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A reference model for urban data governance and its design principles
Get PDFSmart cities are data factories, generating a huge amount of heterogeneous data in a complex network with many actors. Yet municipalities struggle to properly manage urban data to maximize data utilization in smart city services delivered to their citizens. Data governance is a concept that helps manage the city's data assets properly. However, cities face difficulties in implementing data governance because of a lack of guidance from academia and practitioners tailored to cities' needs. This paper presents an urban data governance reference model created in line with the design science research paradigm. The reference model presents the design principles of urban data governance within eight dimensions, synthesized from expert interviews with 27 European Union cities and a literature review
Integration models for SDC-capable medical devices into an existing OR network : a case study for a high-frequency surgical device
Get PDFThe interconnection of medical devices in an operating room (OR) represents a major step in optimizing clinical processes and increasing the quality of treatment. The IEEE 11073 Service-oriented Device Connectivity (SDC) standard family constitutes the foundation for manufacturerindependent information exchange and remote control of medical devices. However, integrating new SDC-capable devices into an existing OR network poses a major challenge for medical device manufacturers. Thus, suitable integration models are required. This work focuses on the definition of three possible integration models and their comparison according to architectural design patterns. Thereby, the use case of integrating a high-frequency (HF) surgical device to interconnect with existing SDC-capable devices is pursued. One of the models, which focuses on high expandability and low coupling, was successfully applied to interconnect an HF surgical device with an OR light in the research OR of Reutlingen University. The results indicate transferability to other integration scenarios and are intended to further promote manufacturer-independent integrated ORs
Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement im Sport
No full textNachhaltige Entwicklung ist eine Entwicklung, die den Bedürfnissen der heutigen Generation entspricht, ohne die Möglichkeiten künftiger Generationen zu gefährden, ihre eigenen Bedürfnisse zu befriedigen. Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement als unternehmerische und gesamtgesellschaftliche Aufgabe hat längst den Sport- und Kulturbereich erreicht. Sportvereine, Verbände und Kultureinrichtungen sind nicht nur gefordert, nachhaltigere Events zu schaffen, sie müssen auch als Gesamtorganisation nachhaltiger wirken
Safety classes semantic costmaps from RGBD sensors for risk-aware robot navigation
No full textFor collision and obstacle avoidance in path planning, robots usually rely on basic 2D cost maps lacking semantic information about detected obstacles. As a result, the robot’s path planning follows an arbitrarily large safety margin around obstacles.We present a risk-aware 2D cost map for robot navigation that effectively mitigates potential risks, enabling the robot to navigate more confidently and efficiently while maintaining a safe distance from obstacles. It uses commonly available RGBD sensors, making it a practical and accessible option for many applications.Our approach employs a CNN to segment object instances into three distinct safety classes based on common characteristics. Using the abstract representation, we generate semantic occupancy grids, which are then inflated based on their safety classification. These semantic occupancy grids are merged into a final risk-aware 2D cost map. We provide feasible real world results.A robot’s path planner can use the merged cost map as a drop-in replacement for standard 2D cost map, enhancing established robot navigation algorithms based on cost maps without altering their fundamental algorithms and enabling risk-aware navigation in the real world
Speeding up CNC tool manufacturing: implementing explainable AI for setup time reduction and production agility
Get PDFLong setup times in CNC tool production significantly hinder operational efficiency, characterized by reduced machine utilization, increased planning efforts, and subsequent delivery delays and production bottlenecks. These inefficiencies not only escalate production costs but also tie up capital, compromise order flexibility, augment storage expenses, and prevent the capitalization on market opportunities. This paper explores the application of explainable AI to analyze process data within CNC setups, aiming to identify and elucidate patterns that contribute to prolonged setup durations. By implementing AI models with explanation methods, this research transparently highlights critical improvement points, facilitating targeted interventions to enhance production agility. The outcome is a dual advantage of reducing setup times and operational costs, thereby speeding up overall manufacturing processes. This approach emphasizes innovative manufacturing systems and provides practical insights on using artificial intelligence to enhance efficiency in CNC tool production
The need for a contextualized business model in African markets
No full textThis chapter provides an overview of what a business model is, what concepts are used in practice, and when to adapt or innovate your business model. A business model is a holistic view of a company’s business approach, covering all aspects of value generation along the value chain. There are internal and external factors that require business model innovation. Among the external factors are different business environments and conditions, such as European companies face when entering African markets. Already many innovative business models exist, many of which make use of digital technologies, that work well in the African context. European companies should consider partnering with local firms in African markets and integrating them into their business model
Using Large Language Models to facilitate the utilization of specific application programming interfaces in learning factories
No full textTechnologies related to Industry 4.0, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), find increasing applications in manufacturing systems. However, the technical implementation of IoT-based or AI-based solutions requires interaction and information exchange between the various components of complex information processing systems. Students of interdisciplinary study programs, such as industrial engineering, often possess conceptual yet isolated knowledge of manufacturing systems, IT infrastructure, and information processing without proficiency regarding application programming interface (API) usage. However, APIs are paramount for enabling the interaction of individual components of complex information processing systems. Unfortunately, adapting the general descriptions in API documentation to a student's specific application is often challenging, hindering a comprehensive hands-on learning experience for students training on implementing applications into manufacturing systems of learning factories. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel approach for leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) to facilitate the utilization of APIs for students’ hands-on training on implementing applications and the respective information processing within the context of manufacturing systems and learning factories. The proposed approach comprises an LLM extended using context data specific to the employed test API and enables user interaction via a natural language dialogue-based chat interface
Univie: an app for managing digital health data of refugees
Get PDFThe refugee crisis has reached historic proportions, with more than 82 million people on the run. Access to healthcare is often difficult for them due to a lack of medical records and language barriers. This paper examines a digital medical documentation system for refugees that captures, stores, and translates records. International data protection standards are considered. The contribution consists of designing a system that manages and translates medical data across borders and integrates a prediction model for epidemics in refugee camps
Circular economy in sustainable supply chains : presenting a global perspective on challenges, concepts and cases
No full textThis book comprises a collection of contributions on circular economy in sustainable supply chains. The chapters offer a global perspective on challenges, concepts and implementation cases. The distinguished authors of the chapters, hailing from different locations across the world, bring diverse perspectives and research methods to clarify specific issues related to the integration of circular economy in supply chains across various industries. The contributions are organised into three parts. "Part I: The R-Principles of Circular Economy" features microchapters exploring the foundational principles of the circular economy, encapsulated by the R-principles. "Part II: Theoretical Perspectives of Circular Economy in Global Supply Chains" includes contributions that discuss theoretical issues, providing a robust analytical framework. Finally, "Part III: Practical Implementations of Circular Economy in Global Supply Chains" highlights case studies from various industries and regions, illustrating real-world applications and successes
From silicon valley to silicon savannah: conceptualizing tech hubs in Sub-Saharan Africa
Get PDFTech hubs (THs) and cognate structures are nowadays ubiquitous in the innovation ecosystem of Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. However, the concept of THs is fuzzy due to the lack of a clear and universally accepted definition. This ambiguity is further compounded by the diverse range of organizations that self-identify as hubs, or are categorized as such by others. As a result, research on THs in SSA remained limited. Against the backdrop of established research on the interconnectedness of technology, innovation and entrepreneurship in different organizational forms, this paper is meant to provide fresh insights into the study of THs in SSA. To advance future research, first, it reveals what is special about THs in SSA and how they are related to existing concepts. I particularly argue that they contour a fourth-wave model of incubation. Second, four main categories are unfolded to delineate THs in SSA which is the cornerstone for future research