Almatourism - Journal of Tourism, Culture and Territorial Development

Roggero, Elisabetta

AlmaTourism N. 3, 2011: Gramscian Net: a way to share and spread Antonio Gramsci's works 
and studies in the age of internet 
 
  
almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
 
47
 
 
 
The basic idea of this project started about four years ago, facing some difficulties to reach 
studies about Gramsci from abroad, while I was working on the first part of my 
bibliographical and historiographical work for my Ph.D. Thesis on the Reception of Gramsci in 
former BRD and DDR. 
The first and greatest help at the beginning of my researches was the wide meta search 
engine interface offered by the University of Karlsruhe, the KarlsruheVirtual Catalog, it has 
been the definitive tool to locate the texts I need, but since gramscian studies cover a wide 
variety of topics and methodological approaches, it became soon clear how it would have 
been logistically hard to find all the studies I was looking for through a jungle of German 
libraries. 
At that time I could already count on the help of other gramscian intelletectuals from the 
Inkrit.org circle, who helped me getting those texts I needed, but located in some periferical 
libraries of Germany. At that time I realized how hard it would have been for me, to find such 
a great amount of works without the personal help of other persons staying in Germany. This 
was the first thought for creating a Gramscian Net, people who could help directly each 
other. 
Another point of my previous experience who lead to the decision to create a Net for the 
persons interested on Gramsci was the enormous lack of gramscian texts available on the 
internet. 
Most of the publications of Gramscian writings are not published anymore, we cannot count 
on a digital and free edition of his complete works (despite the attempt of liberliber to 
digitalize into downloadable word documents of the oldest anthologies of Gramsci's texts) 
and, most of all, no redirections from search engines about specific topics touched or 
developed by Gramsci. 
The goal of Gramscian Net is to become a place where people interested on Gramsci can 
connect with each other, can exchange documents and be helpful with each other and not 
least the chance to publish articles, thesis, general works on Gramsci directly by the users. 
                                                 
∗
 E-mail address: gramscianet@gmail.com  
Contents liste available at Cib.Unibo                         
 
AlmaTourism 
 
 homepage: almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
___________________________________________________________ 
Gramscian Net: a way to share and spread 
Antonio Gramsci's works and studies in the 
age of internet  
 
Roggero, E.
∗
 
University of Urbino (Italy) 
 
 


English

Gramscian Net: a way to share and spread Antonio Gramsci's works and studies in the age of internet

Casari, Mario

Giacomo Corna Pellegrini Spandre, Geographer and man of knowledge

Ravara Montebelli, Cristina

AlmaTourism N. 3, 2011: Beyond the fortifications… Rimini’s archaeology 
 
  
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After the Austrians defeat at Solferino (24 June 1859), the romagnole’s legations proclaimed 
the end of the temporary power of the Church and the approval to annex the Kingdom of 
Sardegna, which were admitted the 10th of May 1860. 
On the 7
th
 of September 1859 Garibaldi is in Rimini and on the 19th of October, General 
Manfredi Fanti commands his vice Garibaldi to defend the frontier, to resist the enemy and 
once pushed back, to give chase beyond the border, and in the end to send the armaments 
and soldiers to the cities and provinces of the Marche, to rebel.[Masetti Zannini 1990, 284-
286] 
What is the border between the Pontifical State and the free part of the Septentrional Italy? 
Rimini or more likely Cattolica Tavollo River, where the artillery is positioned, which Garibaldi 
repeatedly visited in September of 1859.  
General Fanti in his daily order from the 18th of November 1859 declared that in order to 
obtain a positive outcome was dependent on the numerous ranks of soldiers at their disposal 
and on the fact that their building fortifications at Mirandola and Rimini, while Bologna “cinta 
di cannoni, diverrà in un’epoca non lontana il centro che ci darà sicurezza e protezione in 
qualunque evento”. [De La  Bédolliére 1859, 200]  
On the 8
th
 of December Major Lissana of the Military Intelligence sent a letter to the Mayor 
of Rimini, in which he suggests to nominate an expert for the evaluation of the fields to 
expropriate and to excavate the fortifications: “Per ordine di S.E. il generale in capo delle 
truppe della Lega dell’Italia centrale dovendo mandare ad effetto nella città di Rimini taluni 
lavori di fortificazione, i quali richiedono l’occupazione di vari terreni: così sarà compiacente 
nominare un perito agrario di questo Municipio per la dovuta stima di quei terreni. I suddetti 
lavori non ammettendo indugio, la pregherei della sollecitudine di una tale nomina”. Il 
Gonfaloniere risponde che a termini di legge non può espopriare i terreni e il permesso deve 
venire dalla Sotto-Intendenza distrettuale [Archivio di Stato di Rimini, Archivio Storico 
Comunale, b. 837].  
The Mayor responds that lawfully one cannot expropriate the fields and that the permit 
derives from the Sotto-Intendenza Distrettuale.  
The works are done between February and March 1860 and came to realization by the 10th 
Company of the 2nd Military Intelligence’s Regiment, which in September of the same year 
they would be engaged in the attack of the San Leo Fortress and subsequentely in the siege 
of Ancona. [Menabrea 1864, 20-21] 
                                                 
*
 E-mail address: cris-rav@libero.it - Mobile: +39 3493628804   
 
Contents liste available at Cib.Unibo                         
 
AlmaTourism 
 
 homepage: almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
___________________________________________________________ 
Beyond the fortifications… Rimini’s 
archaeology 
 
Ravara Montebelli, C.
*
 
Museo della Marineria di Pesaro W. Patrignani, Pesaro (Italy) 
 
 
AlmaTourism N. 3, 2011: Beyond the fortifications… Rimini’s archaeology 
 
  
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Maurizio Quadrio, in an article of the periodical, Pensiero e azione, of February 1860, about 
the fortifications comments: “c’è tanta esuberanza di pubblico e privato peculio che si 
gettano milioni in fortificazioni di lusso intorno a Bologna e a Rimini, fortificazioni di lusso, 
dico io, poiché, grazie al cielo, non esiste più frontiera alla Cattolica, ma una sola frontiera 
d’Italia al Capo Passaro e al Brenner […]”. [Quadrio 1860, 371-372]  
In fact these fortifications will never witness battles, because the war manoeuvers will move 
in the Marche region, but the excavations of the enormous trenches around the suburbs of 
the city, in particular beyond August Arch, at the margins of the ancient Flaminia Road and 
beyond Porta Montanara, along the ancient Aretina Road, are the opportunities to discover 
numerous works in marbles and epigraphs related to Roman graves, situated on the margins 
of the consular roads. 
The importance of the find convinced the municipal administration to continue the 
archaeological excavations also in the following year 1861, before the trenches were 
recovered: the explorations were rewarded for the discoveries of one-hundred pieces, 
among some inscripted steles, pieces of entire column, but above all the blocks of marble 
which form two important dado funerary monuments, with decorated frieze, of republican 
epoch (I sec. a.C.), with respective names of the deceased Caius Maecius and Quintus Ovius.  
The written and the interpretation of the inscriptions of these epigraphics monuments 
occupied for a long time the most illustrious epigraphists of the times, among them Gaetano 
Rocchi and Bartolomeo Borghesi and even to this day there are disputes among the experts. 
[Donati 1995, 394-398] 
Luigi Tonini the first to note the discoveries in 1862, in appendix of the 3rd volume of his 
monumental Storia di Rimini, wanted show the epigraphies most representative in the 
Galleria Nuova Archeologica, staged by him in Biblioteca Gambalunga [Tonini 1862, XXV-
XXXVIII], which constitutes the most ancient nucleus of the actual Musei Comunali di Rimini. 
In 1923 all the materials of the museum collection, included the epigraphies of what we 
speak, they were moved and temporary shown in the S. Francesco Convent, once situated 
near the Malatestian Temple, then destroyed by the war, since 1994 they are visible in the 
Lapidario of the actual site of the City Museum, in the ex Collegio dei Gesuiti in via Luigi 
Tonini [Pasini 1995, 7-14]. 
 
 
 
 
 
References 
 
De La Bédolliére E. (1859), La Guerra d’Italia del 1859, Napoli: Gargiulo.  
Donati A. (1995), Il più antico monumento ariminense: semiologie e scrittura, in Pro poplo 
arimenese, Atti del Convegno  internazionale Rimini antica. Una respublica fra terra e mare 
(Rimini 1993), A. Calbi e G. Susini (a cura di), Faenza: Fratelli Lega Editori, pp. 394-398. 
Masetti Zannini G.L. (1990), Il Risorgimento, in Storia illustrata di Rimini, P. Meldini e A. 
Turchini (a cura di), vol. 1, Milano, pp. 278-288. 
Menabrea L.F. (1864), Il Genio nella campagna d’Ancona e della Bassa Italia 1860-1861, 
Torino: G. Favale. 
Pasini P.G. (1995), Museo della Città. Guida catalogo, Rimini: La Pieve.    
Quadrio M. (1860), Nunc est bibendum, nunc pede libero pulsando tellus…E’ tempo di bere e 
ballare??, «Pensiero e azione», n. 29 (3 febbraio), pp. 371-372. 
Tonini L. (1862), Storia civile e sacra riminese, vol. 3, Rimini: Malvolti ed Ercolani.     


Beyond the fortifications… Rimini’s archaeology

Amelio et al., Aurora

AlmaTourism N. 4, 2011: The European Summer School of Tourism Sciences VALORTUR in 
Paris 
 
 
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The European Summer School of Tourism Sciences VALORTUR is an intensive training course 
about  the  “Touristic  valorisation  of  environmental  and  cultural  resources,  that  gathers 
together classes and lectures, guided excursions, round tables, seminars and fieldworks. This 
international  program  has  been  created  in  2010  by  the  Università  di  Cassino  (Italy),  in 
cooperation with the Université de Paris I “Panthéon Sorbonne” (France) and the Universidad 
de Valencia (Spain) and is one of the Lifelong Learing Programme Erasmus. Participants to the 
project  are  University  professors,  researchers  and  students  from  Bachelor’s  Degree  and 
Masters Courses.  They  are  required  to  speak  their mother  tongues  and  at  the  same  time 
understand the other ones as an intercommunication perspective among Romanic languages. 
Twenty‐five students and twenty University professors (five for each University) have taken 
part to the first edition of this Summer School, held  in Terracina from 27th June to 11th July 
2010. The program included ten specialising lessons about Tourism Economy and Marketing, 
Tourism Statistics, Tourism Legislation, Mountain Tourism and so on.  
The second edition of 2011 took place in Paris from 9th to 21st July and, for the first time, the 
Università  di  Bologna  collaborated  thanks  to  its  faculties  in  Tourism  Economy  (Bachelor 
Degree)    and  Tourism  Economy  and  Management  of  Rimini  multi  campus  (Master  of 
Science).  Though  there  were  no  students  from  the  French  University,  sixteen  students  ‐ 
twelve  Italians and four Spanish‐ attended the classes. The teaching staff was composed of 
several professors: seven from the Università di Cassino, two from Alma Mater Studiorum di 
Bologna, five of Universidad de Valencia, six from Université Paris I “Panthéon Sorbonne” and 
two  guest professors, one  from  the Université  Paris  IV  and one  from  the  École Nationale 
Supérieure de Paysage de Versailles. A total of eighty hours courses were held, most of which 
were lectures in the University halls of Sorbonne and IREST (Institut de Recherche et d’Etudes 
Superiéures du Tourisme) while the other ones were TD terrain on stage. The topics covered 
ranged over  a wide  variety of  subjects:  from  the  tourism  valorization  through  Internet  to 
mental maps, from tourists statistics to quality certifications of tourist accommodation, from 
museum tourism to marketing and management of touristic destinations.  
On  another  side,  the  TD  terrain  focused  on  the  touristic  valorization  and  urban 
requalification of suburbian areas. 
                                                 
* E‐mail address: amelioaurora@virgilio.it  
Contents liste available at Cib.Unibo                         
 
AlmaTourism 
 
 homepage: almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
___________________________________________________________ 
The European Summer School of Tourism 
Sciences VALORTUR in Paris 
 
Amelio, A.* 
Carrara, A. 
Gobbi, F. 
Testa, C. 
University of Bologna (Italy) 
 
 
AlmaTourism N. 4, 2011: The European Summer School of Tourism Sciences VALORTUR in 
Paris 
 
 
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Following, a description for each excursion. 
The Domaine National de Versailles  is one of the most famous cultural places  in the world. 
Once  there, a discussion about marketing strategies  to capture  the new  typologies of post 
modern  tourists  and  the  relationship between  the  castle  and  the  village of Versailles was 
covered. 
The Marais, Paris   historical neighbourhood, which has  largely over  the  last  years evolved 
going through various phases: from real seat to popular area.  
Nowadays the Marais is one of Paris most popular areas both for tourists and citizens. 
Saint Denis, a little village at the gates of Paris, is famous for the Stade de France. The current 
aim  of  the  local  City  Administration  is  to  sensitize  the  citizens  particularly  about  urban 
regeneration and environmental improvements, enhancing his image of banlieu and opening 
up to cultural tourism, also thanks to  its cathedral and to the Parc de  la Légion d’Honneur. 
Moreover, Saint Denis has promoted “La Plaine Commune”, an urban development project 
that involves eight villages in the surroundings of Paris: its goal is to divert touristic flows out 
of Paris.  
The TD terrain highlighted two different aspects of the same city: the touristic one and the 
popular one.  
Moreover,  students were  involved  in  the  Fête  de  la  République  Française  and  played  an 
active role during the celebrations. 
The cité‐jardin de Stains is another city of Paris suburbs. It was created as a popular area built 
thanks  to a massive social housing policy  for Paris workers  in order  to  improve  their  living 
conditions. Since  it  is now part of “La Plaine Commune”,  the municipality wants  to restore 
urban spaces and give more services to the community such as schools, gyms and so on. 
The  Défense  was  an  industrial  district  in  the  north  of  Paris  that  has  now  become  a 
worldwide‐ known business district. In the late years, thanks to various modern works of art 
placed  in  the  main  square,  it  has  become  a  plein  air  museum  and  a  cultural  tourism 
destination. 
Shopping  tourism.  TD  terrain  has  underlined  the  relationship  between  consumption  and 
tourism  through  shopping  activity.  The  tour was  done  in  the most  famous  Paris    sopping 
streets, travelling across the itineraries proposed by “Shopping Book” editing by Paris Office 
du Tourisme et des Congrès. 
In another TD terrain, this time without guide, students had the possibility to deepen their 
city knowledge through different activities. Some of them went to the most important Paris 
museums like Louvre, Musée d’Orsay, Musée Cluny and Centre Pompidou, some to the flea 
market  and  some  other  to  Disneyland.  At  the  end  of  the  day  they  all  gathered  behind 
Montmartre Cathedral, where they spent their evening. 
VALORTUR girls that had already been to Paris, took advantage over the few free moments 
after courses to chaperon their fellow travellers ‐who were in the French capital for the first 
time‐ across the most important monuments, districts and places that must be seen when in 
Paris. 
VALORTUR team organised two dinners to encourage socialization and  intercommunication 
among all the students  in two typical Parisian restaurants: Le Bouillon Chartier and Au Bon 
Coin. 
Le Bouillon Chartier  is a historical restaurant  in Liberty style, which has  ‐ over the decades‐ 
always been appreciated by many celebrities and just as many anonymous people. Having a 
dinner here means to empathize with Parisian lifestyle. The staff is nice and helpful and takes 
the order on the table covers. 
Au  Bon  Coin  is  a  traditional  small  Parisian  restaurant with  a menu  offering  variations  of 
classic French dishes, that are displayed on blackboards around the restaurant. The staff    is 
friendly and very helpful. The  local  is often  full,  so  it  is  recommended  to book  in advance 
because Parisians eat there regularly too. 
AlmaTourism N. 4, 2011: The European Summer School of Tourism Sciences VALORTUR in 
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In  conclusion,  the  Summer  School  has  been  a  good  choice  both  for  studying    and  as  a 
travelling destination. 
The experience was very intense because the whole project was made at a very hectic pace. 
The  courses  took  place    from  9  a.m.  to  19  p.m.  and  on  some  days  both  lectures  and  TD 
terrain were held. Plus, Paris rainy weather did not help. 
Moreover,  since  the  female  students were  accommodated  in  Fondation Hellénique  in  the 
Citè  Universitaire  in  southern  Paris,  it  was  necessary  take  bus  and  metro  to  reach  the 
University in the city centre.  
From a more academic point of view, different kinds of teaching methods emerged: Spanish 
professors tried to involve the girls with discussions, Italian ones had a more traditional and 
academic  approach,  while  ‐during  the  guided  excursions‐  the  French  tended  to  consider 
students like a passive audience without encouraging students’ intercommunication. 
Concerning the classes, there were some differences between the female students because 
they came from various degree courses (some from humanistic areas, some from economy 
areas and then some from touristic areas), creating some difficulties in the comprehension of 
the specific subjects. 
Because  of  the  total  absence  of  French  students  and  the  prevalence  of  Italians,  the 
intercommunication was a little insufficient, since the Spanish students spoke Italian.  
Overall, this experience has been also positive because it made it possible to meet University 
professors  from  different  countries  always willing  to  give  explanations,  advices  or  course 
material  to students,  in order  to write  their  final papers. The courses vastly contributed  to 
increase the value of the Summer School, thanks to the prestige of the Université de Paris I 
“Panthéon Sorbonne” ‐ one of the most ancient in the world‐ and the reputation of the IREST 
(l'Institut de Recherche et d'Études Supérieures du Tourisme), affiliated to the World Tourism 
Organization.  
Plus,  many  expenses  were  also  already  covered  for  the  participants  –  except  meal 
allowances‐  of  VALORTUR  for  example  social  activities,  public  transport  seasonal  tickets, 
museum pass and accommodation at the Fondation Hellenique. Social activities, in particular, 
contributed to create a cohesive group, in which participators were really integrated. In fact, 
students  created  a  climate  of  confidence  among  them  thus  establishing  future  friendly 
relationships  and  they  also  got  to  know  their University professors  in  a different  and  less 
formal way, not only like professionals.  
Lectures  and  TD  have  increased  cultural  background  of  all  the  participants.  Particularly, 
thanks to TD, students have discovered a new image of Paris, focusing on new and unknown 
amenities outside the traditional touristic itineraries. 
At the end of these twelve days spent in Paris, the Summer School VALORTUR 2011 resulted 
as an intensive and positive experience, despite its application costs for all the participators. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AlmaTourism N. 4, 2011: The European Summer School of Tourism Sciences VALORTUR in 
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        Pict. 1: While waiting to enter the palace of Versailles. 
 
 
 
Pict. 2: Two hours to enter the palace of Versailles  
AlmaTourism N. 4, 2011: The European Summer School of Tourism Sciences VALORTUR in 
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Pict. 3: Shopping itineraries in Paris 
 
 
 
AlmaTourism N. 4, 2011: The European Summer School of Tourism Sciences VALORTUR in 
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Pict. 4: The garden of Versailles 
 
 
 
 
Pict. 5: The Fondation Hellenic in the Cité Universitaire (Paris) 
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Pict. 6: IREST (Paris1, Panthéon‐Sorbonne) 
 
 
Pict. 7: The garden city of Stains (Saint Denis, Paris) 
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Pict. 8: The Defense (Paris) 
 
 
Pict. 9: Together at the restaurant (Paris) 
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Pict. 10: Together in Rimini 
 


The European Summer School of Tourism Sciences VALORTUR in Paris

Citti, Alessandra

Building a user-driven academic library

Calanca, Daniela

AlmaTourism N.2, 2010 : Book’s Suggestion  July ‐ December 2010 
 
 
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Under this column are reported the volumes reached at the editorial office, or reported by 
collaborators,  readers,  authors,  publishers.  The  multiple  indications  reflect  the 
interdisciplinary nature of Journal. 
 
AA. VV.,  In volo sull’archeologia, White Star 
 
AA. VV., Urban Contest Roma 2010, Drago Arts&Comunicatio  
 
AA.VV., Sviluppo sostenibile, tutela dell’ambiente e della salute umana, Morlacchi Editore 
 
Amorosino S., Introduzione al diritto del paesaggio, Laterza 
 
Andriani C.,(a c. di), Il patrimonio e l’abitare, Donzelli 
 
Angelico F., Un tuffo nel passato in un’isola da sogno, Armando Editore 
 
Annaloro G. et al. (a c. di), I colori della memoria. Curtatone: ieri e oggi, Franco Angeli 
 
Armiero M., Hall M. (ed.), Nature and History in Modern Italy, Ohio University Press 
 
Badii M., Cibo in festa fra tradizione e trasformazioni. Pratiche e rappresentazioni alimentari 
in un contesto mezzadrile, Franco Angeli 
 
Bandera M.C.,  Morandi. L’essenza del paesaggio, Motta 
 
Banti A.M. (a c. di), Nel nome dell’Italia, Laterza 
 
Battilani P., Pivato S. (a c. di), Il turismo nei piccoli borghi fra cultura e ri‐definizione 
dell’identità urbana: il caso di San Marino, AIEP Editore 
 
Battuta I., Travels in Asia and Africa 1325‐1354, Routledge 
  
                                                 
∗ E‐mail address daniela.calanca@unibo.it – Phone: +39 0541 434061 – Mobile: +39 3333589473 
 
Contents liste available at Cib.Unibo                         
 
AlmaTourism 
 
 homepage: almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
___________________________________________________________
Book’s Suggestion  July ‐ December 2010 
  
Calanca, D.∗ 
Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Bologna (Italy) 
 
 
AlmaTourism N.2, 2010 : Book’s Suggestion  July ‐ December 2010 
 
 
almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
 
76
Benedetto L. F., The Travels of Marco Polo, Routledge 
 
Benson A. M. (ed.), Volunteer Tourism, Routledge 
 
Bogdandy A., The Exercise of public authority by international institutions: advancing 
international institutional law, Springer  
 
Canistro A. P., L’utopia dell’ecologia. Una proposta per uno sviluppo più sostenibile, L’Autore 
Libri Firenze 
 
Cardini F. et al., Gli anni di Genova, Laterza 
 
Censis, Quarantaquattresimo Rapporto sulla situazione sociale del Paese 2010, Franco Angeli 
 
Cerina F. et al. (ed.), Economics of Sustainable Tourism, Routledge  
 
Chibili M., Basic Management Accounting for the Hospitality Industry, Routledge 
 
Ciappei C., Surchi M., Cultura. Economia & Marketing, Firenze University Press 
 
Ciervo M., Geopolitica dell’acqua, Carocci 
 
Cinti D. (a c. di), Turismo rurale e progetto di paesaggio, Alinea Editrice 
 
Conlin M., Jolliffe L. (ed.), Mining Heritage and Tourism, Routledge 
 
Dabove L., Turco A., Colonna M., Eurhop! La prima guida turistica alla birra in Europa, 
Publigiovane Media Publishing 
 
Dall’Ara G., Manuale dell’albergo diffuso. L’idea, la gestione, il marketing dell’ospitalità 
diffusa, Franco Angeli 
 
Del Biondo C. et al.,  Fra mercato comune e globalizzazione, Franco Angeli 
 
De Paoli R. G., Rischio sismico e centri urbani. Verso nuove forme di pianificazione del 
territorio e di recupero dei centri urbani, Franco Angeli 
 
Duvelle C., Aux sources des musiques du monde,  UNESCO Collection Patrimoine Immatériel 
 
Fernandez‐Armesto F., La nascita delle civiltà, Bruno Mondadori 
 
Ferraioli O., Iani E., Quelle reti in mezzo al mare, Donzelli 
 
Galli Della Loggia E., L’identità italiana, il Mulino 
 
Gillman D., The Idea of Cultural Heritage, Cambridge University Press 
 
Giorgieri P. (a c. di), Firenze. Il progetto urbanistico. Scritti e contributi 1975‐2010, Alinea 
Editrice 
 
Gossling S., Carbon Management in Tourism, Routledge 
 
AlmaTourism N.2, 2010 : Book’s Suggestion  July ‐ December 2010 
 
 
almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
 
77
Hall M. C. (ed.), Fieldwork in Tourism. Methods, Issues and Reflections, Routledge 
 
Hall M., Saarinen J., Tourism and Change in Polar Regions, Rotledge 
 
Hannam K., Diekmann A., Tourism in India. A Critical Introduction, Routledge 
 
Hansjorg K., Piccola storia del paesaggio, Donzelli 
 
Holland G., Pugh D., Troubled  waters: ocean science and governance, Cambridge University 
Press 
 
Lampe K‐H, et al., Definition des CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model, ICOM Deutschland 
 
La Porta F. (a c. di), Uno sguardo sulla città, Donzelli 
 
Lazzarin P., Dolomiti Patrimonio dell’Umanità. Le conquiste dell’impossibile, Panorama 
 
Lefèvre R.‐A., Sabbioni C., Climate Change and Cultural Heritage, Edipuglia 
 
Leonardi A., Il credito cooperativo in una realtà marginale, Franco Angeli 
 
Mcdonald M. H. et al, Piani di Marketing. Come prepararli e come utilizzarli al meglio, Franco 
Angeli 
 
Macleod D., Gillespie S. (ed.), Sustainable Tourism in Rural Europe, Routledge 
 
Maffi L., Storia di un territorio rurale. Vigne e vini nell’ Oltrepo’ pavese, Franco Angeli  
 
Mai M. (a c. di), Dizionario bibliografico di urbanistica, Maggioli Editore 
 
Massiera B., Tourisme sportif en quête d’identité, Editions Universitaires Europeennes 
 
Minervino M. F., Statale 18, Fandango 
Montaldi D., Alasia F., Milano, Corea, Donzelli 
 
Mosedale J. (ed.), Political Economy of Tourism. A Critical Perspective, Routledge 
 
Moseley C. (ed.), Atlas des langues en danger dans le monde, UNESCO Collection Mémoire 
des peuples 
 
Murphy L. et al., Tourist Shopping Villages, Routledge 
 
Noe F., Uysal M., Magnini V., Tourist Costumer Service Satisfaction. An Encounter Approach, 
Routledge 
 
Panara M., La malattia dell’Occidente, Laterza 
 
Pearce P., Filep S., Ross G., Tourists, Tourism and the Good Life, Routledge 
 
Pinoli G., La  «mia» Europa. Vista e piaciuta, L’Autore Libri Firenze 
 
Pratesi F., Storia della natura d’Italia, Rubbettino 
AlmaTourism N.2, 2010 : Book’s Suggestion  July ‐ December 2010 
 
 
almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
 
78
 
Prideaux B., Carson D., Drive Tourism. Trends and Emerging Markets, Routledge 
 
Ravara Montebelli C. (ed.), Alea Iacta Est. Cesare in archivio, Società Editrice «Il Ponte 
Vecchio» 
 
Sala S., Castellani V., Significato e prospettive della sostenibilità, Tangram Edizioni Scientifiche 
Trento 
 
Sather‐Wagstaff J., Heritage that Hurts: Tourists in the Memoryscapes of September 11 
(Heritage, Tourism&Community), Left Coast Press 
 
Sgritta G.B., Dentro la crisi. Povertà e processi di impoverimento in tre aree metropolitane, 
Franco Angeli 
 
Sharpley R., Stone P. (ed.), Tourist Experience. Contemporary Perspectives, Routledge 
 
Soumana S., La valorisation touristique du patrimoine pour un développement local, Editions 
Universitaires Europeennes 
 
Stausberg M., Religion and Tourism. Crossroads, Destinations and Encounters, Routledge 
 
Taylor P. (ed.), Torkildsen’s Sport and Leisure Management, Routledge 
 
Thurlow C., Jaworski A., Tourism Discourse, Palgrave Mcmillian 
 
Torelli G., Paesaggi, Interlinea 
 
Treccani G. P. (a c. di), aree archeologiche e centri storici, Franco Angeli 
 
Violante A., Vitale A., L’Europa alle frontiere dell’Unione. Questione di geografia storica e di 
relazioni internazionali delle periferie continentali, Unicopli 
 
Zamperini A., Verona. Arte, Architettura e Paesaggio, Sassi 
 
Kieskamp A. (ed.), Sense and Sensitivity: the Dutch and delicate heritage issues, ICOM 
Nederland 
 
Kozak M., S. Baloglu, Managing and Marketing Tourist Destinations, Routledge 
 
Küster H., Piccola storia del paesaggio, Donzelli 


Book’s Suggestion July - December 2010

Bagnaresi, Davide

AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Forthcoming Events 
”  
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 35
 
 
Heritage 2010 - 2nd International Conference on Heritage and Sustainable Development 
23 - 26 June 2010  
Evora, Portugal  
Website: http://www.heritage2010.greenlines-institute.org 
4th World Human Rights Forum 
28 June 2010 
Nantes, France 
Website: http://www.spidh.org/fr/le-forum-2010/index.html  
 
Inclusive Museum--Third International Conference on the Inclusive Museum 
29 June - 2 July 2010  
Istanbul, Turkey  
Website: http://www.Museum-Conference.com 
Meeting bureau and drafting group of COMEST (World Commission on the Ethics of Scientific 
Knowledge and Technology) Drafting Group for the study on the advisability of preparing a 
declaration of ethical principles in relation to climate change 
1 July 2010  
Paris, France 
Website:  http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/events/all-events/showUid/685/  
 
Sustainable Tourism 2010: Fourth International Conference on Sustainable Tourism 
5 - 7 July 2010  
New Forest, United Kingdom 
Website: http://www.wessex.ac.uk/10-conferences/sustainable-tourism-2010.html 
 
 
 
                                                 
∗ Tel.:+39 0541 434061; cell. +39 3333589473;  
email address  daniela.calanca@unibo.it   
∗∗
 Tel.:+39 0541434417; cell. +39 3494094817;  
email address  davide.bagnaresi2@unibo.it 
 
Contents liste  available at Cib.Unibo                         
 
AlmaTourism 
 
Journal homepage: www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
___________________________________________________________ 
 
Forthcoming Events 
 
 
Calanca, D.
∗
 Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Alma Mater 
Studiorum - University of Bologna,  Italy 
Bagnaresi D.
∗∗
,  
Faculty of Economics -Rimini, University of Bologna, Italy 
 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Forthcoming Events 
”  
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 36
4th International Colloquium on Tourism and Leisure 
6 - 9 July 2010  
Bangkok, Thailand 
Website: http://www.ictlconference.com 
 
 
The Fourth International Tourism and Media (ITAM) Conference 
11 - 13 July 2010  
Prato, Italy  
Website: http://www.buseco.monash.edu.au/units/tru/events/itam/itam-2010.html 
Ramayana: Reinterpretation in Asia 
17 - 18 July 2010  
Singapore, Singapore 
Website: http://www.acm.org.sg/exhibitions/eventdetail.asp?eventID=618 
 
34th Session of The World Heritage Committee 
25 July 2010 
Brasilia, Brazil  
Website:  http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/events/all-events/showUid/706/ 
  
International Conference on "Democracy and Culture" 
15 July 2010  
Byblos, Lebanon 
Website: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/events/all-events/showUid/907/  
 
Medical Tourism between Countries of the Former USSR and Germany An Overview and an 
Introduction to German Healthcare 
26 - 27 August 2010  
Berlin, Germany 
Website: http://mednetberlin.de/conference/conference.html 
 
11th World Leisure Congress 
28 August - 2 September 2010  
Chuncheon, Korea (South) 
Website: http://www.worldleisure2010.org 
 
Ecotourism and Sustainable Tourism Conference (ESTC) 
8 - 10 September 2010  
Portland, Oregon, United States 
Website: http://www.ecotourismconference.org 
 
7th Iberian Congress of African Studies - 50 years of african independencies: challenges to 
modernity 
9 - 11 September 2010  
Lisbon, Portugal  
Website: http://cea.iscte.pt/ciea7/en/index.html 
Museums and the Market Conference 
10 - 11 September 2010  
Leeds, United Kingdom  
Website: http://www.mghg.org 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Forthcoming Events 
”  
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 37
Tourism and Seductions of Difference: 1st Tourism-Contact-Culture Research Network 
Conference 10 - 12 September 2010  
Lisbon, Portugal 
Website: http://www.cria.org.pt  
 
Journeys of Expression VIII: Celebrating through Times of Crisis: Prospects and Potentials for 
Tourism, Festivals and Cultural Events 
11 - 12 September 2010  
Copenhagen, Denmark 
Website: http://www.tourism-culture.com/conferences_and_events.html 
 
60th conference of AIEST 
12 - 16 September 2010  
Potchefstroom, North West Province, South Africa 
Website: http://www.aiest.org 
 
 
Construction of Identities and Imperialism During the 19th and 20th Centuries 
16 - 17 September 2010  
Santander, Cantabria, Spain 
Website: http://www.ahistcon.org/ 
 
 
The metamorphosis of the concept of humanity in migrating Europe seen from the 
perspective of literature, medicine and society 
20 - 21 September 2010  
Rome, Italy 
Website: http://www.uibk.ac.at/italienzentrum/italiana/convegnoroma.html 
 
 
International Hospitality and Tourism Research Conference Switzerland 
24-26 November 2010 
Sorenberg , Kanton Luzern (Switzerland) 
Website: http://www.htmi.ch  
 
International Conference on Business Hospitality and Tourism Management 
6 - 9 October 2010  
Montego Bay, St. James, Jamaica 
Website: http://www.utechjamaica.edu.jm/fobm_conf 
 
 
53° National Meeting “Associazione Italiana Insegnanti di Geografia” 
5° National Meeting “Associazione Italiana Insegnanti di Geografia  - Giovani” 
14° National Course di aggiornamento e sperimentazione didattica 
Abruzzo dignità antiche e identità future 
16-21 October 2010 
Giulianova Lido (TE), Italy 
Website: www.aiigabruzzo.it  
 
World Engineering Congress and Exhibition: ENGINEERING 2010 – ARGENTINA: “Technology, 
Innovation and Production for Sustainable Development” 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Forthcoming Events 
”  
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 38
17 to 20 October 2010  
Buenos Aires, Argentina 
Website: http://www.ingenieria2010.com.ar/en.html 
 
 
ISTTE Annual Conference 
18 - 22 October 2010  
L.A., United States 
Website: http://www.istte.org/conference.html 
 
IV SELICUP conference Past, Present and Future of Popular Culture: Spaces and Contexts 
20 - 22 October 2010  
Palma de Mallorca, Majorca, Balearic Islands, Spain 
Website: http://www.selicup2010.org 
 
9th Annual Tourism HR Forum 
15 -17 November 2010  
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 
Website: http://www.cthrc.ca/hrforum 
 
Seventh International Tourism Forum For Parliamentarians and Local Authorities,  
Previous Forum: Tourism: Responding to a Turbulent Economy and a Changing Climate – A 
conference for the Middle East and Mediterranean Region, by UNWTO,  
16-18 November 2010 
Puerto Vallarta , Mexico,  
Website: comm.@UNWTO.org – www.UNWTO.org  
 
International Committee of Museums of Ethnography 
7 - 12 November 2010  
Shanghai, China  
Website: http://icme.icom.museum/ 
11th International Joint World Cultural Tourism Conference 
12 - 14 November 2010  
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China 
Website: http://www.kasct.co.kr 
Global Sustainable Tourism 
15 - 19 November 2010  
Nelspruit, Mbombela, South Africa 
Website: http://www.mbombela.gov.za/International%20Conference1.html 
 
National Conference on Preservation and Promotion of Heritage 
24 - 26 November 2010  
George Town, Penang, Malaysia 
Website: http://www.usm.my/warisan2010/ 
 
European Conference for Academic Disciplines 
28 November - 3 December 2010  
Gottenheim near Freiburg, Germany 
Website: http://www.internationaljournal.org/germany.html 
 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Forthcoming Events 
”  
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 39
 
Travelling Languages: Culture, Communication and Translation in a Mobile World 
3 - 5 December 2010  
Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom 
Website: http://www.leeds.ac.uk/german/ialic_conference_2010.htm 
 
 
 
 
 
Contained Memory Conference 
9 - 11 December 2010  
Wellington, New Zealand 
Website: http://www.containedmemory.org.nz 
 
4th Annual International City-Break Conference: Business and Society in a Global Economy 
20 - 23 December 2010  
Athens, Greece 
Website: http://www.atiner.gr/cbc.htm 
 
 
OTHER EVENTS 
 
Baalbeck International Festival 
24 Jun-7Aug  
Baalbek Acropolis, Lebanon 
Website: www.baalbeck.org 
 
The Palio Horse Race 
2 July – 16 August 2010, 
Siena, Italy 
Website: http://palio.comune.siena.it/main.asp?id=0  
 
Ischia Film Festival 
4-10 July 2010 
Ischia, Italy 
Website: http://www.ischiafilmfestival.it/Home.htm 
 
Tuscan Sun Festival 
31 July – 5 August 2010 
Cortona, Italy 
Website: http://www.cortonaweb.net/eng/events/scheda_db.php?codice=984  
 
Edinburgh International Festival 
13 August- 5 September 2010 
Edinburgh, Scotland 
Website: http://www.eif.co.uk/ 
 
Shanghai Tourism Festival 
September 2010 
Website: http://events.frommers.com/sisp/index.htm?fx=event&event_id=13645  
 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Forthcoming Events 
”  
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 40
Tourism, Culture and Territorial Development: Communicating and telling places 
Summer School in Geography of Tourism University of Bologna - Rimini Campus 
30 August – 4 September 2010 
Website:http://www.polorimini.unibo.it/Polo+Rimini/Offerta+formativa/SummerSchool/Inte
rnational_Summer_School_in_Geography_of_Tourism_2010.htm  
 
International Day of Peace 
21 September 2010  
France, Paris 
Website: http://www.internationaldayofpeace.org/  
 
 


Italian

Forthcoming Events

Gualtiero, Lidia

AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Places of memory, Memory of Places: Square Tre Martiri in Rimini 
”  
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 70 
 
                                  
This is the title of a workshop activity conducted by the educational department of the 
Historical Institute of Rimini and two teachers with a secondary school class of First Instance 
of the city
1
 during the school year 2008/2009. But it is also logical conclusion of a two-year 
project that had put the memory at the core of teaching, the conclusion of a rigorous 
historical research based on documentary sources and historiographical texts, materials, 
written, iconographic and oral sources; the conclusion of an experiment, starting from the 
history of each pupil and student, that has grounded the study and knowledge of the "Big 
History", through the enhancement of local history. But what I want to emphasize, and which 
will be the subject of the subsequent discussion, is that this trial on "places of memory and 
the memory of places" has become part of an updating course for teachers organized by the 
Historical Institute of Rimini in the same year. However a premise is needed. The course is 
also the result of a reflection on the outcomes of a teaching itinerary promoted by the same 
Institute and made with various  local schools, in collaboration with teachers in classes. The 
aim was to stimulate students to discover that every inhabited place has a memory to save, 
to reconstruct and interpretation, a memory which there are often traces that remain silent 
because they are not interpreted. The undoubted interest in the classes involved, including 
the possibility of doing field research with the guidance of experienced personnel and 
awareness of the fact that «young people, whose memory is no longer transmitted by family 
and social community are led to regard the past as a temporal break, or rather a gap 
insignificant to their lives»
2
, inspired us to go further, planning a route that combines teacher 
training and action research with classes. From this it is meant to offer  to the teachers the 
opportunity to build a curriculum in history, starting from the places of local memory, that 
should set the broader objective of promoting heritage education and cultural heritage, to us 
as sources and objects of historical knowledge, creating many carriers and witnesses of the 
past. It’s true that in Primary and Secondary School of First Instance the local history is 
mandatory. But perhaps it is not dealt with due methodological rigueur or is not 
appropriately used for the value it can have on long term of interest. So we started from 
Rimini which as most of the Italian cities is rich in history. Particularly, it seemed significant 
                                                 
∗ cell. 329.7117594 
email address lidia.gualtiero@tele2.it 
 
1
 Classe terza A Scuola secondaria di I Grado “Alighieri Fermi” Rimini, teachers of projects: Franca 
Bonizzato, Paola Melucci 
2
 L. Lajolo, L’intreccio tra memorie e storia insegnata, in Bertacchi e Lajolo, L’esperienza del tempo.., pp. 
20-21. 
Contents liste available at Cib.Unibo                         
 
AlmaTourism 
 
Journal homepage: www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
___________________________________________________________ 
Places of Memory, Memory of Places: Square 
Tre Martiri in Rimini  
 
 
Gualtiero, L.
∗
 
“Istituto per la Storia dell’Italia contemporanea” of Province of  
Rimini, Italy 
 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Places of memory, Memory of Places: Square Tre Martiri in Rimini 
”  
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 71 
the intertwining with the Roman history, which has considerable signs Rimini, and the period 
of fascism and the last war, identifying what we might call a “time door” Tre Martiri Square, 
formerly Julius Caesar, former San Antonio and before  Major Square.  
 
The Tre Martiri Square (1944, after bombing) 
 
 
 
 
But it was even described as “clearing the main street”. Yes, because this was the answer 
given by a student of the class character of the aforementioned workshop activity to the 
question of what meaning for her the square in question. Answer probably common to the 
ears of many, but it encourages us to reflect on how we are perceived by the inhabitants, 
especially by younger generations, the places that constitute the cultural heritage of the city 
where they live.  While establishing, in 1992, as non-places
3
 those places of anonymity and 
solitude such as highways, train stations, airports, but also cars, trains, planes or even 
supermarket, large hotel chains and refugee camps, Marc Augè today makes his analysis in 
question in a more nuanced way. He sends out an alarm and tells us what is happening in the 
city centers, the areas where memory was most shared and had a stronger characterization: 
they have become increasingly similar to the perfection of airports, «designed to seduce the 
visitors came from far away and viewers, they are longer inhabited by the international 
elite»
4
. Certainly the  Marc Augés’ configuration of reality covers most major urban fabric, 
but also in smaller towns experience disorientation and loss of identity could happen. We 
realize that more and more of the  younger generations perceive the city and the countries in 
which they live as places of transit and not as communities or "text” readable to identify 
with.  There is a beautiful thought of Cesare Pavese that makes us understand how anyone 
can be, regardless, to a  place  of affection or a place that involves a root: «... a village means 
to be not alone to know that in people, plants, land there is something of you, that when 
                                                 
3
 Cfr. M. Augé, Nonluoghi. Introduzione a un’antropologia della surmodernità, Elèuthera, Milano 2005 
4
 M. Augé, Per un’antropologia della modernità, Jaka Book, Milano 2010. 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Places of memory, Memory of Places: Square Tre Martiri in Rimini 
”  
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 72 
you're not there it still waiting»
5
. This is not to say that a person should remain anchored to 
his place of origin, nor probably intended Pavese. Certainly a place becomes a country, a 
cradle if you have to do involve relations with the emotions. There are places where we feel 
protected, others scary and there is no doubt that the house where we lived for all our 
childhood is linked to emotional stress. And yet it is also a territory and not belonging to our 
roots can develop a sense of belonging if we get in contact with its history, if we learn to 
know and appreciate the artistic and cultural heritage, if we braiding in it relations. A place is 
something that lives on its past, persons who have lived it, the events that took place, the 
houses that were built gradually... (and it could go on). The problem then is to understand 
the places, so we can live well in it, to preserve but also to continue to modify them without 
changing its character of identity. But to understand it has become increasingly difficult 
because the generational link has been broken, because the “gulf of forgetfulness” threatens 
the lives of individuals anchoring them to a nostalgic past or ephemeral present, because of 
the dramatic interruption of symbolic production. What is opposing face of this reality?  
Certainly not resignation, but rather awareness of the importance that the school can play in 
providing teaching and learning curricula that provide young people with adequate tools for 
reading places of the individual and collective memory. Our intention is therefore to build a 
path for reading a place of memory, approaching the issue from different angles. 
Fundamentally it is to frame the problem historically.  
The training course was organized for teachers of every level of school at the City Museum. It 
was then opened with a report by historian Antonio Gibelli (Genoa University) entitled “The 
Roman Empire and its symbols through time”, where has addressed the issue “Romanism 
and Fascism: construction and dissemination of a myth. Imagery control and power in mass 
societies”.  
Then he entered into the specifics of  Roman Rimini and fascist Rimini we considered it  
important to reflect on the relationship that each person has with the memory and in 
particular with the sites of memory, individual and collective. And it  is an undoubted fact 
that all of us, teachers or not, to find ourselves face to face with our own and others’ 
memory, personal and family memory, collective and public. But this is not all: we must also 
relate to uses and abuses of memory or even better of memories, different and often 
conflicting and divided in their relations with the construction of historical sense and that of 
the public. For  history teachers, the involvement is more complex and urgent as they are 
required to directly address the problem of the complicated relationship between history 
and memory. As Ivo Mattozzi  stresses: «... is not true that is enough to live in history to have 
the ability to understand the links between biographic private processes and historical 
processes, to become a witness of history and to produce representations of past 
biographical historically intelligible. Is not enough to have lived to become historians of 
themselves. We need very different qualities: first, the ability to perform cognitive 
operations of production and structuring of information, attribution of meaning, 
communication processing. It should also be the mastery of historical knowledge concerning  
events, issues, historicized processes. And we need the exercise. In short, we need a kind of 
historical formation that teachers have never received by the University»
6
. Precisely to 
empower teachers, to stimulate the production of biographical and autobiographical 
memories of students in order to make them the subject of methodological analysis, to 
include memory in the teaching and learning cycle. The second round of training has been 
developed as essentially operational. After the necessary conceptual framework activities 
were presented which start from the memory of itself. Such activities which could be 
arranged by the teacher in the workshop activity and at the same time provide a stimulus for 
further research on the formation of a historical cognitive consciousness abilities.  
                                                 
5
 C. Pavese, La luna e i falò, Einaudi, Torino 1950. 
6
 Memoria e formazione storica, Il Bollettino di Clio ’92, Anno XI, n. 29, Marzo 2010. 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Places of memory, Memory of Places: Square Tre Martiri in Rimini 
”  
 
  
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The issue, “Memory, emotions, the places” was conducted by Maria Bacchi (Historical 
Institute of Mantua - Villa Emma Foundation of Nonantola).  In the second phase of the 
course we have entered into the scope of local history scope, specifically the Roman Rimini 
and fascist Rimini from the reading of sources: materials, iconography, papers, multimedia.  
In two subsequent lectures, one more theoretical and the other made on "field" through an 
output in the territory, archaeologist Cristina Ravara led teachers along a route that was 
centered on education to heritage and cultural heritage, seen as sources and objects of 
historical knowledge. We might say that this was a journey between the Roman monuments 
of Rimini during the fascism, between commemorations, celebrations and propaganda.  
The last stage of the training was the presentation of the entire workshop on "Places of 
memory, memory of places: Piazza Tre Martiri.  
 
 
The Tre Martiri Square (2010) 
 
(www.google.it ) 
 
 
A town’s place full of signs of the past”, which has been mentioned in the introduction, the 
result of a collaboration between teachers and experts, both at the design and operative as 
well in the commitment of students who have demonstrated interest and passion for the 
work of action research that saw them as protagonists. The results in terms of knowledge 
and skills confirmed, since there was a need, the value of a teaching focused laboratory 
activity and on the need to develop a rigorous teaching of specific sites. Approaching the 
local history with emphasis on place as a historical source, setting a work that can trace from 
a local event to a more general context, emphasizing the experiential dimension of the place 
as a container of memories, not only creates motivation to enhancing emotional ties, but 
also develops curiosity, and critical attitudes of respect to cultural heritage. The work was 
followed in a scientific manner at all stages of historical and educational research: from the 
collection and analysis of pre-existing knowledge of students in relation to the present and 
past, to the teeming in relation to the availability and classification of documents, to the read  
different types of sources, organization of information in textual form. What is there to say in 
conclusion?  Tre Martiri Square remained as "the clearing of the main street”, but it certainly 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Places of memory, Memory of Places: Square Tre Martiri in Rimini 
”  
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 74 
has become for students, including those from other cultures, a "full" place, legible, where 
the "signs of the past” pose questions that find answers; a place to preserve its identity, 
characteristics that, through proper politics of memory should be able to speak to those of 
the city who have made or intend to make their home. It is clear that a place in itself is dumb, 
but can have meaning for those who see it if it creates the conditions for establishing a 
relationship. The teacher's role in this sense is crucial. A correct reading of the places that 
should be considered as other sources and as such subject to criticism, is indeed a great 
learning resource that allows you to go beyond history as a subject to make it a discipline. It 
means, in addition to knowledge, the method and the procedures of historiography work 
with the cognitive operations and practices and make it possible.  So, the place can really 
"talk" to the student (but more broadly to every visitor) if he is placed in a position not to get 
only a fleeting emotion, with the risk of superficial and hasty interpretations, but to acquire 
facts which can permit a durable revision and reflection, capable of marking experience and 
building memory. And so the memory can actually become the object of attention in the 
educational processes of learning and teaching. 
 
 
 


Places of Memory, Memory of Places: Square Tre Martiri in Rimini

AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Intangible Heritage and Social Heritage: the case of Tango 
 
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 75 
 
                                  
A study of an historical cultural heritage from each point of view, beginning from the 
social structure - classes and social groups - and from the transformation of this 
structure, to the collective consciousness, from mentality, to culture in the 
anthropological sense, it seems fundamental the relationship with other social 
sciences, such as economics, geography, demography, history of mentalities, 
sociology, anthropology and politics, are relevant. And this is just to mention the main 
ones.
1
 In this sense, the opening made towards the very concept of heritage, and a 
new critique of historical documents/ monuments and the study of the social 
implications of events, that is the impact on individuals in terms of daily life, of 
feelings, behaviours of individuals and collective mentality, increasingly helps to give 
rise, to a common platform that is configured in terms of Social Heritage. This 
platform can be defined as a conceptual, theoretical and operational paradigm, which 
allows the development of multidisciplinary research in the intersection between 
social history, examining realities, living conditions, movements, on the one hand, and 
cultural history on the other, inquiring mentality, representations, speeches, in space 
and time, between persistence and changes, and for exemplary cultural tourism. In 
particular, regarding to cultural tourism, the concept of Social Heritage qualifies as a 
denotative in the field of study called Heritage and Tourism, which is the fundamental 
correlation between Cultural Heritage, Tourism, Geography and Identities.
2
   
Briefly, in the context of historical research and educational history, and more 
generally educational heritage, formulation of conceptual paradigm Social Heritage is 
accompanied by an expansion of the concept of intangible cultural heritage, as 
defined in the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, as 
proclaimed in Paris by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural 
Organization (UNESCO) in 2003 and brought into force for good in 2006.
3
 Thus, the 
distinction between physical, tangible and intangible heritage, is increasingly artificial: 
the physical heritage is not fully expressed except in its underlying values, and 
                                                 
∗
 Tel.:+39 0541 434061; cell. +39 3333589473;  
email address  daniela.calanca@unibo.it 
 
1
 Cfr. P. Sorcinelli, Viaggio nella storia sociale, B. Mondadori, Milano 2009, pp. 8-9. 
2
 Cfr. D.J. Timothy, S. W. Boyd, Heritage e turismo, Hoepli, Milano 2007. 
3
 Cfr. www.unesco.org 
Contents liste  available at Cib.Unibo                         
 
AlmaTourism 
 
Journal homepage: www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
___________________________________________________________ 
Intangible Heritage and Social Heritage: the 
case of Tango 
 
 
 
Calanca, D.
∗
 
Faculty of Arts and Humanities,  Alma Mater Studiorum 
University of Bologna, Italy 
 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Intangible Heritage and Social Heritage: the case of Tango 
 
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 76 
conversely the intangible dimension must become incarnate in tangible 
manifestations, in visible signs for its preservation.
4
 Furthermore, the formulation of 
the concept of intangible heritage is underlying an evolutionary extension of meaning 
of a more general concept of Cultural Heritage that, not an easy definition; it refers to 
everything about the past, both sense material, abstract and immaterial. If the word 
heritage etymologically refers to a wealth inheritance that a parent bequeaths to his 
child, in a social dimension, is the heritage that is passed from one generation to 
another. In this sense, Heritage includes the story of a people, community, language, 
customs, and traditions, written and oral literature. And it is the set of principles and 
spiritual values that, between continuity and change, cemented the common life of a 
group and give meaning to everyday life.
5
  
Therefore, on November 24, 2009, at the University of Bologna, Faculty of Arts and 
Humanities - Rimini Campus, the seminar “UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage: The 
Universal Language Tango” was arranged. The meeting was organized by the 
Laboratory of Social History "Daily Life’s Memory” of the University of Bologna 
(www.laboratoriodistoriasociale.eu), with the collaboration of the Association 
TangoAdentro of Rimini, and have taken part the Argentine Master Osvaldo Natucci, 
the dr. Valeria Guagnelli, Gisleno Bertuccini and prof. Fiorella Dallari.  
 
 
 
Classroom (November 24, 2009, Rimini Campus) 
 
(D. Calanca) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
4
 Cfr. D. Calanca, Nuove Fonti e Patrimonio Culturale Intangibile tra Storia e Memoria, 
«Storia e futuro. Rivista di storia e storiografia», n. 20, 2009 (www.storiaefuturo.com)  
5
 Cfr, M. Vecco, L’evoluzione del concetto di patrimonio culturale, Franco Angeli, 
Milano 2007. 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Intangible Heritage and Social Heritage: the case of Tango 
 
 
  
www.almatourism.cib.unibo.it 77 
Classroom (November 24, 2009, Rimini Campus) 
 
(D. Calanca) 
 
In particular, through the case study of the Tango, declared Intangible Heritage by 
UNESCO in 2009 and inscribed on the list in the same year, it has been possible to 
develop a series of workshop discussions and practical demonstrations of what it 
means together with students of the Course of Social History, History of 
contemporary society and Cultural geography tourism; for example, tradition, oral 
expressions, performing arts, practices relating to the universe - the sectors of 
intangible heritage - are transmitted from generation to generation, and hence that 
these events are constantly recreated by communities and groups in response to their 
environment, their interaction with nature and history, giving them a sense of identity 
and continuity.  
 
   The Tango (Intangible  Heritage) 
 
   (Association TangoAdentro of Rimini) 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Intangible Heritage and Social Heritage: the case of Tango 
 
 
  
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For instance, according to Art. No 2 of the Convention, Tango represents the 
intangible heritage as a symbol of human creativity in Argentina and Uruguay in 
different historical eras; in addition the Tango is known around the world, but so 
often is an artificial way. It is therefore vital to maintain the cultural transmission of 
authentic heritage. Not only this. It also posed the problem of protecting the Tango, 
which includes significant legislation and the establishment of government agencies in 
Argentina and Uruguay, as well shown by the documentation submitted for 
application.
6
 
 
  The Tango (Intangible  Heritage) 
 
  (Association TangoAdentro of Rimini) 
 
The need, then, to do further with workshops on the persistence and changes in socio-
historical terms, has resulted in the debate on human components of the Tango, which 
is about the relationship between a man and a woman. And so Tango becomes as a 
metaphor real life of a couple; as places, as Tango dress, as well as the technique of 
dance. And all this emanates from the short film screening “Al Compas of Corazon” 
(Guagnelli, Bertuccini), a summary of interviews and photographs conducted in 
Buenos Aires between 2005 and 2008. The vision of this short, film specifically allowed 
an investigation to deepen the theme of "New Sources" between History and Memory 
and Digital Heritage, developed during previous lectures in the seminar in question, 
based on the UNESCO Convention on Preservation of Digital Heritage in 2003.
7
 In this 
respect it was further able to test and verify 1. How ideas, attitudes and customs from 
enter in formation, transformation, transmission and identity of a group; 2. how new 
types of sources, such as photography, film, oral sources, and audiovisual source -  
technological products of the last two centuries, expressing the manner of 
communication between different actors and characterizing the main forms of inter - 
human, political, sociological, economic, anthropological, in contemporary societies - 
are essential, as instruments for the preservation and transmission, disclosure of the 
Intangible Cultural Heritage.
8
 On the other hand, the traditional visual and oral 
                                                 
6
 Cfr. www.unesco.org 
7
 Cfr. www.unesco.org 
8
 Cfr. D. Calanca, cit. 
AlmaTourism N.1 (2010) :  Intangible Heritage and Social Heritage: the case of Tango 
 
 
  
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tradition are processes able to affect the present and the future: first, to quote the 
words of Sorlin, «Images represent the world and sometimes affect on circumstances, 
or suggest a way to interpret events. In a word, they draw the historical evolution, 
“do” history of running days, as well as those written by historians»
9
; on the other 
hand, is the continuing story that every older man will tell to the younger components 
of the family, and by extension in the community. Moreover, Benjamin says: «A live 
event is over, or at least closed in one sphere of experience, while an event recalled is 
limitless, as is the only key to everything that has happened before and after it».
10
   
 
 
                                                 
9
 P. Sorlin, L’immagine e l’evento. L’uso storico delle fonti audiovisive, Paravia, 
Torino 1999, p. 145. 
10
 W. Benjamin Per un ritratto di Proust, in Avanguardia e rivoluzione,  Einaudi, Torino 
1973, p. 28 


Intangible Heritage and Social Heritage: the case of Tango

Bozzato, Simone

AlmaTourism N. 2, 2010 : Project EACH and Cultural Heritage 
 
 
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63
 
 
 
Cultural Heritage was the aim of an  important  italian Project on “Cultural Heritage” by CNR 
(National Research Council) and Ministry of Research  investing more  than 30 million Euros 
between  1997  and  2005, unique  in  Europe  for  extension  and  financial  support,  regarding 
science and technology applied to Cultural Heritage.  
The Project was divided  in  five Subprojects. Activities concerned about 320 Research Units 
that worked for about five years, avoiding research fragmentation, with significant exchange 
of  information.  The  results  of  these  activities  are  reported  in  scientific  Journals  like  the 
Journal of Cultural Heritage(Elsevier) and were presented during events like the International 
Congress  on  “Science  and  Technology  for  the  Safeguard  of  Cultural  Heritage  in  the 
Mediterranean  Basin”  held  in  Paris  in  1999;  in  Madrid  (Alcalà)  in  2001  the 
EuroMediterranean Agency  for Cultural Heritage  (EACH) was  created  to prepare  a Project 
that will  respect  the Cultural  Identities of all  the Partners and organize no  single Research 
Groups  but  only  common  Target Groups  shall  be  financed working  in  contact with  Public 
Administrations  in  order  to  know  what  they  really  need.  Consequently,  Public 
Administrations shall use the “products" realized by the Target Groups.  
The  Project  (www.eachproject.eu  )  covers  most  of  the  scientific  and  technological 
applications which may be useful  for  the safeguard of our common Cultural Patrimony.  Its 
text as a “Preliminary draft” was submitted to the scientific community during the Cultural 
Heritage 4° Cairo Congress  (December 2009) “Science and Technology for the Safeguard of 
Cultural Heritage of the  Mediterranean Basin”. 
Text was rearranged and re‐organized to make it more readable and to favour the insertion 
of further amendments and enrichments, so that  it can be placed  in an appropriate way  in 
the next  Framework Programme of  the European Union  in 2015. The Project  is divided  in 
four “Activities”2 in turn divided in 15 “Areas” according to the nomenclature adopted by the 
European Commission for the present 7th Framework Programme. Single  “Areas” contain a 
number of “Topics” and expected results. The Area x.4.4. is devoted to tourism and economic 
outcome.  
In one of  the  largest monumental area of  the historical Cairo  the  remarkable architectural 
complex  Mawlawi  Dervishes,  renovated  by  Italian  funding,  was  held  this  meeting 
(www.cairocongress.com). The honorary,  scientific and organizing  committee  composed of 
                                                 
1 E‐mail address segreteria@societageografica.it ‐ Phone: +39067008279 
2 Activity x1 – Resources of Territory; Activity x2 – Diagnostic and Restoration; Activity x3‐ Biological 
Diversity   ; Activity x4‐ Museum Projects and Benefits 
 
Contents liste available at Cib.Unibo                         
 
AlmaTourism 
 
 homepage: almatourism.cib.unibo.it 
___________________________________________________________
Project EACH and Cultural Heritage 
Bozzato S.1, 
Italian Geographical Society 
 
 
AlmaTourism N. 2, 2010 : Project EACH and Cultural Heritage 
 
 
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many  ministries,  departments,  foundations  (especially  Italy  and  North  Africa)  and  bodies 
such as CNR, CIERA working in the field of Cultural Heritage and its preservation, along with 
UNESCO,  ICCROM and many universities;  this event was attended by nearly  three hundred 
and  fifty delegates  from all world. Almost all of  the reports and poster presentations were 
dedicated  to  scientific  and  technological  research    of  Cultural  Heritage,  to  relationship 
between  cultural  heritage  and  local  communities, while  few  oral  relations  introduced  the 
tourism  and  Cultural  Heritage  as  tourist    product.  Indeed,  tourists  and  tourist  circulation 
could be  a  strategic  resource  to  support  the  conservation  and  the present‐day use of  the 
past.  Italian  Geographical  Society  collaborated  actively  in  the  work  of  this    International 
Congress.  Among  the  many  scholars,  geographers  Italians  who,  in  memory  of  Adalberto 
Vallega commitment on issues of Cultural Heritage, contributed to the scientific quality of the 
event.  
 
 
 
Fig. 1: Mawlawi Dervishes Center 
 
In this occasion Angelo Guarino, President of the Congress and of AIC (Investing In Culture) ‐
EACH   Project, together with   Franco Salvatori, President of the Italian Geographical Society 
(www.societageografica.it  )  delivered  the  Adalberto  Vallega  Award  to  Fiorella  Dallari 
(www.unibo.it/docenti/fiorella.dallari),  professor  of  Political  and  Economic  Geography    of 
Alma Mater  Studiorum  – University  of  Bologna  and  teacher  at  the  Faculty  of  Economy  ‐ 
Rimini  Campus  ,  researcher  that  has  devoted  her  studies  to  tourism  and  local  tourism 
development.  Thus  Cultural Heritage  has  been  central  and  the  focus  of  her  creative  and 
applied  research  and  innovative  teaching,  and  for  the  studies  addressed  to  the  cultural 
routes in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin.  
Before  that meeting,  three  important Congresses were held  in Europe between 1995  and 
2001 promoted and organized by  this Special Project “Cultural Heritage” of  the Ministry of 
University and Research of Italy and the National Research Council (CNR). The first Congress 
was held in Catania (380 participants and 280 oral presentations), to assess the “state of art” 
of scientific applications  to  the safeguard of Cultural Heritage;  the second one was held  in 
Paris  (500  participants  and  201  oral  presentations),  opening  section  inside  the  Louvre 
Museum, in collaboration with the “Centre national de la recherche scientifique”, (CNRS) and 
AlmaTourism N. 2, 2010 : Project EACH and Cultural Heritage 
 
 
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65
the  University  of  Nanterre.  The  third  one  was  held  in  Spain,  in  collaboration  with  the 
“Consejo  Superior  de  Investigaciones  Cientificas”,  (CSIC),  and  the  University  of  Alcalà  de 
Henares  (480 participants  and  303  oral  presentation).    The  next  Congress  is  scheduled  in 
Istanbul in October 2011. To complete the round trip around the Mediterranean Sea, the last 
Congress of this series will be held in Athens in 2014.  
 
 
 
 
Fig. 2: Istanbul 2011 Congress logo 
 


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