing plants species in RIWR. Keywords: diversity, forest, liana, vin
Carbon Stocks Potential Above Ground Surface in Taman Hutan Raya Pancoran Mas, Depok
Get PDFGlobal warming is the increase temperature of the atmosphere, ocean and terrestrial ecosystem that lead to global climate change. The global warming caused by the increase of atmospheric green house gases (GHGs), such as CO2, SOx, NOx and CH4. Deforestation will cause the increase of atmospheric GHGs, meanwhile reforestation will lowering atmospheric GHGs. In urban environment, Urban Open Space instead of enhance the aesthetical aspect of town, it also contribute to atmospheric carbon absorbtion through photosynthesis process and store the carbon in the form of biomass. The objectives of this research are to determine the potential of carbon stocks and analyze the relationship between LAI with potential carbon stocks in trees, Basal area, stand density at Tahura Pancoran Mas, Depok. Biomass of trees and woody nekromass calculated based on allometric equations, the calculated carbon content of 47% of the biomass. Carbon stocks potential in Tahura Pancoran Mas, Depok was 33,92 Mg/ha or carbon stocks potential with an area of 6 ha was 203,52 Mg C. The result of regression analysis shows that a relationship between LAI with stand density has the strongest relationship than the other. Selected regression model to estimate LAI is the stand density = -10,2 + 227 LAI with R2 is 0.60 and has a value of accuracy is 12,08%. Keywords: carbon stocks, LAI, stand density
HABITAT DAN PERILAKU KANGKARENG PERUT-PUTIH (Anthracoceros albirostris convexus Temm. 1832) DI RESORT ROWOBENDO TN ALAS PURWO
Get PDFOriental pied hornbill (Anthracoceros albirostris) is one of hornbill spesies (Bucerotidae) that protected in Indonesia based on Goverment Regulation No. 7/1999. The habitat of oriental pied hornbillin Resort Rowobendo Alas Purwo National Park (APNP) are natural forest and mixed forest plantation. The characteristic of the bird feeding site is a fruiting tree with a thick meat with the shaped is an oval, thin rind, soft, and contain more water and has sweet taste. The characteristic for the birdresting site is a tree with dense leaf, horizontal withstrong enough branch to withstand oriental pied hornbill. The tree height is about 10-26 m and the diameters about 29-71 cm. The nesting site characteristic the bird is a tree with diameters about ≥ 50 cm and the height is about ≥10 m. The tree has a hole, main branch that is large and fairly flat with the height of the nest from the ground level of 12-30 m. Behavior of oriental pied hornbill observed are eating, resting, calling, flying and nesting. Keywords: APNP, behavior, habitat, oriental pied hornbil
ANALISIS FAKTOR PENENTU KEBERLANJUTAN DAN STRATEGI PEMANFAATAN LAHAN DI LOKAPURNA TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK
Get PDFLokasi Purnawirawan (Lokapurna) is an area located in the Mount Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS). Lokapurna is an expansion area of TNGHS through Minister of Forestry Decree No. 175 in 2003. Expansion in TNGHS caused the loss of community access to utilize the land in national park area and it caused a conflict between community and TNGHS. The determinant factor of land use sustainability in Lokapurna is important to reduce land tenure conflicts between the community and TNGHS. The conflict occur because of misperception between community and TNGHS. Moreover, the determinant factors of land use sustainability were needed to know to determine land use policy strategy in Lokapurna. This study aimed to analyze the determinant factors of land use sustainability in Lokapurna and to contrive the alternative strategies for land use in Lokapurna. This research method using qualitative methods. The selection of respondents were conducted by purposive sampling with consideration of respondents who are involved directly or deemed to have the ability and understanding regarding land use in Lokapurna. The research data was obtained through closed ended questionnaire. This data was analyzed by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and processed using software Expert Choice 2000. The result shown that the highest determinant factor of land use sustainability in Lokapurna is environmental factors (0,472) followed by social factors (0,301) and economic factors (0,272). Moreover, the first priority of alternative land use strategy is collaborative ecotourism development (0,494), the second priority is the optimization of specific zone (0,378) and the last priority is community relocation (0,124). Keywords: land use, Lokapurna, Mount Halimun Salak National Park, priority, strateg
Population and Distribution Plant Pattern Paliasa (Kleinhovia hospita L.) in Bontobahari District
Get PDFPaliasa is known as a traditional medicinal herb used by the people of South Sulawesi. Knowledge of the paliasa uses evolved from sempirical experience by intergenerational inheritance. This study aims to estimate the population and distribution patterns of Paliasa (Kleinhovia hospita L.) in District Bontobahari. In this research, it is used square plots square with 100 m x 100 m zise and 18 plots in total. Paliasa distribution patterns are determined by record the coordinates of Paliasa in the plots using GPS (Global Positioning System). The results showed that the population of Paliasa in the Bontobahari District based on six types of land use reached 597 individuals and the distribution is clumped. Keywords: Bontobahari, paliasa, pattern of distributio
Meta-analysis Number of Plants Drugs Used by Characteristics Socioeconomic Factors, Environmental and Geographic
Get PDFEthnobotany is the study of public relations with the use of plants. Use of plants by people influenced by several factors, such as social, cultural, socioeconomic, and geographic. Most of the ethnicities in Indonesia has a high dependence on plants medicine for survival. However, the factors that influence the use of medicinal plants by people in Indonesia have not been studied, so that research is needed to optimize the use of medicinal plants to sustainability benefits. The purpose of this study is to analyze the number of species of plants medicine used by the influence of socio-economic, environmental, and geographic factors using principal component analysis and analyzing patterns of use of plants medicine. The results showed that the economy and infrastructure components (access to electricity, means of education, income level, health facilities, distance from the highway, remoteness, and the fastest time toward the road) and the number of people graduating from elementary school affect the number of medicinal plant species used. Based on the results of the study of literature and field observations, the pattern of use of plants medicine in addition to be used as medicine, the plant is used for food, building materials, plant ornamental, ceremonial, wood, wicker and crafts, coloring agents, animal feed, ingredients aromatic, and pesticide. The usage patterns in each region or village has the distinction of which is influenced by the remoteness factor due to the differences in the social, economic, environmental, and geographic. Keywords: ethnobotany, plants medicine, principal component analysi
PENGELOLAAN DAN TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN GAJAH SUMATERA (Elephas maximus sumatranus Temminck, 1847) DI FLYING SQUAD WWF TAMAN NASIONAL TESSO NILO RIAU
Get PDFConflict between human and elephants in Tesso Nilo National Park encourages WWF to establish the Flying Squad. Related to the function of the sumatran elephants in Flying Squad as the patrol team, it is necessary to conduct a proper management to ensure animal welfare. This study aims to examine the aspects of welfare management and asses the level of welfare of sumatran elephants in Flying Squad. The research methodology used for this study are literature review, interviews and field observation. Data analyzed by describing the suitability of management and tabulating the assessment. The management of cages, feed, health and reproduction requires some improvements such as the type, number and equipment of the cages, natural feed adequacy, medical infrastructure and reproduction management. The 76,98% percentage rate of sumatran elephant welfare, which is relatively good, is because there are only 14 priority components of 43 components of animal welfare assessment that need improvements and enhanced management. Keywords: animal welfare, flying squad, the patrol elephan
ANALISIS POPULASI DAN HABITAT BANGAU TONGTONG (Leptoptilos javanicus Horsfields 1921) DI TAMAN NASIONAL ALAS PURWO, JAWA TIMUR
Get PDFAlas Purwo National Park (APNP) is a conservation area which still has a natural habitat and population of lesser adjutant in Indonesia. The bird is considered vulnerable IUCN red list 2016 and protected by government regulation of Republic Indonesia No.7/1999. The study was aim to analyze the population (individual number, sex ratio, age structure and natality) and it’s habitat including nesting. The observation was focused in Rowobendo Resort APNP (Sadengan garzing area, tropical rain forest surrounding Sadengan garzing area and mangrove of Sumber Gedang) with concentration count method for population and habitat analysis used method for decribed habitat condition. This study showed that individuals number of the bird are 21 individu consist of adult birds with sex ratio 1:1 (male:female). Potential natality reflected by their eggs in the nest (three eggs), but did not successfully being hatching due to predator attack. The population parameter showed that the bird population is productive The bird using Sadengan grazing area to find feed, lowland forest used to resting and nesting and mangrove used to resting and seaching food. The chracteristik of nesting site available of emergent trees which have crown with aubrevile architecture and the trees closed to habitat for search food. The searching food habitat have characteristic is open area with mudy or grazing area whic have potential their food. Keywords: habitat, lesser adjutant, populatio
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS KUPU-KUPU BERDASARKAN TIPE TUTUPAN LAHAN DAN WAKTU AKTIFNYA DI KAWASAN PENYANGGA TANGKAHAN TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG LEUSER
Get PDFButterfly is one of insect that comes from Lepidotera and has a very important role in maintaining ecosystem. Tangkahan is a Gunung Leuser National Park buffer zone that has been defined as a tourism area and make butterfly as one of tourism object. This study aims to identify and analyze the diversity of butterfly by active time (morning and afternoon) as well as the diversity of food plant and host plant in three types of buffer zones area. This research was conducted in December 2015 to February 2016 in Tangkahan, Gunung Leuser National Park buffer zone. The data was collected on three types of land cover that sattlement, river and forest.The observation of butterfly, food plant and host plant diversity were done using transect Pollard Method. Based on the study 5 family of butterflies were recorded with number of species as many as 61 species and 1.213 individuals. Food plants species were found as many as 48 species, while hosts plant were 27 species, and consisted of covercrop, sapling and poles. The highest of butterfly and food plant diversity index were recorded in the settlement for 3,43 and 2,75, the highest of host plant diversity index was recorded in the forest for 2,06. Keyword: butterfly, food plant, host plan