Austrian Academy of Sciences
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Urban Agencies: Reframing Anatolian and Caucasian Cities (13th-14th Centuries) & Movement and Mobility in the Medieval Mediterranean: Changing Perspectives from Late Antiquity to the Long-Twelfth Century, II - Volume 14. 2021
No full textBiocultural resistance and re-existence through a dialogue of knowledges and citizen art in a threatened biosphere reserve. eco.mont (Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research and Management)|eco.mont Vol. 13 special issue 2021|
No full textBiosphere Reserves face huge challenges worldwide, especially those located in metropolitan areas such as La Campana-Peñuelas Biosphere Reserve in central Chile. As well as direct threats, such as urban sprawl and wildfires, such reserves face a less evident threat in the form of weak community engagement and awareness of the value, opportunities and challenges that the name biosphere reserve offers. Since 2015, environmental conflicts have intensified in this area of Chile, and counter-movements towards re-territorialization have arisen under the slogan “We are biosphere reserve”. This implies a deep understanding of the imbrications of the lives of humans and more-than-humans in a common territory which face common challenges with regard to the preservation of life and regenerative actions and pathways. In Chile, this local social / political / spiritual movement now converges with a national movement towards recovering sovereignty over common goods through a new Constitution. In this article, we describe a fruitful academia-community dialogue of knowledges created through a series of open-access courses, collaborative mapping, and artistic initiatives developed by citizens, such as textile-making and handcrafts using natural pigments. All of these initiatives come together within the framework of very local geopolitical actions for the preservation of the biocultural landscapes found within the biosphere reserve. We discuss these initiatives as forms of biocultural resistance and re-existence
Miteinander Wissen schaffen. Partizipative Aktionsforschung als geographische Bildungspraxis zwischen Gesellschaft, Schule und Hochschule. GW-Unterricht|GW-Unterricht 164|
No full textIm Unterschied zu angelsächsischen und lateinamerikanischen Debatten findet die partizipative Aktionsforschung (PAF) in der Humangeographie im deutschsprachigen Raum bisher nur wenig Beachtung. Dabei adressiert PAF mehrere Kernanliegen transformativer Lern- und Forschungskontexte und verspricht daher, wertvolle Impulse in diesen Bereichen zu setzen. Im Beitrag werden diese Potenziale ausgelotet und PAF als kritisch-pädagogischer Denkrahmen für die geographische Bildungspraxis entfaltet. Das Vorgehen mündet in die Formulierung eines partizipativen Photovoice-Projekts zur Erforschung urbaner (Nicht-)Nachhaltigkeit mit Kindern und Jugendlichen in der Schule
The Physicality of Justice in Aristophanes’ Wasps: Bodies, Objects and the Material Staging of Athenian Law. Akten der Gesellschaft für Griechische und Hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte|(28) Symposion 2019 Akten der Gesellschaft für griechische und hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte Band 28|
No full textThe aim of this paper is to study legal references in Aristophanes’ Waspsfrom a perspective based on the importance of the bodies and objects involved inlitigation. Since comedy as a genre is pervaded by bodily contact and sensoryexperiences, I am interested in exploring the materiality of subjects and things, theirrelationship and the potentiality of human and non-human contact when legalactivities are performed on stage. All these physical displays suggest that a study ofgestures and expressive actions in the play may contribute to a more comprehensiveunderstanding of the non-verbal dynamics involved in the Athenian judicialmachinery
Penalties in Delphic paramone Clauses: A Gender Perspective. Akten der Gesellschaft für Griechische und Hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte|(28) Symposion 2019 Akten der Gesellschaft für griechische und hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte Band 28|
No full textThis paper discusses the legal capacity and motivations of femalemanumittors in Hellenistic Delphi, and the penal authority bestowed on femalebeneficiaries appointed in paramone clauses. These suggest that women enjoyedsimilar penal authority to that of male beneficiaries, depending on the stipulations ineach contract. Manumissions appointing female beneficiaries of paramone mayreflect the need to reduce the risk of claims asserted by heir or creditors of thebeneficiary’s male kin, whom it would often have been difficult for a woman to fendoff through the courts
A Fixed- Effects Study of Twenty Norwegian First-Marriage Cohorts
No full textDecisions to divorce could be affected by a number of characteristics of the local community.Community characteristics may be barriers to divorce (e.g. strong social control) or increasethe attractiveness of divorcing (e.g. through access to a good remarriage market), but ourknowledge of such influences is sparse. This study examines the impact of severalcommunity-level factors that may influence a couple’s risk of divorce: Socioeconomicconditions, the local marriage market, and the normative climate. Discrete-time hazardmodels with community-level fixed effects are estimated using a register-based data set of allNorwegian first marriages contracted 1980-2000 that includes longitudinal information onboth the community and the couple level. Results show that higher average education, anunbalanced marriage market, and population density drive divorce rates down but thateconomic conditions do not matter for divorce risk. Estimates obtained from regular modelsare markedly different than those obtained with the fixed-effects approach
Cities and Imperial Authority in the Western Provinces of the Byzantine Empire, 12th-14th Centuries. Medieval Worlds|Urban Agencies: Reframing Anatolian and Caucasian Cities (13th-14th Centuries) & Movement and Mobility in the Medieval Mediterranean: Changing Perspectives from Late Antiquity to the Long-Twelfth Century, II - Volume 14. 2021 medieval worlds Volume 14. 2021|
No full textChrysobulls issued »in common« to the inhabitants of cities, together with a large number of other surviving sources, shed light on the interplay in the Byzantine Empire during the long thirteenth century between, on the one hand, growing claims to civic autonomy advanced by communes and, on the other, efforts by imperial authority to control its territory. This chapter examines the emergence of a new kind of empire – based on commerce and trade – under the Palaiologoi. It analyses the changing circumstances of urban centres in the western provinces, and assesses the degree of fiscal, legal and political emancipation that these centres achieved. It discusses the creation of leagues and other types of alliances that successfully bound cities and towns together into regional associations. It also considers the mechanisms behind revolts and other forms of armed and unarmed protest that occurred against the central regime. Particular attention is paid to the region of northern Greece (Thrace and Macedonia) dominated by the city of Thessalonike, for which the evidence is most plentiful
Humangeographie meets Geographiedidaktik – Interdisziplinäre Annäherungen an aktuelle Forschungsmethoden. GW-Unterricht|GW-Unterricht 164|
No full textDas vorliegende Schwerpunktheft ist von der Idee einer interdisziplinären Auseinandersetzung mit neuen Methoden der Humangeographie getragen, in deren Rahmen eine gegenseitige Bereicherung fachwissenschaftlicher wie fachdidaktischer Perspektiven angestrebt wird. Autor*innen-Teams aus Fachwissenschaftler*innen und Fachdidaktiker*innen haben in kollaborativen Schreibprozessen eine aktuelle humangeographische Forschungsmethode bzw. -perspektive hinsichtlich ihres Potentials für geographische Forschung und den Geographieunterricht diskutiert. Im Anschluss an Trends in der aktuellen Entwicklung humangeographischer Methodik sowie an gegenwärtige Herausforderungen für die geographische Bildung, werden Hintergründe, Methode und Ergebnisse dieses Prozesses dargestellt und reflektiert
Urban Agency in the Borderlands: Turkmen Rulers and Administrative Elites in 13th-century Kastamonu. Medieval Worlds|Urban Agencies: Reframing Anatolian and Caucasian Cities (13th-14th Centuries) & Movement and Mobility in the Medieval Mediterranean: Changing Perspectives from Late Antiquity to the Long-Twelfth Century, II - Volume 14. 2021 medieval worlds Volume 14. 2021|
No full textAfter the Battle of Manzikert (1071), in which the armies of the Great Seljuqs defeated the Byzantine Empire, different waves of Turkmen people settled across Anatolia. By the 12th century, many of these groups had organised under the command of local warlords and established military control over different areas of Asia Minor under the tutelage of the Seljuqs of Rum. However, the mechanisms by which the new rulers articulated their control, especially over the urban settlements located in the regions they conquered, are poorly understood. This is even more dramatic in the case of northwestern Anatolia, a region that, during the 13th century, was a borderland between an expanding Turco-Islamic world and a defensive Christian Byzantium. The lack of narrative sources dealing with this particular part of Asia Minor has aggravated this lacuna, often excluding the city of Kastamonu from the studies of urban settlement in 13th-century Anatolia. This article attempts to change this situation by looking at surviving architectural evidence and non-narrative-literary sources that offer a particular view of the agents and agencies at work in the interaction between Turkmen rulers and urban elites in 13th-century Kastamonu
Analysis of parallel Schwarz algorithms for time-harmonic problems using block Toeplitz matrices. ETNA - Electronic Transactions on Numerical Analysis
No full textIn this work we study the convergence properties of the one-level parallel Schwarz method with Robin transmission conditions applied to the one-dimensional and two-dimensional Helmholtz and Maxwell's equations. One-level methods are not scalable in general. However, it has recently been proven that when impedance transmission conditions are used in the case of the algorithm being applied to the equations with absorption, then, under certain assumptions, scalability can be achieved and no coarse space is required. We show here that this result is also true for the iterative version of the method at the continuous level for strip-wise decompositions into subdomains that are typically encountered when solving wave-guide problems. The convergence proof relies on the particular block Toeplitz structure of the global iteration matrix. Although non-Hermitian, we prove that its limiting spectrum has a near identical form to that of a Hermitian matrix of the same structure. We illustrate our results with numerical experiments