Jurnal Teknologi & Industri Hasil Pertanian
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KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA MIKROENKAPSULAN ANTOSIANIN DARI LIMBAH CAIR PENGOLAHAN PATI UBI JALAR UNGU (Physicochemical Characteristics of Anthocyanin Microencapsulant from Wastewater of Purple Sweet Potato Starch Processing)
Get PDFWastewater from starch processing of purple sweet potato (PSP) was rich in anthocyanin, so it can be used as raw material for natural pigments. Anthocyanin pigments are unstable under processing conditions so microencapsulation is carried out to maintain their stability. This study aims to evaluate the effect of maltodextrin concentration as an encapsulant agent on the physical and chemical characteristics of microencapsulant of anthocyanin derived from wastewater of PSP starch processing. Wastewater from PSP starch processing was concentrated using a water bath at 10 oC for 10 hours. The crude extract of anthocyanin obtained then was microencapsulated by spray drying technique using maltodextrin as an encapsulant agent. Maltodextrin was added at concentration 15%, 25%, and 35% (w/w). The anthocyanin microencapsulants produced then were evaluated for their physical and chemical characteristics. The results showed the increasing of maltodextrin concentration will increase the L* value (lightness), b* value (greenness), ohue, solubility, hygroscopicity, but decrease the anthocyanin content, a* value (redness) and and antioxidant activity (IC50). The microstructure of anthocyanin microencapsulant has a spherical shape with a curve on its surface. The addition of 15% maltodextrin produces the best characteristics of anthocyanin microencapsulant with anthocyanin content 40.80 ppm, IC50 36.27 ppm, solubility 52.80% and color value (oHue) 11.17 (red purple). These characteristics indicate that anthocyanin microencapsulant from wastewater of PSP starch processing can be applicated as natural food colorant.Keywords: anthocyanin microencapsulant, purple sweet potato, wastewater, maltodextrin
IDENTIFIKASI MINYAK CITRONELLA DENGAN GCMS DAN APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI MINYAK ANGIN AROMATERAPI [Identification of Citronella Oil With GCMS and Its Application In Aromatherapy Medicated Oil Formulation]
No full textThis study aimed to identify citronella oil and find its application as safe aromatherapy medicated oil preferred by consumers. Medicated oil was made in 4 formulas with the ratio of menthol crystals, white oil, gandapura oil, citronella oil, peppermint oil and lemon oil 6: 1: 5: 2: 2: 4; 6: 1: 5: 0: 2: 6; 6: 1: 5: 0: 8: 0 and 6: 1: 5: 8: 0: 0. GCMS results showed that there were 60 volatile organic compounds in citronella oil with alcohol as the most abundant component and contained several compounds that play a role in the development of aromatherapy wind oil products, namely cyclopropane, geraniol, and nerol. The four aromatherapy formulas with a pH of 4.96-5.37, were safe for the skin, non-irritating, stable, and complied with BPOM Head Regulation No. 12 of 2014 with total microbial content of 0-4.5 x 103 colonies/ml. Based on color, natural fragrance, freshness, the warmth, texture and over all likeness, formula with menthol crystal, white oil, gandapura oil, citronella oil, peppermint oil and lemon oil with ratio of 6: 1: 5: 2: 2: 4 and 6: 1: 5: 8: 0: 0 have the highest value of the preference.Keywords: GCMS, aromatherapy and citronella oil
PENERAPAN SIX SIGMA DAN KAIZEN UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI KUALITAS ROTI DI UD. CJ BAKERY[Application of six sigma and kaizen to improve the bread quality In UD. CJ Bakery]
No full textSweet bread produced by UD. CJ Bakery has defects in the form of size, texture and color. In this study the process of improving the quality of sweet bread in UD. CJ Bakery was done by application of the six sigma and kaizen methods. The results showed that the cause of bread size defects was a less efficient cutting technique with a defect percentage of 28.97%. Color defects were caused by the length of the curing process and too high heating temperature with a defect percentage value of 20.51%, while texture defects were caused by a prolonged proofing process with a defect percentage value of 50.51%. Actions to reduce the value of product size, color and texture defects were by using good and correct cutting techniques, taking into account the time and temperature of the oven, and making a simple proofing cabinet. The sigma level before the improvement was 2.24 with a DPMO value of 259,333. After improvement, the sigma level value was 2.38 and the DPMO value was 115,600. These results showed that UD. CJ Bakery has improved its quality after implementing Six Sigma and Kaizen.
KARAKTERISTIK FISIK COOKIES PADA BERBAGAI RASIO TERIGU DENGAN TEPUNG UMBI DAHLIA DAN PENAMBAHAN MARGARIN [Physical Properties of Cookies Made from Different Ratio of Wheat with Dahlia Tuber Flours and Addition of Margarine]
Get PDFCookies are one of the snacks, usually made from wheat flour and have high carbohydrate and fat but low fiber contents. In the present study, dahlia tuber flour was used to substitute wheat flour to produce fiber-rich cookies. The effect of dahlia tuber flour and wheat flour ratio and the addition of margarine were studied. The optimum formulation was obtained by Derringer’s desirability function, by comparing the closeness value of the physical properties of cookies made from dahlia tuber flour with control cookies made from wheat flour as a target. The result showed that optimum formulation to produce fiber-rich cookies obtained by using dahlia tuber flour and wheat flour ratio of 30:70 and margarine 75%, with total desirability (D) value of 0.84
PENGARUH GLUKOSA DAN JAHE MERAH TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MINUMAN PROBIOTIK DARI KULIT NANAS MADU
Get PDFThe availability of sufficient energy sources to grow lactic acid bacteria and spices addition can influence probiotic drinks' characteristics. This study aimed to study the effect of glucose and red ginger extract on honey pineapple skin probiotic drinks' characteristics. This study used a Complete Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor was glucose concentration, namely 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% w/v, while the second factor was the concentration of red ginger extract, namely 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% (v/v). The data were analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA), and the differences between means were determined using the orthogonal polynomials. The results showed that glucose increased total lactic acid bacteria and pH, but decreased the preference score of taste, color, and overall reception, but did not affect those of honey pineapple probiotic juice extract's aroma. The red ginger extract increased the taste, aroma, color, and overall acceptance scores, but did not affect the pH and total lactic acid bacteria of pineapple probiotic drinks. The best probiotic drink was from 2% glucose, and 3% red ginger extract, which had 1.3 x 109 colony lactic acid bacteria /mL; total lactic acid 0.63%; pH 3.69; somewhat like the taste, somewhat like the aroma; and somewhat like overall reception.Keywords: glucose, honey pineapple peel, lactic acid bacteria, probiotic beverage, red ginger
EFFEKTIVITAS MIKROKAPSUL OLEORESIN FULI PALA (Myristica fragrans HOUTT) SEBAGAI PENGAWET DAGING AYAM BROILER
No full textNutmeg oleoresin microcapsule is the solid, liquid, and gas coating technology of the nutmeg fruit. The purpose of this study was to know how mace nutmeg oleoresin microcapsules could preserve the broiler chicken meat at room temperature during 4 days of observation. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments with mace concentration of nutmeg microcapsules oleoresin (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200) ppm. The variables observed were water content, pH value, total microbes, and organoleptic properties (color, aroma, and texture). The results showed that mace nutmeg oleoresin microcapsules did not affect (p> 0.05) water content and sensory properties of broiler chicken meat, but had a significant effect (p <0.05) on the pH value and total microbe at the same day of room temperature storage. Panel organoleptic test results on the level of preference for meat color, aroma, and texture of chicken meat were in the range score of 3 (somewhat like) to 4 (somewhat dislike). The treatments of nutmeg oleoresin did not affect (p> 0.05) on color, the aroma, and the texture of broiler chicken meat. This research shows that marinating using oleoresin microcapsules has not been effective as a preservative to broiler chicken meat at room temperature. Keywords: chicken meat, mace nutmeg oleoresin microcapsule
KARAKTERISTIK FISIKO-KIMIA JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus ostreatus) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN
No full textWhite oyster mushroom is a type of food that is easily damaged (a highly perishable food). This study aimed to determine the rate of change in texture, color, volatile compounds, and amino acid composition in white oyster mushrooms during storage at various temperatures and CO2 concentrations. The research design used was a Factorial Complete Randomized Design (FCRD), with a storage temperature treatment (A) consisting of three levels, namely A1 (10 ± 2 °C), A2 (20 ± 2 °C), A3 (30 ± 2 °C) and treatment of adding CO2 gas (B) consisting of four levels, namely B0 (control), B1 (20%), B2 (30%), and B3 (40%). Tukey HSD carried out the treatment that was significantly different at a 5% level. The results showed that the order of the quality decline reaction of the white oyster mushrooms was order one. The best treatment for storing the white oyster mushrooms with a MAP method of PE packaging was the addition of 30% CO2 at a storage temperature of 10 °C. The major volatile compounds in fresh white oyster mushrooms were 3-Octanone (44.54%), 3-Octanol (23.24%), 3-Heptanone, 6-methyl- (10.26%), whereas after 10 days of storage were 3-Octanone (35.05%), 3-Octanol (25.89%), and 5-Ethyl-3methylhept-1-en-4-ol (8.45 ppm). The major amino acid composition in fresh white oyster mushrooms was glutamate, aspartate, and lysine, whereas after 10 days of storage were glutamate, lysine, and aspartate.Keywords : Amoni acid, White oyster mushroo
ANALISIS KADAR KAFEIN, ANTIOKSIDAN DAN MUTU BUBUK KOPI BEBERAPA INDUSTRI KECIL MENENGAH (IKM) DI KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR [Analysis of Cafein, Antixidant and Quality Levels Coffee Powder of Some Medium Small Industries (IKM) In the Tanah Datar Regency]
No full textThe caffeine, antioxidant levels, and the quality of coffee powder produced by some small and medium industries in Tanah Datar District were determined in this study. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for the public regarding the caffeine and antioxidants content, as well as the quality of the coffee powder. Samples were obtained from 3 sub-districts in Tanah Datar District, including Salimpauang District, Sungai Tarab District, and Limo Kaum District. The purposive sampling method was used in this study by considering the most famous coffee powder products and well-liked by the public. Analysis of the characteristics of the coffee powder included the caffeine and antioxidant levels, water content, and ash content, as well as organoleptic tests. The results showed that the caffeine content of the coffee powder of most SMI (4 from 6 SMI sample) in the Tanah Datar Regency met the quality standards of SNI. The content of antioxidant was ranged from 32,79 to 39,53%. Likewise, the water (7%) and ash (5%) content have fulfilled the SNI 01-3542-2004 quality standards.
PROFIL TEKSTUR DAN HEDONIK PEMPEK LENJER BERBAHAN LOKAL TEPUNG TALAS BOGOR (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) DAN IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus)The Texture and Hedonic Profiles of Pempek Lenjer Made from Local Commodities of Bogor Taro Flour (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) and African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)]
No full textPempek merupakan salah satu jenis makanan tradisional masyarakat Sumatera Selatan dengan bahan utama daging ikan dan tepung tapioka serta ditambahkan air dan garam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan bahan lokal tepung talas Bogor dan penggunaan ikan lele dumbo terhadap profil tekstur dan kesukaan pempek lenjer serta kadar protein dan seratnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi proses pemfilletan daging ikan lele, pembuatan adonan dengan campuran tepung tapioka dan talas, pembentukan pempek lenjer, dan perebusan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah perbandingan tepung tapioka dan tepung talas Bogor sebesar 100g:0g, 85g:15g, dan 70g:30g serta penggunaan daging ikan lele dumbo sebanyak 90g, 100g, dan 110g. Pempek yang telah dihasilkan kemudian diuji profil tekstur yang meliputi kekerasan, kekenyalan, dan kelengketan serta uji hedonik yang meliputi warna, aroma, rasa, dan tekstur kekenyalan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ikan lele dumbo dan tepung talas Bogor yang lebih banyak menyebabkan kecenderungan semakin menurunnya tingkat kekerasan dan meningkatnya tingkat kekenyalan pempek lenjer yang dihasilkan serta tidak berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap tingkat kelengketan. Uji hedonik menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung talas dan ikan lele cenderung memiliki nilai kesukaan yang masih rendah terhadap parameter aroma, rasa, dan tekstur kekenyalan walaupun nilai kesukaan terhadap parameter warna cenderung memiliki nilai kesukaan yang lebih tinggi. Selain itu, uji hedonik menghasilkan kombinasi perlakuan perbandingan tepung tapioka dan talas 85g:15g dan ikan lele sebanyak 100 g sebagai perlakuan terpilih dalam penelitian ini. Pempek terpilih memiliki kadar protein dan serat pangan sebesar, berturut-turut, 7,06% dan 2,16%
Application of Mono-Diacylglycerol from Fully Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil for making Ice Cream
No full textThe quality of ice cream is largely determined by the type of emulsifier used. The utilization of an appropriate emulsifier will produce ice cream with good quality. A mixture of Mono-Diacylglycerol made from fully Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil (furthermore in this paper we named it as MDAG) and Tween-80 in various comparisons was used as an emulsifier in ice cream making and their effects were analyzed. The composition of the mixture was determined based on 5 types of HLB values, namely 4.5 (E1); 5.3 (E2); 6.1 (E3); 6.9 (E4); and 7.7 (E5); obtained from a mixture of MDAG and Tween-80 (87.5: 12.5); (80.8: 19.2); (74.2: 25.8); (67.5: 32.5); and (60.8: 39.2), respectively. The five treatment levels of the mixture composition of the two types of emulsifiers were arranged in a completely randomized design with 4 replications. The parameters observed were overrun, melting time, texture, and consumer preferences for taste and overall acceptance. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) . The results showed that the composition of the mixture of MDAG and Tween-80 had a very significant effect on overrun, melting time, texture, taste, and overall acceptance of the ice cream produced. The best quality ice cream was obtained from the mixture composition of MDAG and Tween-80 at HLB 6.1 with MDAG: Tween-80 (74.2: 25.8) with an overrun value of 68.43%, melting time of 21.13 minutes, texture score of 4.76 (as good as a local commercial ice cream produced in Kumpeh District, Muaro Jambi), preferences score of taste was 5.92 (from a score interval of 1-7), and an overall acceptance score was 5.56 (from a score interval of 1-7)