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TOKSISITAS AKUT SERBUK CACING TANAH (Pheretima javanica K.) KERING MELALUI PENGAMATAN FAAL GINJAL TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus)
Full text linkAbstract: Utilization of earthworms (Pheretima javanica K.) other than as a soil fertilizing organism is an alternative treatment for typhoid fever as a traditional medicine and provided in the form of whole powder. This study was conducted to determine the toxicity effects of earthworm powder on kidneys in white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Total of 50 white rats were divided into five groups consisting of negative control (2 ml CMC Na 1%), group P1 0,4 grams, group P2 0,8 grams, P3 group 1.6 grams, and P4 group 3.2 grams of dry earthworm powder. White mice were then acclimated for approximately one week and induced with dry earthworm powder orally. The study was conducted for 14 days to see the description of the toxic effects caused. The results of data analysis using ANOVA showed that each dose of dry earthworm powder had no effect on kidney function of white rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Keywords: Pheretima javanica K.; Rattus norvegicus; kidney functio
Diagnosa Penyakit Akibat Jamur pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa) di Sawah Penduduk Kecamatan Sungai Kakap, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat
Full text linkSalah satu penyakit yang biasanya menyerang tanaman padi di Kecamatan Sungai Kakap Kabupaten Kubu Raya yaitu penyakit yang disebabkan oleh jamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiagnosa penyakit yang disebabkan oleh jamur pada tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa) di sawah penduduk Kecamatan Sungai Kakap, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat. Sampel diambil di lahan persawahan milik petani yang merupakan masyarakat di Sungai Kakap, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat. Diagnosa penyakit disebabkan oleh jamur dilakukan dengan cara memotong beberapa helai daun padi yang terserang penyakit dan telah ditumbuhi miselium jamur. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan ditemukan adanya penyakit layu daun yang diduga disebabkan oleh jamur anggota spesies Fusarium sp., penyakit hawar daun yang diduga disebabkan oleh jamur anggota spesies Helminthosporium sp., penyakit hawar pelepah daun yang diduga disebabkan oleh jamur anggota spesies Rizhoctonia sp., dan penyakit bercak daun coklat sempit yang diduga disebabkan oleh jamur anggota spesies Cercospora oryzae.
Kata Kunci: Penyakit, Jamur, Padi, Sungai Kakap, Kubu Ray
TOKSISITAS GRANULA EKSTRAK BUAH JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia L.) TERHADAP MORTALITAS BERUDU (Phyrinoidis aspera)
Full text linkAbstract: Granules extract of clime fruit (Citrus aurantifolia L.) is a biolarvasida in eradicating Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae L. Granules extract of lime fruit (Citrus aurantifolia L.) can kill mosquito larvae because its content of limonoida, tannin, flavonoid, and volatile oil. The compound is lethal to the larvae which will enter the body of the larvae of the Aedes aegypti L. mosquito which disrupts the systems in its body. The purpose of this article is to determine the safety of lime fruit (Citrus aurantifolia L.) extract granules on non-target animals, namely tadpoles. Tadpole has the same habitat with mosquito larvae so it is done safety test of citrus fruit extract granule (Citrus aurantifolia L.). Tadpole is a larval phase in Amphibi that continues to experience morphological development in water. The initial phase of tadpoles growth is a phase of adaptation to its habitat. Individuals who can not adapt well will experience a faster death. The research method used is laboratory experimental. The analysis used is ANOVA. The independent variables in this study were the variety of granules extract concentration of citrus fruit (Citrus aurantifolia L.). Tadpole mortality became the dependent variable in this study. Tadpole mortality is characterized by tadpoles collapsing at the time of administration of granules. The results showed that the lime extract granules (Citrus aurantifolia L.) proved safe.
Keywords: Granules, Mortality, Tadpol
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BERBASIS ADOBE FLASH PADA POKOK BAHASAN SISTEM REPRODUKSI UNTUK KELAS IX MIPA SMA
Full text linkAbstract : The study was aimd to develop a valid, practical, and effective E-Module based on Adobe flash. This research was development research. Data collection techniques used questionnaire analysis, pre-test/post-test, student response questionnaire, and validation from the experts. The design of the research is development E-module based on Adobe Flash media using a 4-D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) that developed by Thiagarajan (1974). The results indicated that the level of validity of developed E-Module based on Adobe Flash was 82.54%, 83.89% , 79.58%, based on experts of subject, media and media development respectively, while developed media validity according to teacher as user was 88,93%, practical was 91,11%, effective was 0,72.
Keywords : E-Module, Adobe flash 4-
PENGARUH MIKORIZA +MHB TERHADAP SERAPAN FOSFAT DAN DERAJAT INFEKSI AKAR BIBIT KOPI ARABIKA (Coffea arabica L.)
Full text linkAbstract: Giving mycorrhizae to increase phosphate uptake to arabica coffee seedlings. This research is laboratory experimental. The study was conductes for eight weeks. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of mycorrhiza +MHB on phosphate uptake and degree of root infection of coffee seeds. This research used Complete Random Design (RAL) with four levels of 0 g (m0), 5 g (m1) 10 g (m2), 15 g (m3). The data obtained were analyzed using Anova and LSD advanced test. From the results of this study can be concluded that giving mycorrhiza +MHB significantly influence on phosphate uptake and degree of root infection of arabica coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica L.) Treatment with 15 g of mycorrhiza +MHB showed the best results on phosphate uptake and degree of root infection with other treatment.
Keywords: Coffea arabica L., phosphate uptake, mycorrhiza, MHB
KEKAYAAN JENIS TUMBUHAN LIANA DI KAWASAN TAMAN HUTAN RAYA RADEN SOERJO SUB WILAYAH MOJOKERTO
Full text linkAbstract: Raden Soerjo Gran Forest Park is a conservation area or called a conservation forest that used to collect plants and animals. The plants and the animals in there used as a research material by experts and students. This research was conducted in Raden Soerjo Gran Forest Park Sub Mojokerto Region, precisely at along the road to the Watu Ondo Waterfall. One of the species plants that exist in there is Liana. Liana is a species plant that requires other higher plants to get sunlight to growth. Liana is an important and distinctive component of tropical forests. The purpose of this research is to know the diversity of liana species in Raden Soerjo Gran Forest Park. Data retrieval is done by using explored method. The results of this research have been found 24 species of plants belong to 15 families, which is Piperaceae, Rubiaceae, Rosaceae, Moraceae, Smilacaceae, Arecaceae, Vitaceae, Fabaceae, Araceae, Apocynaceae, Menispermaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Urticaceae, Convolvulaceae, and Commelinaceae.
Keywords: Angiosperm, Diversity of Species, Lian
PERBEDAAN TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle L.) DENGAN EKSTRAK BIJI SRIKAYA (Annona squamosa L.) TERHADAP LARVA NYAMUK Aedes aegypti L.
Full text linkDengue Fever is a public health problem that is more widespread endemic area for morbidity is high enough into something that must be addressed immediately.The way to solve this desease chemically can make this mosquito becomes resistant. To solve this problem, it needs to find an alternative way in which it can be a natural insecticide that is safe like compounds that comes from Piper betle leaves and Annona squamosa seed. The active compounds of Piper betle leaves that are mixed with the active compounds of Annona squamosa seeds can be used as bioinsecticide. Piper betle leaves contain the active compounds of saponin, alkaloid, flavonoid and tannin, while Annona squamosa seeds contain theactive compounds of annonacin, squamocin, asimisin and alkaloid. This research aimsed to investigate the toxicity of themixture of the Piper betle leaves extract and Annona squamosa seeds againet Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae and tocompare the toxicity of the extract mixture and single extract. The method of this research used complete random design bythree repetitions. The concentratios used were 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 ppm for Piper betle leaves extract and 5, 10, 50, 70 and 100 ppm for Annona squamosa seeds extract with aquades asthe control. The data were analyzed by using probit analysis to determine the LC50. The LC50 score of the Piper betle leaves extract was 910,38 ppm and the LC50 of the Annona squamosa seeds extract was 20,62 ppm. This result showed that toxicity of Piper betle leaves extract with different Annona squamosa seeds which was toxicity is higher than the toxicity of Piper betle leaves extract
ISOLASI BAKTERI ASAL SALURAN PENCERNAAN RAYAP PEKERJA (Macrotermes spp.)
Full text linkRayap merupakan salah satu makroinvertebrata yang paling melimpah dan memainkan peran yang penting dalam ekologi di ekosistem tropis. Rayap mampu mendegradasi selulosa karena pada saluran pencernaannya terdapat mikroorganisme simbion seperti bakteri dan protozoa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi bakteri endofit yang bersimbiosis dengan rayap, kemudian dilakukan karakterisasi morfologi, fisiologi dan biokimia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksploratif. Rayap yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan rayap pekerja (Macrotermes spp.) yang diambil dari tanah. Isolasi dilakukan melalui dua cara yaitu tusuk dan gerus. Isolat tunggal yang diperoleh kemudian diinokulasikan pada media agar miring TSA untuk dilakukan uji fisiologis berupa uji indol, MR-VP, simmon sitrat, urease, fermentasi, katalase, oksidase, TSIA. Hasil isolasi diperoleh dua isolat yaitu isolat a dan isolat b. Isolat a berwarna putih dengan bintik hitam di tengah, berbentuk sirkular dengan tepi periferal, tepi luar koloni entire tegas dan nyata dengan elevasi rata sedangkan isolate b berwarna putih dengan bintik hitam di tengah, berbentuk sirkular dengan tepi periferal, tepi luar koloni undulate bergelombang dengan elevasi cembung. Hasil uji biokimia dan fisiologi isolat a uji indol negatif, MR negatif, VP negatif, simmon sitrat positif, urease positif, fermentasi positif, katalase positif, oksidase negatif, TSIA negatif sedangkan untuk isolat b uji indol negatif, MR positif, VP negatif, simmon sitrat negatif, urease positif, fermentasi positif, katalase positif, oksidase negatif, TSIA negatif
PENERAPAN TUGAS PETA KONSEP DALAM PROJECT-BASED LEARNING (PJBL) UNTUK MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI UMM DI MATA KULIAH SUMBER BELAJAR DAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN
Full text linkPenerapan tugas peta konsep pada Project-Based Learning (PjBL) perlu diterapkan pada Mata kuliah sumber belajar dan media pembelajaran (SBMP) karena MK SBMP mempunyai tujuan akhir agar mahasiswa dapat ‘memahami’ dan ‘membuat’ produk pembelajaran. Hasil observasi mendukung karena mahasiswa cenderung lebih aktif belajar ketika dihadapkan pada permasalahan dan kerja kelompok. Penerapan tugas peta konsep pada PjBL diharapkan dapat meningkatkan rerata pemahaman konsep, motivasi, dan ketrampilan membuat produk. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) ini dilaksanakan sebanyak tiga siklus, enam kali pertemuan secara Lesson Study (LS) di kelas C Pendidikan Biologi UMM tahun 2013. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan rerata dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan tugas peta konsep dalam PjBL meningkatkan rerata pemahaman kognitif mahasiswa sebesar 2,12% dari siklus I ke siklus III. Rerata motivasi meningkat sebesar 1,8% dari siklus I ke siklus III. Rerata nilai ketrampilan membuat produk meningkat sebesar 1,82% dari siklus I ke siklus II, meski mengalami penurunan 0,5% dari siklus II ke siklus III
STRUKTUR ANATOMI BATANG ULIN (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binnend) VARIETAS TANDO DAN TEMBAGA DI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan struktur anatomi batang ulin varietas tando dan tembaga yang terdapat di Kalimantan Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persamaan anatomi batang ulin varietas tando dan tembaga adalah mempunyai sel minyak pada batang, susunan pembuluh bertipe kolateral, penyebaran pori adalah pancar dengan tipe soliter, berganda radial dan penyebaran parenkim apotrakea (sebar) dan paratrakea (aliform dan konfluen). Perbedaan secara anatomi antara batang varietas tando dan tembaga adalah varietas tando memiliki pori berganda radial 2-5 sel dan tipe berkelompok, penyebaran parenkim apotrakea bertipe pita; varietas tembaga memiliki pori berganda radial 2-3 sel; jari-jari empulur varietas tando bertipe heteroseluler, varietas tembaga bertipe homoseluler. Rerata panjang serat, diameter lumen dan ketebalan dinding serat varietas tando berturut-turut adalah 1647,40 µm, 11,90 µm dan 11,70 µm, sedangkan rerata panjang serat, diameter lumen dan ketebalan dinding serat varietas tembaga berturut-turut adalah 1598,20 µm, 15,20 µm dan 11,20 µm