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Panic consumption under public health emergencies: the mediating role of risk perception
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The primary objective of this study was to examine and explain the public panic consumption model based on the stimulus–organism–response theory, during the peak time period of the COVID-19 pandemic in China.
Subject and methods:
The research data were collected through the questionnaires adapted for the purpose of this survey, which included a total of 408 participants (33% female) from the global population. The stepwise regression analysis has been conducted.
Results:
The results have shown that both physical social networks and online social networks have a significant positive impact on infection risk perception, but the impact of physical social networks has proved to be a better predictor. Infection information obtained from physical social networks affects conformity buying and uncontrolled self-medication if the perceived risk perception is higher. When it comes to the impact of risk perception on conformity buying, health change has a significant negative regulatory effect. In the impact of risk perception on the uncontrolled self-medication, health change has no significant regulatory effect.
Conclusions:
During the recent epidemic states, it is noticeable that public panic consumption has aggravated the difficulty of emergency management. Especially when it comes to the management of medical materials and medicines. In order to tackle this challenge in the future, the trigger mechanisms behind panic consumption are revealed
Transferable situation recognition system for scenario-independent context-aware surgical assistance systems : a proof of concept
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Surgical interventions and the intraoperative environment can vary greatly. A system that reliably recognizes the situation in the operating room should therefore be flexibly applicable to different surgical settings. To achieve this, transferability should be focused during system design and development. In this paper, we demonstrated the feasibility of a transferable, scenario-independent situation recognition system (SRS) by the definition and evaluation based on non-functional requirements.
Methods
Based on a high-level concept for a transferable SRS, a proof of concept implementation was demonstrated using scenarios. The architecture was evaluated with a focus on non-functional requirements of compatibility, maintainability, and portability. Moreover, transferability aspects beyond the requirements, such as the effort to cover new scenarios, were discussed in a subsequent argumentative evaluation.
Results
The evaluation demonstrated the development of an SRS that can be applied to various scenarios. Furthermore, the investigation of the transferability to other settings highlighted the system’s characteristics regarding configurability, interchangeability, and expandability. The components can be optimized step by step to realize a versatile and efficient situation recognition that can be easily adapted to different scenarios.
Conclusion
The prototype provides a framework for scenario-independent situation recognition, suggesting greater applicability and transferability to different surgical settings. For the transfer into clinical routine, the system’s modules need to be evolved, further transferability challenges be addressed, and comprehensive scenarios be integrated
Wirksamkeit von verpflichtenden Büroquoten in hybriden Arbeitsmodellen
No full textHybride Arbeitsmodelle haben sich seit der Corona Pandemie als fester Bestandteil in Unternehmen etabliert. Doch ringen Unternehmen immer noch mit der Ausgestaltung dieser Modelle, insbesondere wenn es um das richtige Maß der örtlichen Flexibilität geht. Mittlerweile setzen beispielsweise zwei Drittel der DAX Unternehmen auf feste Obergrenzen für Homeoffice Tage und erhoffen sich davon positive Einflüsse auf die Kultur, die Zusammenarbeit und nicht zuletzt die Performance der Organisation. In der vorliegenden Arbeit, wurde durch eine repräsentative Mehrebenenstudie untersucht, ob sich diese gewünschten Effekte tatsächlich einstellen. Die vorliegende Studie kommt zu dem Schluss, dass eine fest vorgeschriebene Anzahl von Bürotagen zwar tatsächlich dazu führt, dass Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter etwas mehr im Büro arbeiten, als in Unternehmen ohne solche Quoten, sich jedoch keine positiven Effekte durch besagte Quoten oder diese dadurch herbeigeführte Mehranwesenheit einstellen. Bei verschiedenen Ausprägungen beispielsweise der Bindung der Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter lassen sich sogar negative Auswirkungen in den Unternehmen mit Quote feststellen.
In vielen Unternehmen gibt es insbesondere bei der Neugestaltung von Betriebsvereinbarungen aber auch bei Führungswechseln in der Personalleitung oder der Geschäftsführung zu teils heftigen und kontroversen Diskussionen, um die Ausgestaltung der Regelungen zum mobilen Arbeiten. Hierbei werden argumentativ mit einer erhöhten Präsenz im Unternehmen viele Vorteile assoziiert. Diese positiven Zuschreibungen können in dieser Form in dieser Forschungsarbeit nicht nachgewiesen werden und Unternehmen sollten sich bei der Ausgestaltung ihrer hybriden Arbeitsmodelle daher nicht ausschließlich auf die Frage der „richtigen“ Anzahl der Bürotage konzentrieren, sondern alle bzw. die relevanten Stellhebel eines guten Arbeitsmodells ganzheitlicher betrachten.Hybrid work models have—since the covid-19 pandemic—become a wide-spread work model for organizations. However many organizations are still struggling to reach a state of stable usage of this models, especially when looking at the dimension of workplace flexibility. In Germany two thirds of DAX companies have implemented a return-to-office policy that mandates a set number of office days (e.g. per week) in the hopes of improving organizational culture, collaboration and last but not least performance. In this study with used a quantitative multi level study to examine if these return-to-office quotas really yield the desired effects. In this study we have to conclude that while return-to-office quotes indeed lead to a slightly higher in person presence in the office, other desired (indirect) effects cannot be confirmed. On the contrary there are rather negative consequences such as a strong decrease in employee engagement associated with these types of policies.
Practical Relevance: Many companies find themselves in a zig-zag course of overhauling return-to-office policies especially associated with a change of top management and/or CHRO roles. These usually lead to controversial discussions within the management team as well as between company leadership and employees. Many of these discussions have strong emotional connotations and all parties are strongly convinced of their point of view, e.g. work-from-home is per se “bad” for the organization, while in person presence at the office as a single measure leads more or less automatically to all kinds of positive change. This leads to a lot of discussions solely revolving around the “right number” of in office days and other—much more influential factors—are completely overlooked
Validation of the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model for biocompatibility analysis of biomaterials in the context of the 3R-cascade: a pilot study
Get PDFBackground/Aim: The present study aimed to compare the tissue responses to biomaterials in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model with those from the subcutaneous implantation model in rats at an early time point. It was especially investigated whether histopathological scoring according to DIN EN ISO 10993-6 is also possible after biomaterial implantation using the CAM model and to what extent the values differ from the data obtained from small animal experiments.
Materials and Methods: Implantation of a xenogeneic bone substitute using the CAM model for 24 h and subcutaneous implantation model in rats up to 10 days post implantation were conducted. Standardized histological and histopathological methods were used to apply for histopathological scoring according to DIN EN ISO 10993-6.
Results: The histological analysis as well as the histo-pathological scoring revealed that the tissue responses to the xenogeneic bone substitute were completely comparable in both organisms with no visible or statistical differences.
Conclusion: We suggest that bioincompatible biomaterials can already be sorted out in the context of THE preclinical in vivo test phase. Such pre-testing before the required small animal tests might clearly contribute to the 3R-concept to reduce the number of animals (REDUCE)
OES: Indikator für nachhaltiges Anlagenmanagement : Nachhaltigkeit von Maschinen und Anlagen in der Produktion systematisch bewerten
Get PDFDas Erreichen von Nachhaltigkeitszielen gewinnt für Fabriken immer mehr an Bedeutung. Für die Umsetzung werden praxisorientierte Messgrößen benötigt, um alle produktionsrelevanten Nachhaltigkeitsaspekte zu berücksichtigen und den Aufwand zu begrenzen. In diesem Beitrag wird die „Overall Equipment Sustainability – OES“ als Kennzahl vorgestellt, die wirtschaftliche, ökologische und soziale Aspekte adressiert und es ermöglicht, Anlagen und Prozesse zu bewerten, zu vergleichen und zu optimieren.Achieving sustainability objectives is becoming increasingly important for factories. Practical metrics are required for implementation while taking all production-relevant sustainability aspects into account and limiting the effort involved. This paper presents the KPI “Overall Equipment Sustainability – OES” that addresses economic, environmental, and social aspects and enables comparing and evaluating production equipment
NVP-HRI: zero shot natural voice and posture-based human–robot interaction via large language model
No full textEffective Human–Robot Interaction (HRI) is crucial for future service robots in aging societies. Existing solutions are biased towards only well-trained objects, creating a gap when dealing with new objects. Currently, HRI systems using predefined gestures or language tokens for pretrained objects pose challenges for all individuals, especially elderly ones. These challenges include difficulties in recalling commands, memorizing hand gestures, and learning new names. This paper introduces NVP-HRI, an intuitive multi-modal HRI paradigm that combines voice commands and deictic posture. NVP-HRI utilizes the Segment Anything Model (SAM) to analyze visual cues and depth data, enabling precise structural object representation. Through a pre-trained SAM network, NVP-HRI allows interaction with new objects via zero-shot prediction, even without prior knowledge. NVP-HRI also integrates with a large language model (LLM) for multimodal commands, coordinating them with object selection and scene distribution in real time for collision-free trajectory solutions. We also regulate the action sequence with the essential control syntax to reduce LLM hallucination risks. The evaluation of diverse real-world tasks using a Universal Robot showcased up to 59.2% efficiency improvement over traditional gesture control, as illustrated in the video https://youtu.be/EbC7al2wiAc Our code and design will be openly available at https://github.com/laiyuzhi/NVP-HRI.gi
Human centred intelligent systems : proceedings of KES-HCIS 2024 Conference. - (Smart innovation, systems and technology ; 414)
No full textThe volume includes papers presented at the International KES Conference on Human Centred Intelligent Systems 2024 (KES HCIS 2024), held in Madeira, Portugal on June 19-21, 2024. This book highlights new trends and challenges in intelligent systems, which play an important part in the digital transformation of many areas of science and practice. It includes papers offering a deeper understanding of the human-centred perspective on artificial intelligence, of intelligent value co-creation, ethics, value-oriented digital models, transparency, and intelligent digital architectures and engineering to support digital services and intelligent systems, the transformation of structures in digital businesses and intelligent systems based on human practices, as well as the study of interaction and the co-adaptation of humans and system
Navigating market saturation : evaluating Netflix’s password-sharing crackdown as a strategy for sustainable growth
No full textThe rise of technology giants has been one of the defining narratives of the 21 st century. FAANG companies achieved unprecedented growth reshaping entire industries. Recent developments in the Artificial Intelligence sector have again leveraged this growth by improving efficiency, providing more personalised services or predicting consumer behaviour. However, the seemingly boundless growth trajectory has faced and will continue to face significant challenges. As markets mature, companies confront the limitations of their dominance. This often happens next to regulatory scrutiny, increasing competition and rapidly changing consumer behaviours, which compound the pressures. These challenges raise a critical question: How can multibillion dollar businesses sustain their growth, protect stakeholder interest and finally remain relevant in a fiercely competitive business landscape? The question will be carefully analysed using Netflix as a Case Study
Kluges Fragen : Über Reflexion in der Organisation
No full text"Jetzt mal Fuß vom Gas, so geht es nicht weiter". Angesichts multipler Krisen, tiefgreifender gesellschaftlicher Umbrüche und einer um sich greifenden Beschleunigung möchten wir in Organisationen gerne den roten Knopf "STOP" drücken. Um innezuhalten, nachzudenken, zu reflektieren: Worum geht es hier wirklich? Warum passiert uns das immer wieder? Und wie können wir das zukünftig anders machen? Handlungsmuster, Dynamiken und Routinen wirken wie ein unsichtbares Band in Organisationen und führen zu immer wieder gleichen Verhaltensweisen. Auf die Schliche kommt man diesen Mustern aber nur, wenn man sein Tun unterbricht und reflektiert. Aber was heißt das und wie wird Reflexion zu einem not wendigen Teil der Organisationsentwicklung
A business capability map for data-value creation
No full textCurrent data-driven transformation projects reveal a gap in understanding the business capabilities (BCs) needed to create value from data. This study introduces a business capability map (BCM) that organizes 34 BCs required for data-value creation. BCs comprise the specification of processes, roles, resources, and information an organization needs to perform its core tasks. The BCM, derived from a structured literature review and expert interviews, was demonstrated by applying it to two data-value projects from a leading German component and system manufacturer. This study contributes to the literature on BCs and facilitates practitioners in developing their BCs for data-value projects