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Analisis Antropometri, Biomekanika, dan Beban Kerja Fisik pada Pengoperasian Alat Pengupas Nenas Tipe Engkol
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze anthropometry, biomechanics, and physical workload on the use of a crank-type pineapple peeler. The results showed that the crank-type pineapple peeler could be used at optimum hand reach. Based on the measurement results, the average heart rate for operators ranges from 101112 pulses/minute, and it was classified as medium workload. The rate of oxygen consumption at the operator reached 0.670.89 liters/minute, and it could be classifiedas low workload
Prediksi Erosi Kebun Kopi Rakyat di Kecamatan Permata, Kabupaten Bener Meriah, Provinsi Aceh
Full text linkPrediction of Erosion in the Coffee Plantation in Subdistrict of Permata, District of Bener Meriah, Province of AcehAbstract. This study aimed to determine the level of erosion that occurred on the slopes of plantation of coffee community in sub-district of Permata, district of Bener Meriah, Province of Aceh, conducted from January to August 2011. Coffee plantations of community were located in sub-district of Permata as samples, particularly in the village of Jungke which had 8 percent slope and the village of Seni Antara which had 30 percent slope. This study was conducted by field observation and laboratory analysis to predict the values of erosion using the method of USLE (universal soil loss equation). Further Erosion Hazard Level (TBE) was determined by considering the effective depth of soil. The results showed that the value of the actual erosion that occurred in the coffee plantation of community in the village of Seni Antara which had 30 percent slope at 87,711.47 tones ha-1 year-1 greater than the actual value of erosion in the village Jungke which only 8 percent slopes at 21.79 tones ha-1 year-1. Erosion Hazard Rate on slopes of 30 percent (village of Seni Antara) classified as very heavy, while TBE at 8 percent slope (Village of Jungke) as light. The main factors that affected the value of erosion were the value of LS (long and large slope) and the value of K (erodibility). To prevent erosion on coffee plantations advised people to be able to add shade trees, use of litter and planting cover crops
Analisis Efisiensi Pada Sistem Pengeringan Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L) Menggunakan Alat Pengering Tipe Lemari
Full text linkEfficiency Analysis in Drying System for Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L) Using Cabinet Type DryerABSTRACT. Drying is one of the most important process in producing a good quality of rosella tea. The study was aimed to evaluate the drying efficiency of rosella tea by using a cabinet dryer. The source of energy for the dryer was from the burning of charcoal. The charcoal was prepared from the coconut shell since it was abundant biomass product. About 7.5 kg of fresh rosella flower was dried for 17 hours. The total of charcoal consumed was 17 kg. The moisture content of rosella flower was reduced from 90 to 12 %. The analysis showed that the total of energy produced from the burning of 17 kg charcoal was 309.4 MJ, whilst the total energy needed to dry the flower was 15,72 MJ. Therefore, the drying efficiency was still low about 4.58%. Further study is recommended to improve the drying efficiency for example by the use of deeper depth of dried products between 2 and 6 cm as well as by improving the system of hot air circulation
Analisis Kecepatan Maju Traktor dan Putaran Pisau Pemotong Pada Pengeprasan Tebu Ratoon
Full text linkAnalysis on Forward Speed of Tractor and The Spin of Cutter Knife on Ratoon Sugarcane Stubble ShaverABSTRACT. Cultivating ratoon sugarcane by using a stubble shaver conducted on sugarcane cultivation could save the cost of production. A good cultivation could be done by cutting the rest of the plant to the ground. The tool that commonly used was a hoe and a stubble shaver. Revitalization program that included the production of mechanical tools, in addition to providing lucrative benefits in the production business, on the other hand also had weaknesses in some aspects. To improve the quality and efficiency of the tool functions required the development and improvement tools. For example, the development and improvement efforts on tools sugarcane stubble shaver. Therefore, it still needed to conduct research on sugarcane stubble shaver machines to improve productivity especially in the cultivation of ratoon sugarcane stubble by improving the quality of results that would not break the ratoon sugarcane. The purpose of this study was to analyze the forward speed of the tractor and the blade rotation speed of ratoon sugarcane
Perbandingan Nilai Intersepsi Pohon Mahoni (Swietania mahagoni) dan Pohon Pinus (Casuarina cunninghamia)
Full text linkComparation of Interception Loss on Mahoni (Swietania mahagoni) and Pinus (Casuarina cunninghamia)ABSTRACT. Interception of rain is the retention of rainwater on surface vegetation before it evaporates back into the atmosphere. Research relating to the interception is still lacking, so it is necessary to study the interception on some types of plants. Although the interception had a little value, and sometimes overlooked, but in some plants have a considerable effect. The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of interception in Mahogany and Pine trees, as well as to determine the relationship between rainfall and interception. In this study, samples taken at the Mahogany and Pine trees by the number of 3 samples of each tree. There were two approaches to measure the amount of interception, the first approach was the Volume Balance Approach and the second approach was the Energy Balance Approach. In this study, the volume balance approach, with measurements of rainfall, throughfall, stemflow and interception for ten days of rainfall. The average amount of interception Mahogany obtained 15.5 mm (7.31%) of the total amount of rainfall and the correlation coefficient (r) was at 0.554. While the average number of interception Pinus acquired 87.23 mm (41.15%) of the total amount of rainfall and the correlation coefficient (r) was at 0.505. The size of the interception was influenced by wind speed, density and canopy shape. The research obtained that the interception for pine trees was higher than Mahogany trees. The results also showed that the higher percentage of rainfall, the smaller interception. This was due to the canopy conditions and climatic factors
Standardisasi Waktu Kerja Pada Unit Pengolahan Kakao, Koperasi Rimbun, Pidie Jaya
Full text linkStandardization of Working Time at Cocoa Processing Unit, Rimbun Cooperative, Pidie JayaABSTRACT. Rimbun Cooperative is a business unit operating a chocolate factory producing several chocolate products such as cocoa fat, cocoa powder, 3 in 1 instant drinks (sachets), and chocolate bars. This research aims to measure standard times of operators in all working stations of the chocolate factory. These standards comprised the standards in roasting, peeling, pasting, pressing, powdering, powder sieving, powder mixing, dough mixing, refining, and chonching working stations. The data were directly collected using Time Study method with Stop Watch. The samples were randomly selected with five (5) repetitions; and the standard times were measured using Westinghouse Method to quantify performance and allowance factors. The result shows that standard times of operators in each working station are as follows: roasting (36 minutes), peeling (193 minutes), pasting (276 minutes), pressing (78 minutes), powdering (17 minutes), powder sieving (14 minutes), powder mixing (36 minutes), dough mixing (17 minutes), refining (30 minutes), and chonching (30 minutes). In peeling, pasting, powdering, powder sieving working stations, standard times of operators cannot be separated with working times of machines because the operators are required to run the machines (sequence). In general, standard times of operators, after calculation, are larger than direct records because during the working times, operators would not or could not use allowance factors for personal uses, such as for going to bathroom, drinking, and socializing with their colleagues as means to reduce stress or boredom
Karakteristik Lokasi dan Pola Resapan: Data, Analisis dan Respon
Full text linkCharacteristics of the Location and Recharge Pattern: Data, Analysis and ResponseABSTRACT. Infiltration as a movement of water could determine a large amount of water which could move over the soil surface to the river, and the water that went into the ground. The information of water infiltration in watershed was required to make decision about sustainable water resources. On the other hand, the infiltration was dynamic, that was why it was interesting to be analyzed. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in volume that occurred in the watershed catchment of Krueng Peusangan. Having viewed the differences and similarities location against variabel temperature, evapotranspiration, moisture, discharge, rainfall for the fivepoint, watershed locations of Krueng Peusangan using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Based on PCA, the location was selected to analyze the volume of leach discharge measured during 2008-2011 in Wih Nareh and Kr. Teumbo. Absorption volume indicated that occurred instable infiltration at Kr. Teumbo. It needed guidelines for land use arrangement and forest function, especially in the recharge area. So, it could maintain the balance of hydrological cycle, groundwater quantity and quality properly