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Colour evaluation of sterilized and unsterilized palm fruitlets mesocarp at different storage time
No full textColour has been widely used in agriculture application in order to indicate the different level of ripeness and freshness of fruits and food. In this study, the freshness of oil palm fruitlet was evaluated by measuring its colour using colorimeter. Two types of oil palm fruitlets were investigatedsterilized and unsterilized, and the fruitlets were exposed to the environment for three days. The measurement of colour (in terms of L*, a*, and b* values) was measured using Konica Colour Reader on an exposed surface that was cut to specific dimension. The individual parameters of L*, a*, b* colour systems were measured daily for three days. The findings revealed that the unsterilized fruitlet showed the most significant color change after three days which indicates that oxidation and deterioration of the freshness continues to occur. The sterilized fruitlet did not show any major difference of colour value which can be explained by the inhibition of enzyme activity by sterilization process that causes oxidation. This study has proven that colour can be used to evaluate the freshness and oxidation of oil palm fruitlets. The findings of this study will be useful for palm oil industry to develop a proper palm freshness evaluation system
Subbudaya simbol sebagai sebahagian asas identiti sosial mat rempit
No full textMat Rempit adalah kumpulan sosial yang masih kekal dalam masyarakat sehingga hari ini. Kumpulan sosial tersebut memiliki dan mengamalkan subbudaya simbol dalam aktiviti dan tingkahlaku mereka. Kajian ini ingin melihat sejauhmanakah simbol kumpulan Mat Rempit berperanan sebagai identiti sosial melalui interaksi sosial yang berlaku dalam kalangan mereka. Kajian yang dijalankan bertujuan untuk menghuraikan simbol yang dimiliki dan diamalkan oleh kumpulan Mat Rempit berdasarkan analisis behaviouristic everyday-defined. Kaedah pemerhatian tidak ikut serta digunakan untuk mendapatkan data-data kajian bersama tujuh orang informan melalui temubual mendalam. Persampelan judgemental digunakan bagi mendapatkan informan kajian melalui ciri-ciri Mat Rempit yang ditunjukkan seperti cara berpakaian dan perbualan dengan ahli-ahli kumpulan Mat Rempit menurut behaviouristic everyday-defined. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif dan menganalisis data-data kajian melalui pemahaman behaviouristic everyday-defined. Hasil kajian menunjukkan Mat Rempit mempunyai subbudaya simbol yang memberikan identiti sosial dalam membezakan diri mereka dengan masyarakat arus perdana. Oleh yang demikian, keberadaan kumpulan Mat Rempit dalam masyarakat disahkan secara tidak langsung melalui subbudaya simbol yang dimiliki
A comparative study on interior acoustic comfort level of compact cars using data mining approach
No full textPerformances of Jatropha and waste cooking oil biodiesel blends fuel combustion using diesel engine.
No full textHigh demands on biodiesel fuel usage on diesel engine is influences the manufacturer to produce more biodiesel fuel especially by using waste products instead of plant oil. Currently, waste products are easily to recycle in many ways including fuel production in order to get better environment. In addition, biodiesel fuel consuming is claimed in HC and CO emissions reduction. It shows that biodiesel fuel combustion is promising to emit the green emissions into environment and protect our planet from global warming. Biodiesel fuel consumption also is one of an alternative to support high demand and depleting of fossil fuel. Jatropha oil and waste cooking oil biodiesel fuels were produced using a two-step of transesterification process using methanol with sulfuric acid catalyst to diminish their free fatty acid level. Then, the transesterification was continued with methanol and the catalyst of potassium hydroxide.The paper focuses on the determination of chemical properties of biodiesel blends fuel using jatropha oil and waste cooking oil biodiesel fuel in different percentages. It also presents the combustion performances and emissions of both biodiesel fuels in diesel engine
Electrical consumer panel with automated leakage current detector system
No full textIn this research work, automated leakage current detector for electrical consumer panel is carried out. Residual Current Device (RCD) is protection equipment that install in the panel for every building where power supply is required. RCD detects leakage current by monitoring the current in both phase and neutral. Mechanical switch has been developed to trip RCD when there are any differences in between these two current. As RCD tripped, power supply cutoff immediately, the developed automated system can detect the Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) consists of leakage current. The system will generate instructions to user to open the particular MCB(s) which consist of leakage current and close the RCD to gain back power suppl
To explore customer consciousness towards brand loyalty between Malaysian and international students
No full textIn the age of modern competitive market force, where traditional marketing system is not enough to capture the loyalty from customers, and the increasing consciousness toward the brand making the marketer more concern to survive and the competition are becoming more difficult. So, customers are more conscious about their choice and giving more priority on the right product with right features, conditions, images and quality at the right price. The aim of this study is to explore customer consciousness toward brand loyalty between Malaysian and International Students. Quantitative research method is being used to evaluate the outcome of the research where total survey respondents were 197 (140 Malaysian and 57 International students) and the scope of the research is limited to the respondent of University Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan. The result of regression linear and Pearson Correlation showed that except price-consciousness, brand-consciousness, quality-consciousness and social-consciousness have positive significant relationship toward brand loyalty
Purity and structural composition of lignin isolated from Miscanthus x giganteus by sub-critical water extraction with associated modifiers
No full textLignin is an industrial by-product produced from the pulping and paper industry, where the
process generates lignin in the form of lignosulphonates. While there are many applications
for lignin, there are all low value and attempts to add value to lignin are hindered by its
complex physicochemical nature and the presence of sulphur. Adopting the biorefining
concept, the study evaluates the impact of direct (DE) and sequential extraction (SE) of
Miscanthus x giganteus using sub-critical water with associated modifiersethanol and carbon
dioxide on the physical and chemical properties of the extracted lignin. Isolated lignins were
characterised by a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Although higher
delignification was achieved by DE and SE about 81.5% and 58.0%, respectively, the lignin
recovered from the SE process showed remarkably higher purity with 91.5%. Lignin recovery
did not differ considerably for either processing method. FTIR revealed a qualitative reduction
in the intensity of bonds corresponding to hydroxyl groups for the lignin derived from DE
rather than SE processing routes. These indicated that the lignin derived from SE had potential
for subsequent preparation in lignin value-added bio-based materials
Mobile Augmented Reality Hand Wash (MARHw): Mobile application to guide community to ameliorate handwashing effectiveness to oppose Covid-19 disease.
No full textThe global concern about a new pandemic associated with the insufficiency of vaccines has necessitated basic practices of handwashing to get prevention in Covid-19 disease in modern health issues. At this point, due to that, the researchers develop a simple mobile application engaging augmented reality to educate the urban and rural community on a notable effect of basic infection prevention practices peculiarly on hand wash guidance to prevent Covid-19 infection. A quality of a hand wash could be attained by washing hands in conformity with health standard guidelines. In this study, we analyze a sample size of 83 participants (n=83), there were categorized by age, young adult (ages 15 to 35, n=28), middle-age (36 to 55, n=28) and older adults (older than 56 years, n=27) through three main formulated hypotheses namely as a step, movement, and duration and being analyzed by SPSS version 25 by using Anova. The differences in demographics and gender are not being compared amongst the group. The final result underlying a statistical significance draws two significant factors for step and movement and there was no significant effect at the time factor of utilizing this mobile application. Hence,the final result could mitigate the Malaysian government sector peculiarly to the health department to alleviate the load of educating a community about a proper hand wash that would ease the process
A new approach of energy generation during the Pandemic COVID-19.
No full textThe new coronavirus (COVID-19) has started spreading all over the world. Every infected isfighting to recover a little and every health worker is fighting to save a single life in this pandemic. There is no place for patients to stay in the hospital, health workers are given all possible services to save their lives. In this situation, uninterrupted power system is needed, which can be supplied by solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Therefore, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are becoming attractive day by day with competing environmentally friendly energy sources due to high energy efficiency, low emission rate and comparatively low operating cost. The purpose of this work is to investigate how copper-doped perovskite electrode materials impact the performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) to overcome such crucial times successfully. Different synthesis process of Cu-based electrodes and analyzing electrochemical properties were investigated in this work. The evaluation was performed in terms of synthesis process, sintering temperature, lattice type and parameters, electrical conductivity, thermal expansion coefficients (TEC), polarization resistance, activation energy, and power density. In order to provide additional energy during this pandemic COVID-19, low-cost, highly performed, and durable materials are needed to make SOFC
Synthesis, preparation and characterization of H3BO3 nanoparticles as a additive for machining lubricant
No full textThe minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) plays a critical role in providing excellent machining performance and application of nanoparticles in base fluids are one of the best way for MQL in machining. The boric acid nanoparticles which are eco friendly are one among the exceptional to demonstrate the outstanding properties. This paper gives report on the enhancement of heat transfer performance in various machining applications, the nature of dilute colloidal suspensions in the medium of base fluids are necessary. The H3BO3 nanoparticles synthesis, preparation and, characterization are crucial for their stability in the suspensions to exhibit excellent Nanofluid properties. In this investigation, the preparation of boric acid nanoparticles using mechanical ball milling and XRD for synthesis and characterization