SKRIPSI Jurusan Sastra Inggris - Fakultas Sastra UM
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Improving 11th Reading Comprehension by Using Making Connection Technique
No full textABSTRAK Reading is a comprehending process which involves complex steps. It is an important skill that every language learner needs to develop. Despite the important role of reading comprehension, many researchers indicate that the students’ reading comprehension skill is not satisfactory yet. This situationis also found in MAN 3 Malang. The students were found to have difficulty in comprehending the content of reading text because of some factors. They included lack of motivation and low ability in reading, especially in drawing on their prior knowledge and experience. In order to address the issue, the researcher implemented the Making Connection Technique in the reading lessons in collaborative with the classroom teacher. This technique has several steps which could help the students to gradually solve their problems in reading comprehension. The steps that the students can follow are text to text, text to self, and text to world.The design of this research was Classroom Action Research covering four stages; they were planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The subjects of the study were 29 students of class XI MAKBI of MAN 3 Malang. The instruments used to collect the data were students’ reading comprehension test (pre and post-test), observation checklist, and field notes. Since the researcher aimed to know whether the technique could help the students in both lower and upper group to comprehend the reading text, this research is considered successful if there was a significant improvement from their pre and post-test scores.The findings of this study revealed that by using Making Connection technique, the students’ reading comprehension scores had achieved the criteria of success. Besides, the students also showed positive attitude during and after the implementation of making connection technique. This indicated by the results of the observation checklist and field notes, and some students’ testimonial. The several procedure of using the technique that was found to be successful involved, they are (1) making text to text-connection in group, (2) making text to self-connection in group, (3) making text to world-connection in group, and (4) having a class discussion related to the results of their discussion using those three steps in making connection technique. Based on the research findings, the researcher suggestedEnglish teachers to implement the making connection technique in more interesting ways. Future researchers can investigate the use of making connection technique for other research purposes, for example, investigating the effect of prior knowledge on other English skills, such as students’ writing skill
Using Digital Photographs to Enhance 8th Grade Students' Skill in Writing Descriptive Text at MTsN Kunir
No full textABSTRACT Rahmadani, Choirinnisa Nufika. 2017. Using Digital photographs to Enhance EighthGrade Students’ Skill in Writing Descriptive Text at MTsNKunir.Thesis, Departement of English, Faculty of Letters, State University of Malang. Advisors: (1) Prof. M. Adnan Latief, M.A., Ph.D. (2) Drs. AndiMuhtar, M.A. Key Words: writing skill, descriptive text, digital photographs Based on the preliminary study that was conducted in VIII Excellent I class of MTsNKunir, the researcher found that the students have problems in writing. The result of preliminary test showed that the students’ average score was 54. The teacher said that they had difficulties in delivering and developing their idea to start writing. They are also lack of vocabulary. The result of students’ questionnaire showed that most of them were unsatisfied with their writing ability. They also said that their teacher seldom used media or strategy in teaching writing. Hence, to overcome these problems the researcher used digital photographs to improve students’ skill in writing especially writing descriptive text. This study focused on solving the students’ problems in delivering and developing idea to start their writing. This study used digital photographs as media in brainstorming step. The research problem was”How is digital photographs media used to enhance 8th students’ ability in writing descriptive text at MTsNKunir?”. The objective of this study was to develop how digital photographs can enhance the students’ writing ability of eighth grade students at MTsNKunir. The design of this study was Collaborative Classroom Action Research. It consists of four steps namely planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. In this study, the researcher acted as temporary English teacherand the English teacher worked as observer. This study was conducted by two cycles. Cycle 1 contained three meetings and Cycle 2 also contained three meetings. The subjects of this study were VIII Excellent I class students of MTsNKunir. There were 28 students involved in this study. The instruments of data collection were used in this study were interview guideline, observation checklist, field notes, questionnaire, and students’ writing task. Based on the findings, digital photographs were successful in enhancing students’ ability in writing descriptive text. The students’ achievement had met the criteria of success which the students passed the targeted scores that were set for each group. The targeted score of this class was classified into three groups because of heterogeneous of the students’ ablities. The students’ groups were set based on the result of test in preliminary study. The lower group was the group of students who got score ≤50, the middle group was the group of students who got score 51-65 and the higher group was the group of students who got ≥ 66 in the test of preliminary study. The targeted score for lower group was 70, for middle group was 80 and for higher group was 85. The final result of this study shows that all students (100%) were successful in achieving the targeted score. Besides, the students also gave positive responses toward the using of digital photographs. They were enthusiastic participated in the teaching and learning activities during the using of digital photographs. Finally, the suggestions are provided for teachers and future researchers. For English teacher, digital photographs are suggested to be applied as an alternative media for teaching writing especially to help students in delivering ideas in writing process. Then for future researchers who want conduct similar study, digital photographs are recommended to be used in different level of education and other text types.
The Perception of Junior High School Students about the Use of Online Games in Mastering English Vocabulary
No full textABSTRAK Kristanti, Dayu. 2017. The Perception of Junior High School Students aboutthe Use of Online Games in Mastering English Vocabulary. Thesis.English Department, Faculty of Letters, State University of Malang. Advisor: (I) Prof. UtamiWidiati, M.A., Ph.D. and Advisor: (II) Dr. UtariPrabaAstuti, M.A Keywords: students’ perception, online games, English vocabularyThe virtual game world is one of the social media that was created as one of the applications to communicate. This application is built to make it easy for users to create and share ideas, information, and interestsvirtually. It attracts attention and becomes popular in the internet because playing online games; people stimulate the brain and influence the subconscious mind of the players to recognize the words that often appear. Continuous repetition of the structure and vocabulary will familiarize the learner with the language itself, making it easier for them to learn the language, in this context is English. The existence of this game application is expected to help students in learning English other than through formal learning. Therefore, mastering the vocabulary in various ways becomes a necessity. This study examines the perception of Junior High School students about the use of online games in mastering English vocabulary in Private CourseKifkaf Malang.This study is intended to describe the students’ perception about the use of online games in mastering their English vocabulary. This research uses survey method by using a set of questionnaires. Respondents in this study were 63 Junior High School students in Private Course Kifkaf Malang. The questionnaires that had been filled out then returned by the respondents were analyzed by calculating the percentage of students' perceptions to know their perceptions about the use of online games to master English vocabulary.The findings of the study were as follows. Firstly, the researcher collected the data obtained from students’ questionnaires and classified based on categories. Then, the researcher reduced the data gathered and presented in the form of percentages of each item by dividing the number of the students who gave the same answer with the total of the students, and multiplying it with 100%. The researcher made a table in which the researcher put the perceptions of all students on every item. Then the researcher calculated the percentage of the students’ perceptions for each aspect. After that, the data in the form of numbers were elaborated into sentences. The research findings showed that most respondents (96.8) in Private CourseKifkaf Malang were convinced of the importance of learning English and mastering English vocabulary. They also had a positive perception (72.4%) about the opportunities the help and the motivation they obtain through the use of online games in mastering English vocabulary. Based on the result of the study, it is suggested to master English vocabulary using online games. Besides, teacher should pay attention to students’ problems which they sometimes find difficult to interpret English vocabulary. For future research, it is suggested to do research in the same topic using broader subjects and add quantity of the observation
intertextual reading on moses's prophetic narratives and spiderman's superhero narratives
No full textABSTRACT Purnomo, Eryc Zanuardhi. 2014. Inter-textual criticism: Moses prophetic narratives versusSpider-man superhero narratives. Thesis, Department Of English, Faculty Of Letters, State University Of Malang. Advisors: M. Nasrul Chotib, M.Hum. Key words:Intertextuality, narrative platform, functional-textualityThe need of savior possessed by both the ancient and modern people has influenced the development literature during that time. Prophetic narratives emerged to satisfy the need of savior for the ancient people by promoting the idea of God as the answer of all the problems and the bitter life of the people during the ancient time. As time goes by, when literature develops and changes, new narratives emerge to also satisfy the need of Modern day society upon the figure of savior. The superhero narratives which offer the idea of science as the answer of the strange phenomenahappens around modern day societies offers scientific approach to escape from the doom’s day theories finally win the heart of the modern people and start changing the mindset of the society upon the figure of savior. Both narratives according to many experts are not only able to create a strong relationship towards the readers but also take a big role in the development of culture in the society during the narrative was read.Intertextuality as a study to analyze a text, suggest that any text is the new form of previous text. Any text always have the relationship with other texts surrounding it. A text can never stand alone without any influence of other texts. Prophetic narratives with its religious issue and Superhero narratives with its scientific issue whic able to create the same impact towards its reader I suggest is coming from the same root.This study analyses the superhero narratives as the variance of the Prophetic narratives by conducting inter-textual reading towards Spiderman superhero narratives as the example of Superhero narratives and Moses Prophetic narratives as the product of Prophetic narratives as Roland Barthes has said that any text is a new tissue of past citations. Bits of code, formulae, rhythmic models, fragments of social languages, etc.From the analysis it is found that both narratives has fulfilled the 6 standards created by Chandler as parameter to value and analyze the level of intertextuality between the two texts. In terms of reflexivity point which is to value the volume of adoption performed by the newest text, both Moses’s prophetic narratives and Spiderman’s superhero narratives are having similarities in their generic plots, characters and moral/theme of the narratives. While used the same mode or platform in its structure so that both narratives can create the same impact and the same impression towards the reader.in terms of reflexivity.The analysis also found that the development of Superhero narratives which transformed into several forms of narratives are still cannot escape from the platform introduced by the prophetic narrative as the canon one. The analysis also found that it is the development of society which bring new variances and gave a new cover of the narratives but the narratives will always have the same function as a media to promote certain ideology. This thesis through the findings finally reveals that such narratives never changed and develop but the variance and the superheroes in nowadays society is the prophet in ancient society and the idea of science is known as religion in the ancient society.
Rhetorical Moves in the Introduction Section of Research Articles by English Department Students
No full textABSTRACT Wijaya, Rahmad Adi. Rhetorical Moves in the Introduction Section of Research Articles by English Department Students. Thesis, Department of English, Faculty of Letters, State University of Malang. Advisors: (I) Prof. Bambang Yudi Cahyono, M.A., Ph.D. (II) Dr. Furaidah, M.A. Key words: Genre analysis, contrastive rhetoric, research article introductions, English department studentsWriting a research article (RA) in English, particularly its introduction section, is deemed to pose serious problems for novice writers, especially pertinent to the distinctness of its rhetorical conventions. The setbacks can be even escalating for those whose first language is not English (Swales, 1990: 137; Swales and Feak, 1994: 173). This study seeks to examine the rhetorical moves in RA introductions by English Department students majoring in ELT and divulge why the rhetorical moves are realized in the way they are.To conduct the study, 10 RAs procured from English Department students were analyzed. In order to effectively categorize the rhetoric, Swales’ (1990) Create-a-Research-Space (CARS) model, a rhetorical framework for the generic structure of English RA introductions, was used to carry out the analysis. To arrive at a better understanding about the RA writing and views on rhetorical manifestation, interviews were projected to elicit the intended data. In other words, the move analysis and interviews, characterizing a qualitative study, were employed to carry out the project.The principal findings of the move analysis revealed that the rhetorical moves in English Department students’ RA introductions diverge from those expected or practiced in the discourse of English RAs or academic community. Such a notion can be construed by capturing the move-step structures with Swales’ (1990) CARS model. Within Move 1 (establishing a territory), “making topic generalization” is the most frequently step employed by English Department students as a prelude in their RAs, categorization of which is identified by the first sentence entering the text. However, as long as the CARS model is concerned, it is deemed to be too general and therefore does not directly strike the topic from the outset. Such an approach, leaving out “claiming-centrality” and opting for deviating steps, renders their RA introductions not really interest-riveting. Another salient finding is pertinent to Move 2 (establishing a niche). There is only 1 RA text successfully realizing step 2 (indicating a gap) to create a research space. Such a situation makes the selected RA introductions seem to tender less sound arguments to the audience. In other words, it weakens the attempt to justify the importance of the research project, as further evidenced by the absence of pivotal steps such as “reviewing items of previous research” and “counter-claiming.” Concerning Move 3 (occupying a niche), obligatory steps, namely, “announcing present research” and “outlining purposes” are interchangeably utilized. However, as crosschecked with Safnil’s (2000) Problem-Justifying Project (PJP) Model, a rhetorical framework for the generic structure of a RA introduction in Indonesian, English RAs by English Department students are more closely, though not fully, aligned with the model, materializing more steps. Such a result avers that they might still tightly hold or retain the rhetoric of Indonesian in their English RA introductions.Moreover, pertaining to the interviews, four salient points which might account for the rhetorical realization are worth pointing up: (1) a short time span for the RA writing, (2) a copy-paste strategy or heavily loading “raw materials” from the thesis into the research article, (3) the practice of modeling other students’ articles, and (4) the students’ unawareness and unfamiliarity with the rhetoric employed and required in the English RA writing. These findings might plausibly depict the nascent academic culture pervading the students’ rhetorical performance and accentuate the notion of the students’ noviciate as a RA writer. Furthermore, such inferences bear witness to Adnan’ (2004) insightful reports that meaningful research activities should be more productively sustained in Indonesian academic life, particularly at university level. Most importantly, such situations also attest Swales’ (1990) concern that RA novice RA writers need the academic assistance to improve their rhetorical performance pertaining to rhetorical conventions of English RA writing. Otherwise, a deviating rhetorical style can lower the rate of acceptance, for the RAs are encouraged to be publishable in scholarly journals.ABSTRAK Rahmad, Adi Wijaya. Rhetorical Moves in the Introduction section of Research Articles by English Department Students. Skripsi, Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing: (I) Prof. Bambang Yudi Cahyono, Ph.D. (II) Dr. Furaidah, M.A. Kata kunci: Analisis genre, kajian retorika, bagian pendahuluan artikel penelitian, mahasiswa Sastra Inggris Menulis artikel penelitian (AP) dalam bahasa Inggris, utamanya bagian pendahuluan, dapat menyajikan beragam kesulitan yang cukup serius bagi penulis pemula, khususnya berkaitan dengan norma retorika. Kesulitan tersebut bahkan dapat meningkat bagi penulis yang bukan penutur asli bahasa Inggris (Swales, 1990: 137; Swales and Feak, 1994: 173). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji gerak retoris mahasiswa S1 Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris yang terwujud dalam AP mereka, khususnya bagian pendahuluan, dan mencoba menguak berbagai faktor yang melatarbelakangi perwujudan gerak retoris tersebut.Dalam penelitian ini, 10 AP berhasil dikumpulkan dan dianalisis. Agar pengkategorian gerak retoris dapat dilakukan dengan efektif, sebuah bingkai analisis untuk retorika bagian pendahuluan AP bahasa Inggris digunakan. Model ini dikenal dengan nama Swales’ (1990) Create-a-Research-Space Model (CARS). Selanjutnya, agar sampai pada pemahaman yang lebih gamblang tentang manifestasi gerak retoris di AP tersebut, wawancara dipilih sebagai metode untuk mendapatkan data yang dibutuhkan. Dengan kata lain, analisis gerak retoris dan wawancara digunakan dalam penelitian kualitatif ini.Hasil utama dari analisis gerak retoris menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa Sastra Inggris menampilkan gerak retoris yang berbeda dalam AP mereka dari norma retorika yang diharapkan atau dipraktikan dalam diskursus AP berbahasa Inggris atau komunitas akademik. Dengan merujuk pada Swales’ (1990) CARS model, hasil tersebut dapat dipahami dari gerak dan langkah retoris yang terealisasi. Dalam Move 1 (establishing a territory), “making topic generalization” adalah langkah retoris yang paling sering digunakan dan hal ini dapat diidentifikasi dari kalimat pembuka AP. Namun, jika dibandingkan dengan apa yang dimaksudkan oleh CARS model, perwujudan langkah yang digunakan penulis terlalu general sebagai sebuah pembuka. Oleh karena itu, langkah tersebut cenderung tidak menyentuh topik penelitian secara langsung dari awal. Pendekatan semacam itu, ditambah dengan tidak adanya langkah retoris “claiming-centrality” dan malah menggunakan langkah-langkah yang berlawanan dengan model, membuat AP mereka cenderung kurang menggugah perhatian pembaca. Berkaitan dengan Move 2 (establishing a niche), hanya ada 1 teks yang berhasil memenuhi tahap ini dengan menggunakan langkah retoris “indicating a gap” untuk menciptakan ruang bagi penelitian yang diajukan. Hilangnya Move 2 dalam manifestasi retorika AP yang lain membuat AP kehilangan landasan argumentasi yang kuat untuk menunjukkan pentingnya penelitian yang ditawarkan. Hal ini lebih lanjut dibuktikan dengan hilangnya langkah-langkah retoris penting dalam AP seperti “reviewing items of previous research” dan “claiming-centrality.” Terkait dengan Move 3 (occupying a niche), langkah retoris seperti “announcing present research” dan “outlining purposes” lebih sering digunakan atau muncul secara bersamaan dalam AP. Setelah gerak retoris yang diidentifikasi dicocokkan dengan bingkai analisis Problem-Justifying Project (PJP) oleh Safnil (2000), model analisis yang dirancang untuk gerak retoris AP berbahasa Indonesia, gerak retoris di AP mahasiswa Sastra Inggris, meskipun tidak seutuhnya, cenderung lebih mengikuti model tersebut. Yang demikian mencuatkan sebuah kondisi bahwa pola retoris bahasa Indonesia masih melekat dalam AP berbahasa Inggris mahasiswa. Terkait dengan hasil wawancara, terdapat empat poin utama yang mungkin dapat memberi penjelasan untuk manifestasi retorika dalam AP mahasiswa sastra Ingggris tersebut: (1) singkatnya waktu yang tersedia untuk penulisan artikel penelitian, (2) pengkopian konten skripsi tanpa penulisan ulang untuk artikel penelitian, (3) tindakan mencontoh pola retorika dari artikel penelitian mahasiswa lain, dan (4) kurangnya kesadaran dan pemahaman tentang pola retorika yang diharapkan atau dipraktikan dalam diskursus penulisan artikel berbahasa Inggris. Hal tersebut mungkin dapat menggambarkan belum matangnya budaya akademik yang melingkupi perwujudan retorika mahasiswa tersebut dan juga semakin mempertegas posisi mahasiswa sebagai penulis pemula artikel penelitian. Selanjutnya, yang demikian memberi persetujuan pada implikasi utama temuan Adnan (2004) bahwa berbagai kegiatan akademik berbasis penelitian harus lebih digalakkan di lingkup akademis di Indonesia, khususnya di tingkat universitas. Hal ini secara khusus juga menyetujui apa yang di sampaikan Swales (1990) bahwa penulis pemula sangat membutuhkan arahan akademis untuk memperbaiki penulisan AP mereka, khususnya terkait dengan norma retorika AP berbahasa Inggris. Tanpa kemampuan itu, penulisan AP dengan pola retorika yang tidak sesuai dengan norma yang berlaku atau diharapkan akan menurunkan kesempatan AP untuk diterima dan dipublikasikan dalam jurnal-jurnal akademi
Using Problem-based Teaching Strategy with Picture Puzzles to Enhance the 7th Graders’ Ability in Writing Descriptive Text at SMPN 9 Malang
No full textThis Classroom Action Research was conducted to solve classroom problems experienced by the teacher and the students of class VII-C, SMPN 9 Malang. Based on the result of the preliminary study, it was found that the students of VII-C class had problem in writing, especially in writing descriptive texts. Students have problem in organizing ideas, developing their ideas, and using grammar and vocabulary. The researcher also found that the students had never been taught using media, especially picture puzzles. Thus, the researcher conducted this research by implementing the use of picture puzzles as the media to overcome students’ problem in writing descriptive texts. Picture puzzles are jumbled pictures which had to be arranged into complete set. By using picture puzzles, students could make description based on the picture that they have arranged. These media were used to lead the students’ visualization of object in the picture This Classroom Action Research was conducted in one cycle that consisted of four meetings. This research consisted of four steps: planning the action, implementing the action, observing the action, and reflecting the action. The subjects of this study were VII-C class students of SMPN 9 Malang who were in the second semester of 2015/2016 academic year. There were 32 students involved in this study. The research instruments used in this research were interview guides, field notes, observation checklist, questionnaire, and writing task. The English teacher and the researcher’s colleague took role as the observers. The researcher’s colleague was taking role both, as the observer and the rater. The reason why the researcher needed the rater since the researcher wanted to minimize bias in assessing the students’ work. In the end of the cycle, the researcher found that the research has already achieved the criteria of success. The steps in implementing the strategy is as follows: (1) Asking the students to arrange pictures puzzles on a paper into a right arrangement. (2) Asking the students to find vocabulary which might be used to describe the picture and (3) Asking the students to write based on the picture. This study proposes a solution for teacher who have the same or similar problems related to the students’ poor writing ability. The researcher gave suggestion for English teacher to use picture puzzle as media for improving students’ ability in writing descriptive texts. For the further researcher, the researcher gave suggestion to consider the number of the picture puzzle used with the time allotment. This research can also be used as reference for the further researcher.
Using Graphic Organizer to Improve the Recount Writing Skills of 10th Graders of SMKN 11 Malang.
No full textIn vocational high schools in Indonesia, writing skill is one of important skill to master. Writing is one of the skills in English. Writing skills was difficult to master for SMKN 11 students.Based on the preliminary study, the researcher found content and organization components had some issues to be overcome. This research used Classroom Action Research adapted from Kemmis and Mc Taggart’ Classroom Action Research consists of four stages. These four stages are Plan, Implementation, Observation, and Reflection. This research was conductedby using two cycles. The data were collected using writing test in the forms of students’ scores, students’ questionnaires, and teacher’s observation checklist. The criteria of success in this research was set in 70% of the students need to achieve higher than 70. After implementing the Graphic Organizer, it was found that the students improved their writing skillsof recount text. After the first cycle of the implementation, the result of the test given in the third meetingshowed that 37.5% of the students or 12 students from 32 students suceeded in improving their writing in recount text. Then the improvement increased to 90.63% of the students or 29 students out of 32 students succeeded in improving their writing in recount text. Besides, the students’ performance also showed that the students were positive toward the implementation of the Graphic Organizer strategy in the classroom. The implementation was consisted of three stages. In the first stage, the researcher introduced the Graphic Organizer and recount text to the students. He introduced the function and procedure of using Graphic Organizer. After introducing Graphic Organizer, the second stage was giving a sample text to be converted to Graphic Organizer. The students were supposed to write down the main idea of each section of recount text in the Graphic Organizer. The researcher guided and discussed together with the students about how to use the Graphic Organizer correctly.In the last stage, the researcher gave topics for the students for composing Graphic Organizer and then writing their own recount text. The Graphic Organizer can therefore be used to help students improve their writing skills in recount text. In line with this, the researcher offers somesuggest-ions to English teachers and future researchers. For the English teachers, the researcher recommends that they use the Graphic Organizer to improve the students’writing skills. For future researchers, the researcher suggests that they explore Graphic Organizer in improving students’ writing skills in other types of texts, or even other English skills.
The Teachers’ Strategies in Teaching Speaking to the Seventh Grade Students of SMP Negeri 4 Malang
No full textABSTRACT Putri, Diajeng Fitrah Indi. 2016. The Teachers’ Strategies in Teaching Speaking to the Seventh Grade Students of SMP Negeri 4 Malang. Thesis, Department of English, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Negeri Malang. Advisors: (I) Dra. Sri Andreani, M.Ed. (II) Dr. Utari Praba Astuti, M.A. Key Words: the teaching of speaking, teacher’s strategies Some students, especially junior high school students, seldom speak English in their daily conversation. They often use their local languages in the classroom or out of the classroom. This is due to several problems: the students were lack of practice speaking English, they were afraid of making mistakes, they did not have self-confidence, and they could not keep the interaction going. To solve these problems, the teachers have to find an appropriate way or strategy to encourage them to speak. This study adopted descriptive research. In this study, the researcher attempted to find out (1) the teachers’ strategies applied in teaching speaking and (2) the teacher’ problems in implementing the strategies of teaching speaking. SMPN 4 Malang was chosen because the students won some local English contests in speaking. The subjects of this study were two English teachers of SMPN 4 Malang. The data collected from the observation and interview was organized based on the research problems. All of the data collected through the observation and interview were described. The results of the observation were analyzed through some steps. The data from interview which had been into transcription were also sifted and decoded in order to review the teachers’ activities in applying the strategies from the result of the observation. Then, the evaluation result of the data taken from field notes of observation and transcription of interview was analyzed based on the theories and the previous study. The result revealed that (1) the strategies used by the teachers were interview, show and tell, presentation, and drilling. The students responded towards the strategies positively and (2) the problems faced by the teachers included the absence media and limited use of materials in teaching speaking. In conclusions, the teachers need to use appropriate strategies, additional materials from other sources, and media in teaching speaking to achieve the goals of the teaching and learning process. Based on the findings, it is suggested that English teachers should have an interesting way in teaching speaking skill in both classes and the teachers should also use some media during the implementation of the strategies, such as the power point presentation software for presentation. For future researchers, they are recommended to conduct similar studies with deeper investigation and more frequent observations.
Conceptual Metaphors in English and Indonesian Online News Articles of Football Match Reports.
No full textThe writing style of sport articles, especially football news articles, is different from another kind of news articles. It is because there are many specific expressions in a football game that cannot be found in another sport games. Another thing that makes football news articles different from another kind of news articles is the use of figurative language.One of kind of figurative language used in football news articles is conceptual metaphor.The use of language in describing football terms is varies since football is one of the most popular sports in the world. People around the world have their own languange to describe football. Therefore, the use of metaphorical expressions in English and other languages might be different. Thus, this study aims to investigate the types of conceptual metaphors, used in selected English and Indonesian football match report articles, the differences and similarities between English and Indonesian languages in conceptualizing metaphors in football match report articles, and the functions of using conceptual metaphors in English and Indonesianfootball match report articles. This study is a descriptive-qualitative study. The data sources are the football match report articles taken from eight English and Indonesian websites which have a football section. All of the match report articles used are the articles of 20 football match held in April – May 2016. The theory used to support this research is the Lakoff and Johnson’s theory (2008) about conceptual metaphors. Based on the results of this study, there are 45 conceptual metaphorical expressions found in the selected English and Indonesian football match report articles. Three categories of conceptual metaphors are used in the selected articles, those arestructural, orientational, and ontological metaphor. The results show that there are 35 structural metaphor, 7 orientational metaphor, and 3 ontological metaphor found in this study. Also, the results show there are 26 English conceptual metaphors and 19 Indonesian conceptual metaphors found in the selected articles.The possible reasons of using conceptual metaphors in the football match reports are to express concept and meaning in the form of words and to make coherent narratives of different events of the match. For future researchers, the researcher’s suggestion is to investigate the use of conceptual metaphors in the form of spoken data such as football live commentary and also to investigate the use of conceptual metaphors in another kind of news articles.
Jargons in the Fashion Online Magazine Zalora
No full textABSTRAK Wulandari, Yuly MN. 2017. Jargons in the Fashion Online Magazine Zalora. Thesis, English Department, Fakulty of Letters, State University of Malang. Advisors: (I) Dr. Johannes A. Prayogo, M.Pd. M.Ed. (II) Dr. Hj. Emalia Iragiliati, M.Pd Keyword: Jargon, Fashion Online Magazine ZaloraAs a fashion magazine, Zalora is recognized as a trend to get various products or information through online bloggers. As one of the biggest brand fashion retailers and online magazines in Asia, Zalora can be used to convey information, persuade the readers with the news and articles, and to attract the people to buy the products. In this regard, the role of jargon is one way for creating effects to the customers. This present study aims to reveal the types of jargons, morphological process and semantic meaning of the jargons.Using descriptive qualitative method, this study involved 102 jargons used by Zalora. The sources of the data were taken from Zalora Magazine that can be accessed on Zalora website. The researcher did the following steps to collect the data: 1) visiting Zalora official website, especially Zalora Singapore 2) listing the jargon words, 3) sorting the jargon words 4) taking a note for each of its jargons, and 5) analyzing the jargon words based on morphological process, types of jargon, and semantic meaning.The findings show that 1) most of the jargons are written in the form of words, 2) the jargons are divided into nine morphological processes : 3 acronyms, 4 blending words, 24 borrowings, 6 clippings, 8 coinages, 11 compounding words, 15 derivations, 30 multiple processes, and 1 semantic change, 3) the types of jargon are divided into three types : technical jargon, gobbledeegok, and buzzword, which buzzwords appear the most, 4) denotative meanings are mostly found in this research, because the meaning of the jargons can be found in some sources such as dictionary, internet, or books. Finally, it can be concluded that Fashion Online Magazine Zalora implies different values. It is suggested to learn more about the importance of jargon as one of the aspect in creating a purposeful jargon. Therefore, the writers should create a creative jargon and write the meaning of the jargon inside of the magazine. Besides, it also suggested to the readers, that they should be aware of using jargon phenomena. For the further researches should explore the jargons in different fields of community