Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia
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The concentration effect of kulim leaf (scorodocarpus borneensis) extract on Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 bacterial hydrophobicity and adhesion
No full textWith the ability to reduce hydrophobicity and inhibit the adhesion of S. mutans ATCC 25175 bacteria, Kulim leaf extract can be used as an alternative to chlorhexidine mouthwash in caries prevention. The objectives of this study are to determine the effect of Kulim leaf extract on hydrophobicity and adherence of the cariogenic bacteria S. mutans ATCC 25175. The test groups were divided into negative control (DMSO 2%), the treatment group (Kulim leaf extractconcentrations of 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%), and positive control (0.1% chlorhexidine). All of groups were received three replicated tests for hydrophobicity and adherence inhibition of S. mutans ATCC 25175 bacteria. The hydrophobicity test was conducted by providing 3 ml of bacterial suspension of S. mutans ATCC 25175 which had been adjusted to the McFarland 0.5 standard for each group. Furthermore, each test group was vortexed for one minute and left to stand for 15 minutes. Each treatment was tested with a wavelength spectrophotometer of 550 nm before and after the provision of 200 µl of n-hexadecane. The absorbance value on the spectrophotometer was then included in the hydrophobicity formula to determine the hydrophobicity percentage of S. mutans ATCC 25175 against n-hexadecane. To test the bacterial adhesion, the 96 wells microplate was inserted with the kulim leaf extract of each concentration,BHI-B, bacteria according to the McFarland 0.5 standard, and for the positive control and negative control. Afterwards, they were incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours before they were rinsed with distilled water, and stained with 0.1% crystal violet. Then, an optical density reading was performed using a microplate reader with a wavelength of 540 nm. The absorbance value was then included in the formula for percentage of bacterial adhesion inhibition. Post-Hoc LSD testshowed a significant difference in mean difference between the negative control group and the other treatment groups (p<0.05). In addition, it was revealed that there was no significant mean difference between treatment groups, and there was no significant difference between positive control and treatment groups of 2.5% and 5% in the hydrophobicity test. However, there was a significant difference between the positive control and the treatment group of 1.25% in the hydrophobicity test and the treatment group of 1.25%, 2.5%, and 5% in the adherence test. This study concluded that Kulim leaf extract concentration affected hydrophobicity and attachment of S. mutans ATCC 25175 with an effective concentration of 2.5%
In-vitro cytotoxicity activity of potato (Solanum tuberosum. L) peel extracts against human gingival fibroblasts
No full textPotato peel is often regarded as waste although it contains phenolic compounds, glycoalkaloids, and flavonoid. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of potato peel extracts on the viability of Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGF). Potato peel extracts were prepared by a maceration technique. The 96-well tissue culture micro titre plates were seeded with HGF at a density of 2×104 cells/100 μL and incubated for 24 hours. Next, 100 μL of potato peel extracts at a concentration of 62.5 μg/mL, 125 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL, and 1000 μg/mL and a medium (control) were dispensed into the well of the cell culture. Each concentration was evaluated for its viability with 3 replicate samples. The results of the MTT test were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA and LSD test. The mean and standard deviation of the viable HGF after incubated with the potato peel extract at the concentration of 62.5 μg/mL, 125 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL, and 1000 μg/mL were 98.67% ± 3.56, 88.34% ± 0.79, 55.42% ± 3.96, 28.33% ± 0.60, and 26.26% ± 0.53, respectively. The percentage of non-viable HGF increased with an increase in the concentration of the potato peel extract. The ANOVA test result showed a significant influence of various concentrations of the potato peel extract on the viability of HGF (p<0.05). The result of the LSD-test showed a significant difference among all the treatment groups (p<0.05). A higher concentration of potato peel extracts increased the viability of HGF cell line and the concentrations of 62.5 μg/mL and 125 μg/mL were considered non-cytotoxic
Differences in the oral hygiene status and clinical periodontal status between conventional and electric smokers
No full textConventional and electrical cigarette use could result in bad pathological conditions in the oral cavity, which may lead to periodontal diseases. This research aimed to determine the differences in the oral hygiene and clinical periodontal status between conventional and electric smokers. This research was a quantitative observational research and was designed as a cross-sectional study. The samples were selected using purposive sampling. A total of 110 respondents (n = 110) were involved, consisted of 60 conventional smokers and 50 electric smokers. Their oral hygiene status were examined using oral hygiene index simplified (OHI-S) measurement, while their periodontal tissue status were assessed using bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing pocket depth (PPD) measurements. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test with a significance level of α < 0.05. The median and first quartile of OHI-S scores of the conventional smokers’ group were 2.7 and 2.2, while the electric smokers’ group was 2.2 and 1.4 respectively, with a significant value of p < 0.001. The median and first quartile BOP scores of the conventional smokers’ group were 36% and 29%, while the electric smokers’ group were 35% and 28% respectively, with a significant value of p = 0.750. The median and first quartile of PPD scores in the conventional smokers’ group were 3.2 and 2.7, while the electric smokers’ group were 3.1 and 2.6 respectively with a significant value of p = 0.765. Conventional smokers had worse oral hygiene status than electric smokers. Conventional and electric smokers did not have significant differences in periodontal health including gingival bleeding and poor pocket depth
Effect of surfactant concentration in sodium ascorbate on contact angle and tensile bond strength after bleaching
No full textFree radical residue due to intracoronal bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) can be removed with 35% sodium ascorbate (SA) combined with surfactants. This study aimed to determine the effect of surfactant concentration in SA 35% on the contact angle and tensile bond strength of composite resin after intracoronal bleaching with 35% HP. The contact angle was observed in 3 groups of 35% SA: group 1 (without surfactant); group 2 (with 0.2% surfactant); group 3 (with 0.4% surfactant). Each sample was dropped on a glass slide perpendicularly, then the image was taken at the fifth minute and contact angle value was obtained using ImageJ software. Tensile bond strength in this study used 21 premolars, which were cut and fixed with acrylic resin. 35% HP (0.01 ml) was applied to tooth surface for 5 days, then washed and dried. Specimens were divided into 3 groups, each of which was applied with 0.01 ml 35% SA without surfactant (group 1), 35% SA with 0.2% surfactant (group 2), and 35% SA with 0.4% surfactant (group 3) for 5 minutes, before they were washed and dried. All specimens were filled with composite resin, and incubated in artificial saliva for 7 days inside an incubator (37oC) before the specimens were tested with Universal Testing Machine (speed 0.5 mm/minute). ANOVA analysis showed the effect of surfactant concentration in 35% SA on the contact angle and tensile bond strength after intracoronal bleaching with 35% HP. In conclusion, 35% SA with 0.4% surfactant had a smaller contact angle and application of 35% SA with 0.4% surfactant after intracoronal bleaching with 35% HP had a greater tensile bond strength
Pengamatan histologis permukaan gigi tikus wisatr setelah aplikasi ultrasonic scaler dari aspektip dan intensitas
No full textEffect of Co-Cr alloy recasting on the fracture toughness
No full textFrame denture generally uses Co-Cr alloy. However, alloy is expensive, so dental laboratories use residual sprue casting for recasting. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Co-Cr alloy recasting on fracture toughness. This was a laboratory experiment, with five sample groups, namely R0: 100% of new alloys; R1: 50% one-time recasting procedure and 50% new alloys, R2: 50% two-time recasting procedure and 50% new alloys, R3: 50% three-time recasting procedure and 50% new alloys, R4: 50% four-time recasting procedure and 50% new alloys. Fracture toughness was tested using a universal testing machine; the data were analyzed by One-Way Anova test and LSD (p>0.05). The results showed that the fracture toughness was 233.103 MPa-m1/2 in R4, and the highest was 242.435 MPa-m1/2 in R0. The results of the analysis by the LSD test on fracture toughness showed that there were no significant differences in R0 with R1 and R2, but there were significant differences between R0 with R3 and R4. There was a decrease after recasting in each group because of the missing elements of the Co-Cr alloy. The percentage of each element decreased due to oxidation and evaporation during heating. There was a change in the composition of the Co-Cr alloy in R3 and R4. There was a decrease in the fracture toughness. Variation in recasting frequency of Co-Cr alloy affected the fracture toughness. In each sample groups, the fracture toughness of Co-Cr alloy decreased after recasting
Effect of pre-operative 40 mg oral methylprednisolone on post- odontectomy facial swelling, intraoral redness, pain and level of TNF-α
No full textOdontectomy is the surgical removal of teeth by making a mucoperiosteal flap and reducing the jawbone. This procedure is likely to cause injury and damage to soft and hard tissues, stimulate inflammatory responses, and generate release of proinflammatory cytokines, one of which is TNF- ɑ, resulting in the facial swelling, intraoral redness, and pain. This study was aimed at observing effects of 40 mg methylprednisolone, administered 1 hour before odontectomy on facial swelling, intraoral redness, and pain and level of TNF-ɑ after odontectomy. The randomized placebo-control trial study involved 24 subjects who underwent odontectomy at the Oral Surgery and Maxillofacial clinic of Prof. Soedomo Dental Hospital, Universitas Gadjah Mada. To comply with the inclusion criteria, the subjects were divided into placebo group (12 patients) and methylprednisolone group (12 patients). The observation of facial swelling, intraoral redness, pain (VAS) and level of TNF-ɑ (ELISA) was done before odontectormy, H+1 (24 hours after odontectomy) and H+3 (72 hours after odontectomy). The data gathered were analyzed using Repeated Measures ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni (p < 0.05). The results showed that those administered with methylprednisolone an hour before odontectomy experienced less postoperative facial swelling (p = 0.000), a lower score of intraoral redness (p = 0.000), a lower score of pain (p = 0.000) and a lower level of TNF-ɑ (p = 0.000) compared to the placebo. The changes in TNF-α showed the strongest correlation with the changes in postoperative pain and intraoral redness compared with facial swelling. Oral administration of 40 mg methylprednisolone an hour before odontectomy is more effective in reducing facial swelling, intraoral redness, pain and level of TNF-ɑ following odontectomy of mandibular third molar compared with the placebo
Effect of temperature and passive ultrasonic irrigation of EDTA 17% in smear layer removal
No full textSmear layer removal in root canal treatment is required to aid the diffusion of intracanal medicament and help sealer penetrate into dentinal tubules. The need for irrigants is important to facilitate smear layer removal in the root canal. Various methods have been proposed in some articles, but their application in apical third still challenges many clinicians due to the complexity of the root canal. This study aimed to analyze the effect of temperature and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) activation of EDTA 17% solution in smear layer removal. Twenty-four extracted mandibular premolars were decoronated to standard root length of 14 mm. The preparation of root canals was completed with crown-down technique using ProTaper FHU to file F3 (30/.09). The root canal irrigation was done with NaOCl 5.25% and EDTA 17% solution. The samples were divided into four groups, namely 25 ºC of EDTA 17% solution (group 1), 37 ºC of EDTA 17% solution (group 2), 25 ºC of EDTA 17% solution with PUI activation (group 3), and 37 ºC of EDTA17% solution with PUI activation (group 4). Smear layer removal was observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scored ordinally from 1-5. Non-parametric Friedman test showed significant results in all the groups (p<0.05). Post hoc Wilcoxon Signed Rank test showed significant results between group 2 and group 3 (p = 0.039), and between group 3 and group 4 (p = 0.038). The combination methods of temperature and PUI activation showed a significant result in smear layer removal
Differences in Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) among the Elderly Population in Rembang Regency
No full textEpidemiological studies have shown that several factors, such as age, gender, tooth loss, socioeconomic status, cultural background, psychological stress of dental visit, and smoking can influence OHRQoL. Oral health is strongly age dependent, therefore OHRQoL differences are predicted to exist in the elderly group according to WHO. This condition is especially true for Rembang Regency due to the high population of the elderly and the shared ignorance on oral health given an overemphasis on other priorities, which will have an impact on their quality of life. The objective of this study is to know the OHRQOL difference in the elderly group in Rembang Regency with cross-sectional design. The research subjects were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria with online informed consent. The questionnaire related to age and GOHAI was distributed and filled out online. Data were processed and analyzed using the Kruskall Wallis followed by Mann-Whitney post-hoc analysis and multiple linear regression test. A total of 222 respondents were involved (n= 222) consisting of 102 male and 120 female. The majority level of their OHRQoL were moderate (65.3%). The most affected dimension was physical function since it limits the type or amount of food intake (30.4%). The Kruskall-Wallis test showed significant OHRQoL differences in middle-age, elderly, old, and very old groups (p<0.05). The OHRQoL difference between middle-age and old and middle-age and very old obtained a significant result in the Mann-Whitney post hoc test with p value <0.05. Multiplelinear regression test showed a significant effect of age on OHRQoL with tooth loss as a confounding variable. Thus, Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of the elderly group is significantly different
