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Venezia, 1324: quale giustizia per Marina Volpe?
Full text linkITALIANO: Nel 1324 la nobile veneziana Marina Volpe denunciò il marito per averla mutilata e sfigurata. Si era trattato di un atto violentissimo, difficile da nascondere, e per il quale la donna era sicuramente stata in pericolo di vita. Durante il processo fu riconosciuta la sua buona reputazione, mentre Bellino Signolo fu accusato, incarcerato e costretto a risarcire la moglie e garantirle una forma di mantenimento. 700 anni dopo le raspe della magistratura che analizzò il caso riassumono la vicenda e lasciano intravedere i contorni e i risvolti di una situazione af-
fatto isolata, ma strabiliante per la sua attualità. / ENGLISH: In 1324, the Venetian noblewoman Marina Volpe accused her husband of mutilating and disfiguring her. The crime was violent, difficult to conceal, and undoubtedly placed Marina’s life at risk. During the hearing, the judges acknowledged Marina’s good reputation, while her husband, Bellino Signolo, was convicted, incarcerated, and compelled to compensate and maintain his wife. Now, seven hundred years later, the records of the magistrates who analyzed the case summarize the events and illuminate the context and implications of dynamics that were not uncommon and remain extraordinarily relevant today
Das Mittelalter. Perspektiven mediävistischer Forschung Zeitschrift des Mediävistenverbandes. Bd. 29 Nr. 1 (2024): Verschränkte Welt Medien, Modelle und Diskurse mittelalterlicher Meteorologie
Full text linkDEUTSCH: Meteorologische Phänomene waren im Mittelalter nicht nur ständige Begleiter des Menschen: Wind, Regen, Blitze und andere atmosphärische Phänomene konnten über die Existenz und das Überleben von Individuen wie von Gemeinschaften entscheiden. Nicht zuletzt die Tatsache, dass derartige Phänomene als Ergebnis einer Verschränkung zwischen der sichtbaren Realität der „Meteore“ mit den weniger sichtbaren kosmologischen Strukturen des Universums verstanden wurden, bewegte die Menschen des Mittelalters dazu, meteorologische Phänomene eingehend zu erkunden. Dieses Themenheft versammelt eine Reihe interdisziplinärer Beiträge aus dem Bereich der Mediävistik, die zeigen, wie die Phänomene des Himmels in verschiedenen Kulturen Ausgangspunkt zur Theoriebildung waren. / ENGLISH: Meteorological phenomena were not only a constant companion of people in the Middle Ages: Wind, rain, lightning and other atmospheric phenomena could affect and determine the existence and survival of individuals and communities. Above all, it was the fact that these phenomena were seen as the result of an entanglement of the visible reality of ‘meteors’ and the less visible cosmological structures of the universe that prompted people in the Middle Ages to explore meteorological phenomena. This special issue brings together a series of interdisciplinary contributions in the field of medieval studies that show how such phenomena were the starting point for theorising in different cultures
Waiting for the barbarians: the frontiers of the Ostrogothic Kingdom during the reign of Theoderic
Full text linkSeveral letters written by Cassiodorus deal with Ostrogothic borders, describing the forts that guarded the Alpine passes, discussing the administration of frontier areas or lingering on the virtues and the vices of the people who inhabited them. The evidence provided by the Variae indicates that frontiers were a crucial part of the Ostrogothic Kingdom during the reign of Theoderic, not only because they were the gates of Italy and had to be garrisoned to prevent hostile incursions, but also because they became a cornerstone of his political communication,
stressing the difference between “Romanized” Goths and the “savage” tribes who lived beyond the Alps
Cultural boundaries, epigraphic boundaries
Full text linkThe concept of borders, examined from the point of view of the epigraphs, reveals how the use of inscriptions was a well-established strategic device among the elites: in particular, the knowledge of the value and efficacy of the writing displayed (as the cases of Venice and Croatia demonstrate), especially when considered within horizontal and vertical borders, indicates great attention to the epigraphic forms and formalisms employed. Such knowledge of epigraphic practice thus contributes to the construction of a lasting and widespread epigraphic landscape
Reflecting Peasant Agency in Medieval Rural Milieu Research of East Central Europe
Full text linkDespite an exceptionally long tradition of research on medieval rural milieu, peasant agencyrepresents a new theoretical approach that has not yet been coherently reflected in East Central Europe. Issues within social archaeology remain on the fringes of the archaeological interpretations. The view of the peasantry was heavily influenced by economic history and Marxist historiography, portraying peasants as a passive, conservative, homogeneous, socially unequal, and subaltern group vis-à-vis the upper class/elites. This text represents the very first effort to
assess the rich evidence obtained by large-scale excavations of deserted medieval villages by adopting a peasant agency perspective. To achieve this, we introduce seven prospective themes in which the diversity and complexity of rural communities that have taken an active role in historical processes making collective and individual decisions can be illustrated. Our ambition is to offer a new insight into late medieval peasants in East Central Europe, enhance their comprehensive understanding, and stimulate future research directions
I livelli dello spazio sacro nel Castello Aragonese di Ischia. La Cattedrale dell'Assunta e la sua cripta = Levels of the sacred space in the Aragonese Castle of Ischia. The Cathedral of the Assumption and its crypt
Full text linkITALIANO: La Cattedrale dell’Assunta e la sottostante cripta dedicata a San Pietro rappresentano un emblematico episodio architettonico ospitato all’interno del Castello Aragonese di Ischia. Le sproporzionate dimensioni dell’edificio sacro rispetto all’invaso antropizzato circostante erano il frutto della regale committenza angioina che, all’inizio del XIV secolo, aveva individuato in quella costruzione un importante elemento propagandistico. L’antica magnificenza della Cattedrale è riscontrabile anche oggi nonostante la sua conservazione allo stato di rudere. La ricerca presentata in questo volume ha avuto come obiettivo principale la definizione e la sperimentazione di una metodologia che, partendo dal rilievo sistematico dell’organismo cripta-chiesa e intersecando le risultanze ottenute con quelle ricavate dalla bibliografia di riferimento, dalle fonti d’archivio e dalle fotografie storiche, pervenisse alla ricostruzione digitale delle principali fasi costruttive della Cattedrale. Il lavoro condotto conferma quanto sia complesso indagare la storia degli antichi edifici e quanto sia faticoso pervenire, con certezza scientifica, anche solo ad una piccola novità. / ENGLISH: The Cathedral of the Assumption and the underlying crypt of Saint Peter represent an emblematic architectural episode housed in the Aragonese Castle of Ischia. The disproportionate size of the sacred building compared to the urban surrounding was the result of the Angevin commission. At the beginning of the fourteenth century the royal family identified in that building an important propagandist element. The ancient magnificence of the Cathedral can be found today despite its preservation in the state of ruins. Starting from the systematic survey of the crypt-church organism and intersecting the results with those obtained from the bibliography, archive sources and historical photographs, the main objective of the research presented in this volume was to define and test a methodology that The main objective of the research presented in this volume was to define and test a methodology that would lead to the digital reconstruction of the main construction phases of the Cathedral. The work confirms how complex it is to investigate the history of ancient buildings and how hard it is to arrive, with scientific certainty, even just a small novelty
Indagini GPR e LiDAR sulla rocca di Garda. Una finestra sull’abitato del castrum tardoantico e altomedievale
Full text linkITALIANO: Le indagini archeologiche sulla rocca di Garda, condotte tra il 1998 e il 2003 dall’Università di Padova, hanno rivelato la complessità del sito, con strutture risalenti al periodo post-classico. Nel 2020, un’indagine georadar e successivamente un’elaborazione di dati
LiDAR hanno permesso di mappare il deposito archeologico in modo non invasivo. Questa metodologia di rilevamento ibrida e integrata ha permesso l’identificazione della topografia
originale, confermando la significativa rilevanza storica e archeologica della fortificazione. / ENGLISH: Archaeological investigations at the rocca di Garda (north Italy), carried out between 1998 and 2003 by the University of Padua, revealed the complexity of the site, with structures dating back to the post-classical period. In 2020, a georadar survey and subsequent LiDAR data processing allowed for the non-invasive mapping of the archaeological deposit. This hybrid and integrated survey methodology enabled the identification of the original topography, confirming the significant historical and archaeological importance of
the fortification
Notai ai limiti occidentali dell’Impero: il caso della Provenza (secoli XI, XII e inizio XIII)
Full text linkITALIANO: Il presente intervento intende osservare le specificità del notariato della Provenza medievale, una regione in continuo contatto con le grandi città italiane e situata ai margini occidentali dell’Impero. La prossimità geografica con l’Italia e la frequenza dei rapporti commerciali con le città della Penisola ha portato a interpretare il notariato di questa regione come un istituto calcato sul modello italiano e ispirato da un diritto comune di derivazione bolognese. La cultura tecnico giuridica sviluppata tra XI e XII secolo, ben visibile nella struttura dei documenti prodotti in cui non si menzionano quasi mai gli scribi e l’autorevolezza del documento si appoggia su fattori spesso non testuali, chiarisce l’evoluzione delle prassi notarili nelle principali città della regione e il controllo energico delle istituzioni comunali sulle forme dei loro documenti. / ENGLISH: This paper will observe the specificities of the notariat in medieval Provence, a region in con-tinuous contact with the large Italian cities and located on the western fringes of the Empire. The geographical proximity to Italy and the frequency of trade relations with the Italian cities led to the interpretation of the notariat in this region as an institution modelled on the Italian model and inspired by a common law of Bolognese derivation. The technical-juridical culture developed between the 11th and 12th centuries, clearly visible in the structure of the documents produced in which scribes are almost never mentioned and the authority of the document relies on often non-textual factors, clarifies the evolution of notarial practices in the region’s main cities and the energetic control of municipal institutions over the forms of their documents
Le implicazioni politiche della sorellanza: Adelperga e Liutperga alla fine del regno longobardo
Full text linkITALIANO: Le figlie di re Desiderio e Ansa furono concesse in sposa ad alcuni tra i più importanti personaggi politici del loro tempo. Ciò avvenne prima della conquista del regno longobardo da parte di Carlo Magno, evento che trasformò profondamente gli equilibri politici della penisola
italiana e, più in generale, dell’Europa occidentale nell’alto Medioevo. A partire da due lettere conservate in originale presso gli Archives Nationales di Parigi, ma utilizzando anche un ricco dossier di fonti narrative di area meridionale e transalpina, questo saggio analizza il
ruolo politico che le figlie di Desiderio e Ansa ebbero in qualità di consorti regie. Esso ipotizza inoltre che le due donne fossero implicate sia nelle negoziazioni che intercorsero tra Benevento e Costantinopoli nel 787 sia in quelle che forse avvennero tra Benevento e la Bavaria nel
medesimo anno, sottolineando il ruolo dei legami familiari e specialmente quello delle donne nella diplomazia tra le corti altomedievali. / ENGLISH: The daughters of King Desiderius and Ansa married some of the most important political leaders of their time. This happened prior to the conquest of the Lombard Kingdom by Charlemagne, which altered the political balance in the Italian peninsula and, more broadly, in early medieval Western Europe. Relying on two original letters preserved in the Archives Nationales in
Paris, as well as on a rich dossier of narrative sources from the southern and transalpine regions, this paper analyses the political role that the daughters of Desiderius and Ansa played as royal spouses. It also suggests that Adelperga and Liutperga were involved in the negotiations between Benevento and Constantinople in 787, and in those talks that may have taken place between Benevento
and Bavaria in the same year. This highlights the significance of family connections, particularly female bonds of sisterhood, in early medieval court diplomacy
Ota, una badessa di stirpe regia
Full text linkITALIANO: Tre sole carte, e concentrate in appena tre mesi, testimoniano l’attività di Ota, badessa del monastero di San Salvatore di Brescia alla metà del secolo X. In quelle carte Ota si dice nata da una progenie regia, ma nella tradizione degli studi pochi hanno creduto che ciò fosse vero. Il saggio si propone allora di restituire una identità a questa badessa dimenticata, accostando allo studio delle carte l’analisi delle tracce che ella lasciò nel Codice memoriale del monastero e provando a ricostruire lo specifico contesto storico politico in cui si trovò a vivere e a operare. / ENGLISH: Three documents, concentrated within just three months, testify to the activity of Ota, abbess of the Monastery of St. Salvatore in Brescia in the mid-10th century. In these documents, Ota claims to be of royal lineage, though few scholars have believed this to be true.
This essay aims to restore an identity to this forgotten abbess by combining the study of these documents with an analysis of the traces she left in the monastery’s Memorial Codex and by attempting to reconstruct the specific historical and political context in which she lived
and worked