International Journal of Sustainable Tropical Agricultural Sciences (IJSTAS)
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17 research outputs found
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PERFORMANCES OF VILLAGE CHICKEN FOLLOWING CROSS BREEDING WITH DIFFERENT BREEDS OF CHICKEN
Full text linkThe performances of village chicken in South-east Sulawesi, Indonesia were typically small and light weight, and low productivity of both egg and meat. However, they more resistant to disease compared to other breed of chicken such as commercial broiler or layer. Therefore, in this research the more productive breed of cocks were used. The objective of this research was to improve productivity of the village chicken using different breeds of cock. Bangkok-crossed breed chicken, commercial broiler and village chicken were used to mate the hen of village chicken using artificial insemination. Variables measured were egg fertility, egg hatchability, and day old chick weight of village chicken crossed by different breeds. Duncan multiple range test was applied to compare the averages of each data. The results showed that the higher egg fertility and hatchability were obtained when crossing the hen of village chicken and bangkok-crossed breed cocks, although no statistical differences was showed between breeds of cock. The average of day old chick weight was also higher in a group of village chicken hen crossed by bangkok-crossed breed cocks compare to other breeds, but no significant differences was showed. It was concluded that the bangkok-crossed breed cocks tended to be a good candidate for increasing the productivity of village chicken
THE IMPACT OF THE GOLD MINING ON THE SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, ANDCULTURAL IN THE BOMBANA DISTRICT SOUTHEAST SULAWESI PROVINCE
Full text linkThe phenomenon of a gold mine brings a lot of changes in people's daily life in the Bombana District. This study aims to: (a) Aware of the social and cultural changes in society before and after the gold mining business, and (b) Knowing the changes in people's income before and after the gold mining business. The study population is the people who are in the gold mining sites. This study result, namely: (a) Gold mining have negative impact on social, economic, and cultural of communities around the gold mining area. Social, economic, and cultural societies tend to be in better shape before the gold mining. Average income communities after the gold mining increase by Rp 755.392 per month. (c) Gold mining do not increase the welfare of society, especially for farmers. The implication of this study is the government should strictly supervise and tighten even a moratorium against IUP, and gold mining companies should have corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the form of incentives to the affected communities of the businesses under their management in the fields of education, health, agriculture, economics, and culture as well as other aspects relating to the welfare of society
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERFORMANCE AND BENEFITS OF AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVE TOWARD FARMERS’ ECONOMY AND BEHAVIOUR IN THE DISTRICT OF KOLAKA
Full text linkThis study aimed to determine: (1) an analysis of the cooperative’s performance based on the agricultural criteria in the district of Kolaka, according to the guidelines on cooperative fostering and cooperative classification; (2) the performance of the cooperative as perceived by farmers and cooperatives management; (3) determine the benefits gained by farmers as members of cooperatives; (4) an analysis of the relationship between performance and the benefits obtained by farmers as a cooperative member. The results showed that, based on the Guidelines for Cooperatives Classification, the performance of agricultural cooperatives in Kolaka in 2007 was on the average of 61.58 and fell within the “quite well” category. In 2008 the average performance of 62.05 and cooperatives are included in the category quite well. In2009, the average performance of the cooperatives was 62.38, remaining in the same category. In 2010 the average performance was 61.28, also staying in the category of “quite well”. Furthermore, the management of cooperatives as well as the majority of stakeholders considered that the agricultural cooperatives in Kolaka met the criteria of “quite well”, as many as 48.75%. The majority of respondents (65%) considered the agricultural cooperatives in Kolaka helpful. Based on SEM analysis, the relationship of the agricultural cooperative performance was found to be positively correlated to the benefits obtained by farmers. Standardized coefficient value of 0.85 has a value of 14.40t statistic. Standardized coefficient value of 0.85 indicates that the performance and benefits of the cooperative have a real relationship closeness. Sequentially the components of performance that contribute from the largest to the smallest are, firstly, the concern for the community, which is equal to0.86. The component of voluntary and open membership component is 0.80. The component of democratic control by members is 0.79. The component of economic participation of member is 0.71. And the component of education and training is 0.25. Regarding the components of the cooperative benefits, the components that contributes sequentially, from the largest to the smallest, are the economic benefits of marketing, that is equal to 0.96;the benefits of a large savings and loan with 0.88; the economic benefits of farmers needs 0.86; and social benefits 0.48
LAND SUITABILITY AND PROBLEMS ASSESSMENT FOR FOOD CROP DEVELOPMENT BASED ON PEDO-AGROCLIMATE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Full text linkThis study specifically aimed to: (i) identify of pedo-agroclimate characteristics, (ii) evaluate of potential avaibility land, suitability land and problems for food crops development, (iii) develop planting and land recource management. This study was conducted on the mainland Buton Regency, the used a spatial analysis method employing GIS. The study results showed that: (i) the mainland Buton regency had relatively varied characteristics of land biophysic. For climate aspects, the region had low and uneven distributed rainfall; (ii) potential land avaibility for food crops development in study area was : 74,664.64 ha, where the land suitability level of S2 of 5,096.52 ha, S3 of 44,521.38 ha, and the rest was N1 and N2. The Land suitability classes for crop plant in the study area were: S3 and N1 except for cassava, there were S2, S3, and N. Similar problems were found in almost all areas, i.e. high soil pH >7 -8.5 or low 4 - 4.5, P2O5 content was very low, high air humidity > 90% or low 15 - 25%, high level of surface rocks >40%, high level of surface layer >40%, very high erosion risk, very high slope >25%), shallow effective dept < 20 cm; (iii) the land resource management, suggested were improvements: i.e: drainage system, nutrient retention through liming and addition of organic matter for CEC and pH, nutrient availability through liming and fertilization, mechanization potency on slopy area, erosion risk level through reducing erosion rate, making terrace, parallel contour planting, cover crop planting, terrace construction for rice at slopes 3 -8% and 8 - 15%, water availability through improvement of irrigation system
RADIATION USE EFFICIENCY AND SOIL WATER CONTENT ON MAIZE-MUNGBEAN INTERCROPPING
Full text linkMungbean is traditionally intercropped with maize by small-scale farmers which do widely in the tropics, including Southeast Sulawesi. This study aims to assess the radiation use efficiency (RUE) and soil water content (SWC) in maize intercropped with mungbean. The research was arranged on Split-Plot Design of two factors, i.e. dose of “komba-komba” compost as the main plot consists on 5 t ha-1 and 10 t ha-1 and planting time of mungbean as a subplot, consists on planting mungbean with maize at the same time, delayed planting of mungbean 7 and 14 days after planting (DAP) of maize. The results shown that the highest RUE of maize 2.69 g MJ-1 and 3.15 g MJ-1 obtained on komba-komba compost dose 10 t ha-1 and planting mungbean 7 DAP of maize, while highest RUE of mungbean 0.31 g MJ-1 and 0.60 g MJ-1 obtained on komba-komba compost dose 10 t ha-1 and planting mungbean and maize at the same time, respectively. The soil temperature has negatively correlated with (SWC) that at the komba-komba compost with rxy = - 0.7422 and at the time planting of mungbean in intercropping with maize with rxy = - 0.7922
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND IN VITRO RUMINAL FERMENTATION CHARACTERISTIC OF SONNERATIA ALBA
Full text linkThe aim of study was to determine chemical composition and comparison of nutritive value of Sonneratia alba and other forages (Gliricidia sepium and Leuchaena leucochepala) by using in vitro gas production technique. The result showed crude protein content in S. alba was lower than that G. sepium (p<0.05) and L. leuchochepala. The NDF content among treatments non significant difference. The ADF and lignin content S. alba were the highest. VFA production and dry matter degradability of S. alba comparable with G. sepium and L. leuchocepala.The ammonia-N production S. alba higher than G. Sepium but showed lower than L. leuchocepala. In conclusion, according to the chemical composition Sonneratia alba was a high-quality feed resources. Utilization of Sonneratia albaby ruminal microorganism in vitro was available. Further in vivo studies could be required to expand the knowledge of the nutritive value Sonneratia alba
COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MINERAL SOILS IN THE MAJOR SAGO-PALM (METROXYLON SAGU ROTTB.)-GROWING AREAS OF EASTERN INDONESIA
Full text linkPhysicochemical properties of the mineral soils, under major sago-palm-growing areas in the eastern Indonesia around Sentani near Jayapura, Papua Province (hereafter Jayapura); Kairatu, Seram Island, Maluku Province (Seram); Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi Province (Kendari); were studied and compared. The soil samples of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depth were collected from every site, respectively, from September 2005 to January 2008. The results revealed that the average of physicochemical properties of the soils from 0-30 cm depth in the sago-palm-growing areas varied depending on the site. Soil bulk densities were averagely higher in Seram (1.35 g cm-3) than those in Kendari (0.98 g cm-3) and Jayapura (0.89 g cm-3). Soil textures around Jayapura were dominated by silty loam. While in Seram soil texture was dominated by silty loam and loam, and around Kendari it was dominated by sandy loam, loam and silty clay. The averages of soil pHs were slightly acid (6.4) in Jayapura, acid in both Seram (5.5) and Kendari (4.9). Total carbons (total-C) in Kendari were higher (30.5 g kg-1) than those in Jayapura (27.2 g kg-1) and Seram (9.9 g kg-1). Based on the averages of nutrient contents including the CEC and the total-C, the sago-palm-growing areas showed the same trend in the order of Kendari > Jayapura > Seram in the CEC, total-N and total-C. On the other hand, the exchangeable-K, and the available-P were showed the trend in the order of Jayapura > Seram > Kendari. Variations of soil fertility such as the exchangeable-K, CEC, and total-N among the soils collected sites in each area are higher in the order of Kendari > Jayapura > Seram. And also we tried to discuss about the relation between the soil physicochemical properties and the reported growth parameters or starch productivity of sago palms grown on the same researched areas