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Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa: What is Killing Adults Aged 15-59 Years in Zambia?
No full textThe question of cause-of-death remains of interest among demographers, epidemiologists and public health researchers. Adults in the age group 15-59 years play a significant role in the socio-economic development of a country. However, in most of sub-Saharan African countries, the coverage and accuracy of data on adult mortality has been deficient compared to that of under-five (age group 0-4) mortality. As a result, little research exists on causes-of-death in this age group in most of sub-Saharan Africa and adult mortality remains a health burden for many countries in this part of Africa. Using the 2010-2012 Zambia Sample Vital Registration with Verbal Autopsy (SAVVY) survey data and computing age-sex and cause-specific death rates and ratios as well as constructing cause-deleted life tables, this study examined the causes-of-death among adults in age group 15-59 years. The study found that HIV/AIDS was the major leading cause-of-death across all demographic and socioeconomic background characteristics of the deceased adults. HIV/AIDS deaths increased by age and peaked in age group 35-39 and were higher among females than males. Injuries and accidents were the second leading cause-of-death among males while among females it was tuberculosis. Injuries and accidents were more prevalent in age group 15-35, the highly educated and the never married. Diseases of the circulatory system were the third leading cause-of-death among female decedents while tuberculosis was the third leading cause of death among males. Malaria was the fourth leading cause-of-death for both males and females. Adult deaths attributable to non-communicable diseases were more evident in older ages 45-59. Eliminating HIV/AIDS as a cause of death would have the most impact in reducing adult mortality in Zambia and contribute significantly to the number of additional years of life gained compared to eliminating the other causes-of-death. Therefore, health programmes and interventions on HIV/AIDS should be further supported and strengthened as they would significantly contribute to the reduction of adult mortality in Zambia in line with sustainable development goals (SDGs)
Texte und Übersetzung: Trostreden. Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae|Gregorii Antiochi opera. Orationes et epistulae. Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae Series Vindobonensis 54|
No full textBeat Gnädinger / Verena Rothenbühler, Hg., Menschen korrigieren. Fürsorgerische Zwangsmassnahmen und Fremdplatzierungen im Kanton Zürich bis 1981 (Zürich 2018: Chronos), 286 S., 23 Abb. s./w. und 46 Farbabb., CHF 38,00 / EUR 38,00. ISBN 978-3-0340-1478-6. VIRUS - Beiträge zur Sozialgeschichte der Medizin|VIRUS. Beiträge zur Sozialgeschichte der Medizin Band 19. Schwerpunkt: Objekte als Quellen der Medizingeschichte|
No full textThe Carbon Cost of an Educated Future: A Consumer Lifestyle Approach
No full textDemographic and economic growth will account for most of the anticipated growth ingreenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the next century. Education is associated withdevelopment, and the world population in the near future is likely to be significantly bettereducated than today. Previous studies of household energy demand and associatedemissions have not directly considered the consequences of a more educated population. Inthis study, I estimate the energy intensity of consumption dollars and the total impact ofhouseholds according to their demographic characteristics, with particular attention todifferences in spending habits by education and the environmental consequences. I findthat education results in fewer emissions per household, holding other householdcharacteristics constant. Each year of education is associated with an average effect inCO2-equivalent (CO2e) emission of -466kg/yr. After controlling for householdcharacteristics, the effect of a year of education is -163.1kg per year. Educated householdsspend less on home energy and transportation by car, two of the most important sources ofhousehold level atmospheric GHG production. They spend relatively more on investmentgoods, public transport, and other activities which have a low environmental footprint
Table of Contents. Medieval Worlds|Urban Agencies: Reframing Anatolian and Caucasian Cities (13th-14th Centuries) & Movement and Mobility in the Medieval Mediterranean: Changing Perspectives from Late Antiquity to the Long-Twelfth Century, II - Volume 14. 2021 medieval worlds Volume 14. 2021|
No full textIs it (dis)Advantageous to Have Mixed Parentage? Exploring Education and Work Characteristics of Children of Interethnic Unions in Britain
No full textExtant studies commonly claim that mixed ethnic children face difficulties inaffiliating with either of the parental ethnic group, which consequently negatively affectstheir identity development. However, the majority of the existing literature is based onclinical evidence of small highly self-selected samples of those seeking psychologicalassistance. This paper aims to investigate the socioeconomic outcomes of mixed ethnicchildren using the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study data (N=35,302) whichis a nationally representative 1% sample of the population in England and Wales. Wehypothesise that an interethnic union between one immigrant parent and one parent from amajority population could promote integration of an offspring. Here educational attainmentand employment status are used as indicators of socioeconomic integration. Logisticregression is employed to estimate the probabilities of having a degree qualification andbeing in employment of mixed ethnic individuals comparing to children of two ethnicminority parents and native children of two native white parents.Controlling for parental demographic and socio-economic characteristics as well asneighbourhood characteristics, the results suggest that having one native white parentbring children of immigrants closer to the characteristics of the majority population,signalling better integration of children with mixed parentage compared to theircounterparts whose both parents are from minority ethnic group
Les prytanes d’Iasos, l’épitropos et la question du remplacement des magistrats en poste dans les cités hellénistiques. Akten der Gesellschaft für Griechische und Hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte|(28) Symposion 2019 Akten der Gesellschaft für griechische und hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte Band 28|
No full textThe article examines the replacement of absent officials, in particulartemporary replacement. The case of the Prytanes of Iasos, who were able to bereplaced by another citizen in the 3rd-2nd c. BC, is the best documented and mostdifficult. With the help of some parallels, an attempt is also made to elucidate therole of an epitropos (representative) who sometimes intervened in this process
Overworked or Underemployed? Actual and Preferred Household Employment Patterns in the Context of the Economic Crisis
No full textThis article revisits work hour mismatches at the couple level. Most of what has beenpublished on actual and preferred employment arrangements of couples in Europe is basedon international survey data from the late 1990s. The aim is to present new data oncouples’ actual and preferred employment arrangements using data from Round 5 of theEuropean Social Survey (2010-2012). The article discusses trends in the degree to whichcouples’ employment arrangements are in line with preferences and how work hourmismatches may be related to the current economic crisis
State of the Art: A Family-Related Foresight Approach
No full textThis state-of-the-art report discusses the substantive and methodological backgroundfor the construction and application of a family-related foresight method. Thesubstantive part includes a brief presentation of two preceding family-orientedforesight methods: one run by the OECD in 2012 (producing two scenarios) and theother by the FamilyPlatform (producing four scenarios), the forerunners of theFamiliesAndSocieties project. The methodological background focuses onmicrosimulation and agent-based models, two quantitative models that will serve asnew tools for foresight. Their application is considered in a systematic frameworkalong with other standard foresight tools such as workshops and focus groups