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Peto vmesno poročilo projekta ID:WOOD SEE/D/0227/1.2/X: perioda 1. 7. 2014 - 31. 12. 2014: clustering knowledge, innovation and design in the SEE WOOD sector
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Bazoljubno borovje v Sloveniji: združbe črnega in rdečega bora na karbonatni podlagi in rušja v alpskih dolinah
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Spremljanje nastajanja ksilema in floema ter kambijeve aktivnosti pri bukvi in smreki v Sloveniji
No full textTemporal dynamics of cambial activity and wood and
phloem formation was monitored in European beech
(Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies
(L.) Karst.) at the sites Panška reka near Ljubljana (400
m a.s.l.) and on Menina planina (1200 m a.s.l.) from
2006 until 2014. The monitoring is based on histometrical
analysis of stem tissues of adult trees including
cambial zone, xylem (wood) and phloem. Samples
(micro cores) for analyses were taken from trees using
a Trephor tool at weekly intervals during the growing
seasons. Micro cores were embedded in paraffin in
order to cut cross-sections and make permanent slides
for observations under the light microscope. We
always measured the width or counted the number
of cells in the cambium, forming xylem and forming
phloem increments. The measurements or counting
were performed along three radial files of xylem and
phloem growth rings and the cambial zone. We recorded
the phases of xylem formation: PC – post-cambial
extension growth, SW – deposition of secondary
wall and lignification, MT – mature cells. In phloem we
separately recorded the formation of early and late
phloem. Research on beech was conducted in 2006
and from 2008 until 2014, and on spruce from 2009
until 2014. The monitoring and sampling continues.
We present some main findings on the beginning,
dynamics and cessation of processes which lead to
formation of wood and phloem annual growth layers
in beech and spruce from both sites. We show how
the processes depend on climatic factors. We also
present how the spruce data included in a global data
set of conifers helps to predict how tree productivity
(and survival) will change due to climatic change.
The described processes and their variability are still
poorly understood; it is therefore necessary to continue
the research presented. The results provide basic
knowledge to better understand productivity of trees
and forest stands, wood quality, the impact of climate
change on tree growth and survival, accumulation of
carbon and other processes
Fine root dynamics in Slovenian beech forests in relation to soil temperature and water availability
No full textThe ingrowth and mortality of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) fine roots (diameters <2 mm) were studied in relation to environmental variables describing temperature and water availability at four sites, covering a range in environmental conditions likely to be encountered in Slovenian beech forests. Minirhizotron images were used to determine fine root dynamics in a stand and gap in each of the sites for 12 periods during the 2007–2009 growing seasons. The environmental variables included air and soil temperatures, precipitation, forest floor precipitation, evapotranspiration and soil water contents. For data analysis, the daily mean values for each period for all variables were used. Fine root ingrowth and mortality were higher in the managed stand and gap compared to the old-growth stand and gap, but only significantly correlated with each other in the case of the managed stand. Forest floor precipitation and soil temperature were significant in explaining fine root ingrowth, whereas maximal evapotranspiration, soil temperature and soil water content were more important for fine root mortality. However, the correlations were weak and inconsistent among the four sites. By including site as predictor as well as environmental variables, R2 values of 0.49 and 0.55 for ingrowth and mortality, respectively, were achieved. Despite this, the relationships between the fine root dynamics and selected environmental factors appeared relatively weak and complex, especially for fine root ingrowth and might be partially related also to differences in successional stages of the forests under study
