Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia
Not a member yet
101 research outputs found
Sort by
Aktivitas Residu Protein Cry1Ac Pada Lahan yang Ditanami Kapas Transgenik-Bt di Bajeng dan Soppeng, Sulawesi Selatan
Full text linkThe persistence in soil of Cry1Ac protein originating from transgenic Bt-cotton was determined using bioassay against the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Transgenic Bt-cotton (Bollgard) and nontransgenic cotton (Delta Pine) were planted at two field sites in South Sulawesi, i.e. in Bajeng and Sopeng. Soil samples were collected from each plot at the two field sites at 0, 1, 3, and 5 months after planting, and at one-month intervals after harvest for three months. Soil suspension from each sample was mixed with agar based diet (1 g soil/20 ml soil-diet mixture) then was presented to neonate larvae of H. armigera. Two reference standards were used, i.e. pure Cry1Ac protein (0.165 x 104 to 1.436 x 105 ng per ml of the proteindiet mixture) and non-Bt-soil spiked with Cry1Ac protein (0.11 x 104 to 9.573 x 104 ng per ml of the soil-diet-mixture). Larval mortality was recorded at 7 days of treatment. In both reference standards, mortality of H. armigera larvae occurred in a concentrationdependent fashion, i.e. larval mortality increased with the increase in Cry1Ac protein concentration, with LC50 of 0.95 x 104 and 1.65 x 104 ng/ml, respectively, for the pure protein and spiked non-Bt-soil standards. Result of the bioassay of soil samples from the field sites showed the residues from both transgenic cotton soils did not cause any mortality (0%) in the test insects. This indicates that the concentrations of Cry1Ac residue in soil at the study sites were very low (in the second standard, Cry1Ac at a concentration of 0.33 x 104 ng/ml caused about 10% larval mortality).KEY WORDS: Transgenic-Bt, Cry1AC, Kapas, Sulawesi Selatan, Helicoverpa armiger
Status dan Mekanisme Resistensi Biokimia Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) terhadap Insektisida Organofosfat serta Kepekaannya terhadap Insektisida Botani Ekstrak Biji Barringtonia asiatica Penulis:
Full text linkAn examination of insect resistance was determined by several steps, i.e. standard sensitivity, resistance diagnosis, and determination of resistance level. Each phase was tested with feeding and residue contact methods at glass tube. Resistance ratio (RR) was determined by comparing LC50 value of field population with standard population. Field population of C. pavonana was classified resistant if it had RR 5 4. Biochemistry analysis of resistance was conducted to population of C. pavonana showing resistance to prophenophos insecticide. The activity analysis of acetylcholine esterase (ACHE), esterase, and Glutation Stransferase was done with spectrophotometer method. Insect which are resistant to prophenophos insecticide was tested for its sensitivity to Barringtonia asiatica seed extract. Result indicated that C. pavonana population from Pengalengan showed resistance to prophenophos synthetic insecticide. Using contact test, the highest resistance ratio value was 4.04, while by feeding assay the RR was 2.78. The study on biochemical resistance mechanisms of each field population of C. pavonana showed various activities of enzymatic detoxification. This could be due to the difference in the kind of insecticides exposed to each field population of C. pavonana. Since RR value from the contact test was higher than that of the feeding test, the resistance development of C. pavonana to synthetic insecticides was probably caused by physiological and biochemical changes in insect cuticle rather than the activity of detoxification enzyme. Methanolic seed extract of B. asiatica can be used as an alternative of resistance management of C. pavonana to prophenophos synthetic insecticide. KEY WORDS: Resistance, enzyme, organophosphat, botanical insecticid
Perkembangan dan Kandungan Nutrisi Larva Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) pada Bungkil Kelapa Sawit
Full text linkHermetia illucens, is used as a reducing agent of palm kernel meal (PKM), as well as one of alternative protein sources for aquaculture purposes. Information about biology of H. illucens is absolutely required in mass production. The objectives of these researches were to study the development of H. illucens including the effect of supplementary food to the adult, and nutrient content of the immature stage. The sample of 20 larvae from each 3 replicates were measured and weighed on 0-19th day (larva) and 24th day (pupa) from egg hatching. H. illucens adults were fed by water and honey 5% (v/v). Eggs were collected and counted. Nutrient content of immature stage: 5, 10, 15, 20 days old (larvae), and 25 days old (prepupae) reared on PKM were analyzed proximately. Dry matter was determined by weight loss on drying at 105 oC during overnight. Crude protein was determined by Kjeldahl procedure (N x 6.25), crude fat by soxhlet (ether extract), crude ash by determining the residue after heating at 550 oC for 4–5 h. Data were analyzed descriptively by average from triplicate. The development of H. illucens was shorter than those in previous studies as the differences of abiotical factor. PKM was a suitable medium for development. It was better, however, to fed the adult with honey since it could enhance the fecundity. The young larva certainly contained the best quality of nutrition. To meet the quantity of mass production, however, the use of the elder larva (bigger) was suggested. KEY WORDS: Hermetia illucens, development, PKM, proximate analysi
Pengaruh Habitat Sekitar Lahan Persawahan dan Umur Tanaman Padi terhadap Keanekaragaman Hymenoptera Parasitika
Full text linkAs the largest group of biological control agents, Parasitic Hymenoptera plays an important role in controlling pest outbreaks in agricultural habitat. Unfortunately, there is a lack of information about the occurrence of different parasitoids as it relates to the condition of the surrounding habitat and the phenology of crop plants. The objective of this research was to study the effect of rice field surrounding habitat and age of rice plant on the diversity of Parasitic Hymenoptera. The research area was located in Carang Pulang Village, Dramaga, Bogor. We selected four block sites which represented different of habitat condition and age of rice plant. In each block, we set up six yellow pan traps (with minimum distance 20 meter) and one malaise trap. Sampling of insects were conducted weekly from 6 to 12 week after planting. From this research, we collected 1,833 individual of Hymenoptera (non-ants) belonging to 9 superfamilies, 23 families, and 216 species. Parasitic Hymenoptera was more abundant (96%) and species rich (84%) than Aculeata. Our result showed that the type surrounding habitat (block) and age of rice field significantly affect the diversity of Parasitic Hymenoptera. We found positive correlation between age of rice plant and species richness of Parasitic Hymenoptera. KEY WORDS: Parasitic Hymenoptera, diversity, rice field, yellow pan trap, malaise trap
Ketertarikan Anaxipha longipennis Serville (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) terhadap Beberapa Jenis Gulma di Sawah sebagai Tempat Bertelur
Full text linkAnaxipha longipennis Serville (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) is one of the generalist predator in rice habitat that has a potential as a biological control agents of rice leaf folder eggs and small insects such as rice hoppers. Females insert their eggs in plant tissue. The female’s oviposition site is important for the subsequent distribution of the cricket. Oviposition preference on 17 weeds species from rice habitat were tested in a free choice experiment in the laboratory. There was strong evidence to conclude that the cricket preferred certain plant for laying eggs. In free choice experiment nine species of weeds were preferred by A. longipennis for laying their eggs instead of rice. The preferred species were ranked as follows: rice, Monochoria vaginalis, Cyperus rotundus, C. iria, Echinochloa colonum, E. crusgalli, Eleusine indica, Fimbristylis miliacea, Imperata cylindrica, and Limnocharis flava. Whereas Ageratum conyzoides, Alternanthera sessilis, Commelina diffusa, Leersia hexandra, Leptochloa chinensis, Ludwigia adscendens, Panicum repens, and Sonchus arvensis were not preferred in free-choice test. KEY WORDS: Anaxipha longipennis, oviposition sites, rice, wee
Pengaruh Penggunaan Repelen Masal Jangka Panjang Pada Suatu Pemukiman terhadap Keberadaan Nyamuk Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae)
Full text linkA Study of The Effect of Mass Treatment of Repellent on Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). Larval populations was carried out during 14 week period at Laladon village Bogor. A total of 3684 respondents were treated and 202 houses were surveyed for house index (HI), container index (CI), and breteau index (BI). The results showed that long-term mass treatments were effective to decrease 64.85% of the HI, 27.15% CI and 13.57% of BI, up to three weeks after the last application of the repellent. Final checks which were done four weeks later resulted HI as low as 13.86%, CI 7.68%, and BI 3.84%, compared to those at the beginning of the survey which were 73.27%, 31.87% and 15.93%, respectively. KEY WORDS: Aedes aegypti, repellent, breteau index, container index, house index
Pengaruh Ketiadaan Inang terhadap Tanggap Reproduksi Trichogrammatoidea armigera Nagaraja dan Trichogramma japonicum Ashmed (Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatoidea) dan Implikasinya terhadap penerimaan Inang
Full text linkEffect of Host Deprivation toward Reproductive Capacity of Trichogrammatoidea armigera dan Trichogramma japonicum and Its Implication on Host Acceptance. Trichogrammatoidea armigera and Trichogramma japonicum are polyphagous egg parastioids, that are important as natural enemies. The objective of this research was to study the effect of host deprivation on reproductive capacity of T. armigera and T. japonicum. . This study consists of 8 treatments, host deprivation : 0 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 48 hours. Host were replaced every 24 hours. Results showed there are difference with respect of how the two parasitoids respond to the treatment. Deprivation of host for 3 hours in T. armigera resulted in the increase of egg production and parasitism rate. After 12 and 24 hours of not encountering any hosts, the numbers of eggs produced drastically decreased. Treatment on T. japonicum resulted in the reaction of fecundity and parasitism rate overall. Forty eight hours of host deprivation resulted in death of both parasitoids species within 2 days. None of the parasitoids seems to produce any egg.. KEY WORDS: Host deprivation, Trichogrammatoidea armigera, Trichogramma japonicum, osorption
Patogenitas Cendawan Entomopatogen Nomuraea rileyi (Farl.) Sams. terhadap Hama Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Full text linkPathogenecity of Entomopatogenecity of Nomuraea rileyi (Farl.) Sams to Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The purpose of this research is to study the pathogenicity of Nomuraea rileyi (Farl.) Sams. to eggs and larvae of Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The fungi were isolated from insect cadaver of S. exigua. Egg clusters and several instar larvae with different conidial concentrations (106 – 109 conidia/ml) were used in the experiment. The results of experiment showed that there was no effect of all concentrations of fungi on egg mortality. Mortality of S. exigua larvae was dependent on the instar and conidial concentration. Generally with increasing conidial concentrations, the mortality were also increasing. KEY WORDS: Nomuraea rileyi,Pathogenicity, Spodoptera exigua
Formulasi Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Grayak Padi (Mythimna separata Walker) pada Tanaman Padi.
Full text linkSeveral methods can be used to control pest infestation, especially by the use of biological agents that do not contaminate environment. Virus as a biological agent has already been used to control army worm on some plants. Some benefits can be obtained when biological agents are used to control insect infestation. The objectives of these studies were to obtain: 1) a method to produce MsNPV formulation from rice army worm; 2) an effective and efficient method to pack and store MsNPV formulation as biological agent of rice army worm and 3) an efficient application method of MsNPV formulation to control rice army worm. These studies were conducted at laboratory and green house in Bogor and rice field in Indramayu (Pantura) and Sukabumi, West Java during the planting season of 2005. The experiment consisted of several parts: 1) production of suspension and MsNPV formulation from the larvae of rice army worm, 2) packing and period storing of MsNPV formulation, 3) observe the effect of MsNPV formulation on rice army worm in the rice fileds. Results from these studies show that the number of larvae used will effect production of suspension and formulation of MsNPV. The number of larvae used would increase the production of suspension and the value of formulation will also increase. While method of packing, period of time and location of storing showed that time period of 1; 2; and 3 months at different colour of plastic (blue and white) also location of storing refrigerator vs room temperature (cupboard and table) did not effect on mortality of larvae rice armyworm. KEY WORDS: Rice, army worm, NPV formulation
Kemampuan Pemangsaan Menochilus sexmaculatus F. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) terhadap Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (Homoptera: Aphididae)
Full text linkIn nature many different types of prey encountered, but information concerning the ability of predators to preys on the prey is still less The goals of this research was to knew functional response i.e. the relationship between ability of individual M. sexmaculatus to eat prey (R. maidis) on differential population density. The hypothesis of The study was the more availability of prey (R. maidis) and the older of predator stages M. sexmaculatus), then predation ability would growing up. The research method is to place directly larvae (first instar and fourth instar) and adult female M. sexmaculatus predator was on its prey, R. maidis, in a variety of population densities with first instar nymphs, the fourth and adult The result of this study shown that the ability to predation of young and adult of M. sexmaculatus was Type II to R. maidis, so it was categorized as effective biological control agent. Ability to predation of adults stages of M. semaculatus is better than young stages. Based on analysis of non linear regression, to the maximum predation of female adults of M. sexmaculatus was 300 various stage of R. maidis per 24 hours. . KEY WORDS: Functional response, M. sexmaculatus and R. Maidis