Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi
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Testing the validity and reliability of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-21 instrument for individuals with psychodermatology
Get PDFIndividual psychological health can be seen from the health of the skin. Some skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis can be exacerbated by psychological problems. Based on this, a collaboration between specialist doctors and psychologists is needed to screen for psychological disorders in sufferers. One psychological screening instrument is the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-21; this study aims to test its validity and reliability. Non-probability convenience sampling was employed, and 292 participants aged 18-54 were willing to take part in the study. An internal structure validity test was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis, while concurrent validity was assessed by correlating DASS-21 with PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PSS scores. The reliability test was analyzed using composite reliability. The results of the CFA analysis showed that the data matched Lovibond's theory and that all DASS-21 items were valid (RMSEA =.076, CFI=.961, TLI = .955, SRMR = .065). The results of the concurrent analysis showed that the three scales had a positive correlation with the dimensions of DASS-21, while the reliability results showed a satisfactory value (.850 – .923). The results of the study indicate that DASS-21 is a valid and reliable instrument and can be used to measure depression, anxiety and stress in individuals with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis
Disproving the myth of racial harassment and trauma among Indonesian Americans
Get PDFRacial trauma among Asians, including Indonesians, has increased dramatically in the United States. While many studies have been written about the significance of recurring race-related traumatic incidents, the broader meaning of the unexpected and dark side of racial trauma experiences among Indonesians who reside in the United States is under-reported. This study aims to explore the meaning of experience dealing with racial trauma among Indonesians living in the United States using a qualitative phenomenological approach. We conducted in-depth interviews via the Zoom platform with a nationally representative purposive sample of 16 adults aged 26 and older. In analyzing this phenomenological study, all stages of phenomenological reduction were used. The findings demonstrate that racial trauma among Indonesian Americans can be categorized into three themes: 1) feeling sad and angry, 2) being exhausted, and 3) suffering physically. Therefore, the myth that Asian Americans are immune to racism and its effects is not necessarily true. This study also offers implications for future research on racial understanding and discussion
The relationship between gratitude and well-being: The moderating effect of religiosity on university freshmen during the COVID-19 pandemic
Get PDFThe various challenges and difficulties faced by college and university freshmen (new students) during the COVID-19 pandemic can affect their well-being. This well-being condition is influenced by gratitude and religiosity, as well as the role of religiosity in moderating these relations, are the main objectives of this study. The research was conducted on new students in the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 academic years (N = 2048). Data collection was made through surveys by distributing online questionnaires, including the Gratitude Questionnaire-6, the Short Muslim Belief and Practice Scale, and the WEMWBS Scale. Data analysis was performed using multiple regression and a moderation test. The results show an influence of gratitude (β = .928, p < .01) and religiosity (β = .371 p < .01) on well-being. Religiosity is demonstrated to moderate the relationship between gratitude and well-being (F = 251.656, p < .01). The study has empirical implications in the form of the theory that career achievement and well-being orientation for new students will face various problems, but can be helped by introducing self-protective factors in the form of well-being, religiosity, and gratitude
Examining social support, spirituality, gratitude, and their associations with happiness through self-acceptance
Get PDFHappiness is something that every individual yearns for, so an understanding of the factors that influence it is needed. This study aims to test the influence model of social support, spirituality, and gratitude on happiness through self-acceptance. Data collection using the scale of social support, spirituality, gratitude, self-acceptance, and happiness, with a sample of 790 Indonesian students. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. The structural model showed acceptable goodness of fit. Self-acceptance was demonstrated to significantly serve as a mediating variable in social support, spirituality, and gratitude in relation to happiness. In addition, social support (β = .112, p < .01), gratitude (β = .256, p < .01), spirituality (β = .431, p < .01), and self-acceptance (β = .364, p < .01) had significant positive relationships with happiness. The study has important implications globally for characteristics such as the sample used, especially with regard to the self-acceptance and happiness of university students
The role of basic psychological need satisfaction as a mediator between friendship quality and life satisfaction
Get PDFFriendship quality plays an essential role for adolescents in achieving optimal life satisfaction. However, previous studies have failed to explain friendship quality and life satisfaction fully. This study examines the role of basic psychological need satisfaction in the relationship between friendship quality and life satisfaction. A total of 450 respondents consisting of three groups of 150 early, middle, and late adolescents participated in this study. Data were collected using quota and convenience sampling methods. Friendship quality, basic psychological need satisfaction, and life satisfaction were measured using the McGill Friendship Questionnaire–Friend's Functions, Sub-scale Satisfaction of the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale, and the Indonesian version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The hypothesis was tested using regression analysis and SOBEL macro for SPSS. The results show that basic psychological need satisfaction acts as a full mediator between friendship quality and life satisfaction (indirect effect = .330, z = 8.383, p < .05). In addition, the satisfaction of the need for autonomy, competence, and relatedness can also be a full mediator between friendship quality and life satisfaction. This finding can be an alternative in explaining this relationship between friendship quality and life satisfaction. In addition, the findings can also be used to develop mental health programs for adolescents
Forgiveness, gratitude, and the flourishing of emerging adults with divorced parents
Get PDFParental divorce affects the ability of individuals to flourish. This study aims to determine the relationship between forgiveness and gratitude and the flourishing of emerging adults whose parents have divorced. Voluntary convenience sampling was used to identify respondents (N = 429 emerging adults whose parents had been divorced for at least two years). Data were collected using the Emotional Forgiveness Scale, the Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form, and the PERMA Profiler. Data analysis was performed using multiple regression analysis. The results show that forgiveness and gratitude were significantly associated with flourishing in emerging adults whose parents divorced (R2 = .382, F = 131.634, p < .05). The contribution of gratitude (β = 1.299) to flourishing was greater than that of forgiveness (β = .722). Forgiveness and gratitude can predict flourishing in emerging adults whose parents are divorced, in this case, the role of gratitude is greater than forgiveness. Interventions that combine the basis of forgiveness and gratitude can be used to optimize the flourishing of such emerging adults whose parents are divorced
The experiences of gratitude in female ulama: An interpretation from Sufi psychology and PERMA-Model perspective
Get PDFAmidst the social-cultural predominance of male ulama in the religious context, female ulama play important roles and yet are often trapped in life-role complexity and gender bias, as they have a responsibility in both the domestic and public domains. This study aims to explore the meaning of the experience of gratitude among female ulama based on the perspective of positive psychology, with reference to the PERMA (Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationship, Meaning, and Accomplishment) model, with further interpretation of gratitude (shukr) from Sufi psychology. Using a qualitative (phenomenological) approach, we held online in-depth interviews with five female ulama participants from across Indonesia and Germany. The research demonstrates the interconnection between themes related to gratitude according to PERMA-Model and the embodiment of gratitude (shukr) in Sufi psychology. These findings provide evidence to support the practical implication of the integrative intervention of positive and Sufi psychology for clinical purposes or to promote flourishing and well-being among women
Drum rhythm therapy: An intervention to stimulate the cognitive abilities of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Get PDFChildren with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face obstacles in their cognitive development. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the drum rhythm therapy model in stimulating cognitive abilities (attention, concentration, and short-term memory) in children with ASD. The experiment method was used with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Attention and concentration levels were measured both before and after therapy through a series of observations. A total of 14 children with ASD aged 4–12 participated in the study. All the participants were new students at Gilang Ramadhan Studio Band (GRSB), Surakarta, Indonesia. The drum rhythm therapy was employed with the participants for three months. Data analysis was conducted using Wilcoxon test analysis in SPSS Version 23. Results: The 14 participants showed an increase in attention, concentration and short-term memory scores following the therapy (Z = -2.533b, p = .011, p < .05). The results of the study could support the use of the alternative therapy with ASD children to increase their attention, concentration and short-term memory
Resilience in health workers: The role of social support and calling
Get PDFHealth workers are professionals with high exposure to various types of stress; therefore, they need resilience to survive in their profession. This research aims to test the effect of social support and calling on resilience in health workers. It is a quantitative-correlational study conducted cross-sectionally. The instruments used were the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Multidimensional Support Scale, and Calling Scale. Snowball sampling was used to identify participants, consisting of 113 health workers in East Nusa Tenggara province, Indonesia. The data were analyzed with multiple linear regression techniques. Significant effects of social support and calling were found on resilience (p < .01, F = 34.224), with calling shown to have more significant impact (p < .01, F = 60.685) and 35.3% effective contribution. Amongst the types of social support, coworkers make the most significant contribution of 11.8% (p < .01, F = 14.816), followed by family members at 9.6% (p < .01, F = 11.752). On the other hand, social support from supervisors does not affect resilience (p > .05, F = 0.904). Health workers should seek the social support they need proactively, and prospective health workers should consider their calling when choosing a career
Pay it forward: Can perceived behavioral control to pass on scholarship aid be predicted by various narcissism?
Get PDFOne way of making scholarships sustainable is to continue the “chain of kindness.” However, relatively few studies have examined the psychological predictors involved in making a scholarship recipient feel that “pay it forward” is under their control. This study aimed to determine the predictions of four types of narcissism on Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) in continuing scholarship. The instruments used comprised psychological scales measuring PBC, which were constructed by the authors, and some types of narcissism, i.e. the Communal Narcissism Inventory (CNI), Brief-Pathological Narcissism Inventory (B-PNI), and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory-16 (NPI). Data were obtained by convenience sampling from 212 Indonesian scholarship recipients and analyzed with multiple linear regression (predictive correlational design). The results showed that the regression model had statistical significance (F(4, 211)= 15.452, p = .000, R2 = 23%). A notable result was that communal narcissism predicted PBC in a positive direction. Narcissism often has negative connotations; however, the results contribute by showing that there is also a “bright side” of narcissism