Jurnal Teknologi & Industri Hasil Pertanian
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VIABILITAS INOKULUM BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT (BAL) YANG DIKERINGKAN SECARA KEMOREAKSI DENGAN KALSIUM OKSIDA (CaO) DAN APLIKASINYA PADA TEMPOYAK
No full textChemoreaction drying using Calcium oxide (CaO) has potential to be applied due to its heatless effect and low cost. The aim of this research is to know the effect of CaO concentration upon chemoreaction drying on viability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), as well as to know the effect of carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) as protecting agent on viability of LAB and to evaluate its application of that inoculums on fermented durian. The results showed that the higher concentration of CaO used, the faster velocity of drying. The highest viability of LAB (68%) was achieved by the treatment of CaO ratio and culture of 1:5. However, the LAB viability of this research was considered low indicated that it needs improvement in the further research. The CMC as protecting agent was able to increase viability of LAB compare to those without CMC treatment. Application of inoculums to tempoyak fermentation was comparable as it had highest sensorial score and total LAB compare to those without LAB inoculums in term of more acid. Keywords: Calcium oxide, chemoreaction, drying, tempoyak, viability
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN INOKULUM CAMPURAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KIMIA DAN MIKROBIOLOGI SELAMA FERMENTASI COKLAT
No full textThe effects of the addition of mixed inoculums consisted of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus lactis and Acetobacter aceti on the chemical and microbial changes during cacao fermentation were investigated. The fermentation conditions were designed as natural fermentation (without any inoculum addition), fermentation added with mixed inoculums at zero fermentation time, and fermentation added with S. cerevisiae, L. lactis, and A. aceti at the zero, first, and second day of fermentation, respectively. The fermentation was conducted in the sweat box of 5 kg for 5 days and sampling was done at every 12 hours. The result showed that the addition of mixed inoculums at zero time speeded the optimum fermentation time. Microbial inoculums added at the first or second day of fermentation are not recommended. Keywords: Cacao bean, chemical and microbial changes, fermentation, mixed inoculum
FLAVOR FORMATION IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLES
No full textFlavor is an important sensory aspect of the overall acceptability of food. The sensation of flavor is comprised of aroma, taste, which are most affecting the sensation of flavor, texture and psychological perception. Determination of flavor is most emphasized on the constituents flavor rather than the mechanism and metabolic pathway. However, this paper will have a discussion on the flavor formation in fruit and vegetables. Key words: Flavor, flavor chemistry, flavor formation, aroma, taste
VALIDASI PERSAMAAN BATAS KERUSAKAN MANGGA ARUMANIS BERDASARKAN ZERO MOMENT POWER
No full textThe objectives of this research were to validate the border equation of arumanis mangoes damage caused by fruit fly using zero moment power (Mo) number. The method is based on measurement of zero moment power ultrasonic wave in arumanis mangoes. Results showed that mean of Mo number normal arumanis mangoes was 4,58 and Mo number arumanis mangoes damage caused by fruit fly was 6,40. Prediction equation was Mo number more than 5,60 for normal mango and Mo number less than or same 5,60 for mangoes invested by fruit fly. Keywords: ultrasonic, arumanis mangoes, fruit fly, Mo number, validation
SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK DAN KANDUNGAN TOTAL FENOL MINUMAN REMPAH TRADISONAL (MINUMAN SECANG)
No full textSecang drink is an Indonesian traditional drink, especially from Yogyakarta and Central Jawa, that is made from secang wood (Caesalpinia sappan L) which gives red color like wine. Except secang wood in secang drink, there are also other spices, such as ginger, clove, lemongras, cinnamon bark, cardamon, and nutmeg. The active component of spices mostly from phenolic compound, including brazilin dan brazilein (secang wood), zingiberen, gingerol, dan shogaol (ginger), eugenol (clove), geraniol, citronellal, citronellol, lemonene (lemongrass), sineol dan sinamaldehida (cinnamon bark), cineol dan pinen (kapulaga), myristicin dan safrol (nutmeg). This research objectives were to investigate the effect of various types of phenols in the spices of the organoleptic properties and phenol total content of secang drink. The treatments were the formulation of secang drink, secang wood (F1), secang wood and red ginger (F2), secang wood, red ginger, lemongrass (F3), secang wood, red ginger, lemongrass, clove (F4), secang wood, red ginger, lemongress, clove, cinnamon bark (F5), secang wood, red ginger, lemongrass, clove, cinnamon bark, cardamon (F6), secang wood, red ginger, lemongrass, clove, cinnamon bark, cardamon, nutmeg (F7). The formulation of secang drink were 1 liter water, 5 stalk secang wood (1 cm), 100 gram red ginger, 2 clove, 2 lemongrass, 2 stalk cinnamon bark (1 cm), 2 cardamon, 1/3 nutmeg, 100 gram sugar, 1 tablespoon. Based on the average value of the panelist's favorite degree on color, aroma, flavor, and overall appearance of the most high secang drinks in a row is the formulation 1 (3,4), formulation 2 (3.0), formulation 2 (2.8 ), and the formulation of 2, 4, 5, and 6 (2.8). There were differences between the treatment of color and aroma, but nots between the treatment of taste and overall appearance. The formulation 1 of secang drinks contained the lowest total phenol (117.989 mg/L) and the formulation 7 of secang drinks contained the highest total phenol (186.055 mg/L). There was not any difference between the treatment of total phenol content of secang drinks
SENYAWA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA GOLONGAN ASAM LEMAK DAN ESTERNYA DARI TANAMAN
No full textProblems in food preservation have grown to be more complex as new food products are continuously introduced onto the market. They require longer shelf life and greater assurance of protection from microbial spoilage. There are several chemicals that can be used as antimicrobial agents. For instance, acetic acid and sulfur dioxide are widely used as food preservatives. However, these chemicals required caution in handling since they are corrosive and their vapors can irritate the eyes and respiratory tract. Although conventional synthetic antimicrobial agents have excellent activities, their safety in human body has been considered doubtful. Since it is known that antimicrobial agents are contained in natural materials, many research studies have been carried out to improve the shelf stability of foods and cosmetics using natural antimicrobial agents. Many naturally occurring compounds found in edible and medicine plants, herbs, and spices have been shown to possess antimicrobial function and could serve as a source of antimicrobial against food pathogens. Recently the interest in the biological activities of plant extracts has been rekindled and has been the subject of intense scientific investigation. Fatty acid and its ester forms as monoglyceride and or diglyceride of plant materials, especially from palm kernel oil and coconut oil such as lauric acid (12:0), miristic acid (14:0) and capric acid (10:0) have antimicrobial function. The antimicrobial activities of monolaurin, monomiristin and or monocaprin and its diglyceride’s forms are well recognized and showed a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activities toward several microbes. Keywords: Fatty acids, monolaurin, monomiristin, monocaprin, antimicrobial activitie
FORTIFIKASI JAGUNG MANIS DAN KACANG HIJAU TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK, KIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK SUSU JAGUNG MANIS KACANG HIJAU
No full textSweet corn-mung bean milk can be used to helping increasing the nutrition status of the society . This research was aimed to find the formulation of sweet corn and mung bean that produce sweet corn-mung bean milk with the best physical, chemical and sensory characteristics and is accepted by consument. The experiment was arranged in a completely block randomized design (CBRD) withy one factor and three replications. The treatments were five formulations of sweet corn and mung bean , they were 3:1 (F1), 2:1 (F2), 1:1 (F3), 1:2 (F4), and 1:3 (F5) (w/w). The data were analysed using analysis of variance, and then continued with 1 % and 5 % Least Significant Different Test. The determinination of the water addition that produced mung bean-sweet corn milk that is compliance with the total solid in SNI (11.5 %) was done in the preliminary research. The preliminary research result showed that mung bean sweet corn milk has total solid of 15-19% for all of formulations, while the best favorable milk was milk with the formulation: water that is at 1:10. The result of the main research showed that the stabilityobjectively, protein content, and organoleptic characteristic were not significanly different among sweet corn and mung bean formulations, but the stability visually, the viscosity, soluble total solid and fat content were significanltly different among sweet corn and mung bean formulation. According to the SNI (soluble total solid, protein and fat contents) are the formulation that have met the soy milk quality standard, but the best formulation was found in F2, with the protein content of 3,183% , fat content of 3,667%, and the most favourable formulation was F2 formulation with 1, 893 score. The result of amino acid analysis on the best mung bean-sweet corn milk showed that five types of essential amino acid (threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine and lysine) have not met the amino acid standard yet by FAO (1973). In conclusion, the combination of sweet corn and mung bean become mung bean sweet corn milk has not overcome the lack of lysine on corn and methionine on mung bean yet. Keywords : ,Amino acid, sweet corn, mung bea
KARAKTERISASI TEPUNG UBI KAYU MODIFIKASI YANG DIPROSES MENGGUNAKAN METODE PRAGELATINISASI PARSIAL
No full textThis research was aimed to characterize modified cassava flour processed through partial pregelatinisation method compared to sawut cassava flour as a control. The results showed the application of partial pregelatinization method produced cassava flour that has different characters compared to sawut cassava flour. The characters were different in the term of color reaction complex with iodine (redish purple compared to blue), the microscopic apearance of starch granules (swelling condition compared to not swelling/native condition), gelatinization temperature (87.0oC compared to 75.0oC), maximum viscosity (965 BU compared to 900 BU), whiteness degree (86.20% compared to 78.76%), water absorption (2.36 g/g compared to 0.13 g/g), water solubility (0.25 g/ml compared to 0.13 g/ml), amylose content (32.67% compared to 15.32%), and odour (3.85 compared to 2.37). Key words : Modified cassava flour, pregelatinisation method, sawu
KARAKTERISTIK FUNGSIONAL POLISAKARIDA PEMBENTUK GEL DAUN CINCAU HIJAU (Premna Oblongifolia Merr.)
No full textThe effect of citric acid concentration on functional characteristics of polysaccharide forming gel (PFG) of green cincau leaves (Premna Oblongifolia Merr.) were evaluated. PFG of green cincau leaves were extracted through the use of citric acid (0,0%, 0,1%, 0,2%, 0,3%, 0,4%, and 0,5% w/v) solution, precipitated using ethanol, and followed by drying of the extracts. The results showed that increasing of citric acid levels reduced the viscosity, water holding capacity, and bulking capacity of the PFGs. Oil holding capacity and water solubility were not affected by citric acid addition. The addition of 0.0% citric acid produced the highest viscosity, water holding capacity, and bulking capacity suggesting possible uses of the extract as dietary fibre with good laxative effect. Key Words: Green cincau leaves, functional characteristic, dietary fibre
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI CHITOSAN SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGAWET TERHADAP MASA SIMPAN MIE BASAH
No full textThe objective of this research was to asses the optimal chitosan concentration as wet noodle preservative. The study conducted two stage 1) . to know the best concentration and storage duration of wet noodle. The first factor was chitosan concentration (K) K0 (0 ppm), K1 (50 ppm), K2 (100 ppm), K3 (150 ppm), K4 (200 ppm) and the second factor was storage duration H0 (0 hour), H1( 24 hours), H2 (48 houurs) and H3 (72 hours). 2). To know the best chitosan concentration’s compared with using of formalin. The result shows that higher chitosan concentration will give higher quality wet noodle which was showed by parameter microba total account, texture, rancidity, and overall acceptance. Optimal chitosan concentration was 150 ppm with optimal storage duration 24 hours. Chitosan can be developed and used to avoid formalin and the other kinds of hazard material using for food product. Keywords : Chitosan, formalin. antibacterial activitie