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A review of silver fir sites in Slovenia
No full textThe article gives an overview of silver fir sites in the territory of Slovenia. We provided a list and a short description of ten silver fir (beech-silver fir, spruce-silver fir) communities. Some of them grow on fresh to moist, neutrophilic or acidophilic sites of the submontane and montane belt (Galio-Abietetum, Bazzanio-Abietetum, Polysticho setiferi-Abietetum), while others prefer very rocky calcareous or silicate sites with initial soil (e.g. Ribeso alpini-Piceetum, Neckero-Abietetum, Calamagrostio-Abietetum, Paraleucobryo-Abietetum). The silver fir has a significant ecological, biotopical and economic role in certain beech (silver fir-beech) communities (e.g. Omphalodo-Fagetum, Homogyno sylvestris-Fagetum, Anemono-Fagetum), but it also grows in most spruce communities, in larch stands (Rhodothamno-Laricetum) and in Alpine dwarf pine stands (Rhododendro hirsuti-Pinetum prostratae= Rhodothamno-Rhododendretum hirusti)
Prehistoric wooden wheel with an axle from pile-dwelling Stare gmajne at the Ljubljansko barje
Get PDFThis chapter introduces a prehistoric wooden wheel with an axle discovered in 2002 at the pile-dwelling settlement Stare gmajne at the Ljubljansko barje. Analyses indicate that it was a technologically advanced product, manufactured by a prehistoric wheelwright. Considering its radiocarbon dating and the age of the settlement, where it was found, the wheel is c. 5150 years old
Interakcije v mikorizosferi določajo dinamiko ogljika v ekosistemu bukovih gozdov
No full textForest soils are the major stocks of organic carbon in terrestrial ecosystems.The dynamics of carbon in soil is closely related to soil (micro)organisms, predominantly symbiotic organisms. Key symbionts in forest soils regarding their taxonomic and functional diversity are ectomycorrhizal fungi. In the present study, we have analysed ectomycorrhizal community in beech dominated forest stands using morphological and molecular identification of ectomycorrhizae. Several new types were discovered and briefly described in soil samples taken in beech forest stands, down to 20 cm deep. Based on ectomycorrhizal type abundance, we have calculated the (static)content of total carbon in each of the type. Quantities of carbon stored in ectomycorrhizae were compared with modelled quantities of total carbon in forest soils. We summarise the role and importance of ectomycorrhizae for carbon dynamics in beech dominated forest ecosystems
Growth characteristics of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) on Isopyro-Fagetum KOS. 62 site
No full textIn this paper, growth characteristics of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands on site of Isopyro-Fagetum KOS. 62 are analysed. The research was carried out in Zasavje, where in mature beech stands five plots measuring 30x30 m were set. All trees above 10 cm were measured and cut for stem analyses. Increment of the last 10 years is statistically significantly influenced by (chronologic) age of trees, shade effect, diameter at breast height, social class and very rarely by crown dimensions. The time of current increment culmination is dependent on age, diameter at breast height, social class and on shade effect. As regards site productivity of the analysed site, a very broad range was ascertained. Variation is almost completely explained by altitude. On three plots sites, productivity increase was confirmed, whereas on one plot the changes were not significant and on one plot site productivity decreased, probably due to the transmitter on Mt Kum
Use of selected light microscopy techniques to investigate wood and bark
No full textWe present some possibilities to use a light microscope for investigations of wood and bark. We investigated intact tissue samples containing the wood, cambial zone and bark. They were taken from living mature beech (Fagus sylvatica
L.) trees at different times of vegetation period. The samples were fixed in FEA (formalin-ethanol-acetic acid) and embedded in paraffin or epoxy resin after Spurr. We made the slices of normal mature wood and of wood in different phases of differentiation, tension wood, cambial zone and bark tissues. The sections were stained with safranin, astra blue, acridine orange and toluidin blue. We also prepared unstained sections for comparison. The sections were observed under the light microscope using bright field and polarization mode, and UV-fluorescence. We present images of sections stained with different stains and observed with different light microscope techniques. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of all used techniques
