Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala ilmu Kedokteran)
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Practical tips to adopt active lifestyle for university students during pandemic life: a narrative review
No full textThe Covid-19 pandemic worsened the physical inactivity pandemic and also increased sedentary behavior across the population, including university students. While physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are detrimental to health and academic performance, there is an urgent need to help university students to adopt an active lifestyle during post-pandemic life. This narrative review discussed current physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior recommendations, practical tips for adopting an active lifestyle by applying PA doses using the frequency, intensity, time, and type (FITT) principle, and behavioral strategies to adopt and maintain an active lifestyle. Finally, several considerations related to the PA-related musculoskeletal injury and cardiovascular events risks were also discussed with examples from interventions during the pandemic in university settings
Potential role of fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum) in the prevention of skin aging
No full textSkin aging is a process influenced by several factors, including estrogen.Estrogen modulates the physiology of the skin, and its deficiency inpostmenopausal women accelerates skin aging. Administration of estrogencan delay the skin aging process. Phytoestrogens are estrogen-like compoundsderived from plants that administered via oral as well astopical routes.Trigonella foenum-graecum, commonly known as fenugreek, is one plantscontaining phytoestrogens. Several studies have been conducted on thephytoestregonic activity of fenugreek. Fenugreek extract exhibits estrogenicactivity, as observed in the study of mouse and rat reproductive organs.Fenugreek exhibits estrogenic activity in the reproductive organs of a rat, aswell as demonstrates positive effects on the skin by topical administration.This review explored the fenugreek as the source of phytoestrogens and itsrole in delaying skin aging
Hirschsprung’s disease: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment in a retrospective hospital-based study
No full textHirschsprung’s disease (HD), or congenital megacolon, is a disease characterizedby the absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric (Auerbach’s) and submucosal(Meissner’s) plexuses of the intestine, causing maximum obstruction inneonates. The purpose of this study was to investigate patient characteristics,clinical presentation, investigations, surgical treatment, and outcome. Thisstudy is a retrospective study of HD cases. Data obtained from medical recordsat the institution. Of the 109 with a positive rectal biopsy diagnosis, 91 werepatients with this disease. There were more cases in boys than girls with aratio of 1.37: 1. The patients were grouped into 4 age groups: neonates 29 cases(26.61%); infants/toddlers/young children 55 cases (50.46%); children over 5years16 cases (14.69%); and teenagers 9 cases (8.24%). The neonates generallypresented with abdominal distension, green vomiting, and a history of delayedmeconium release, while the toddler, child, and adolescent groups experiencedconstipation and abdominal distension. Furthermore, from 37 patients (33.94%)that got barium enema examination, the most common transition zone wasobserved in the rectosigmoid (17 patients, or 45.9%). In addition, The Duhamelprocedure was the most frequent pull-through procedure found in our cohortwhich was performed in 40 patients (36.70%). In conclusion, HD is mostly foundin male infants/toddlers/young children with abdominal distention and chronicconstipation as common symptoms. The barium enema shows the rectosigmoidas the most common transition zone, while the Duhamel pull-through procedureis the primary definitive operative action performed
Comparison between plasma lactate and lactate clearance with the impact of acute phase complication in burn injury patient
No full textSevere burn can cause rapid loss of intravascular volume with resultant adecrease in peripheral blood flow which reduces tissue oxygen transport and inturn, increases plasma lactate. Plasma lactate and lactate clearance are usefulparameters to compare complicated and uncomplicated burn patients in theacute phase. The study aimed to evaluate the initial and 24-h plasma lactatelevels as well as lactate clearance as useful parameters to assess acute phasecomplications of burn patients. This was a cross-sectional study involving35 burn patients who admitted at Abdul Wahab Sjahranie District Hospital,Samarinda during the period of September 2018 to September 2019. Thestudy was immediately begun after admission of the patients. Plasma lactatelevels were measured at admission and24-h after the first measurement. Theacute phase complication was assessed 72 h after burns from the laboratoryparameter. Fisher’s exact test and t test using SPSS software version 24wereapplied for statistical analysis. The 24-h plasma lactate level (p= 0.001) andplasma lactate clearance (p = 0.002) were significantly correlated with theoccurrence of acute phase complications of burns. However, the initial plasmalactate level was not significantly correlated (p = 0.609). In conclusion, there isa significantly correlation between 24-h plasma lactate level and plasma lactateclearance are with the occurrence of acute phase complications of burns
Correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression with histopathological findings in osteosarcoma
No full textVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression is associated with malignancy progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis in many malignancies, including osteosarcoma. However, studies concerning correlations between VEGF expression and histopathological prognostic factors ofosteosarcoma are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the correlations between VEGF expression and histopathological findings in osteosarcoma’spatients.This was a cross-sectional study using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples of 32 osteosarcoma’s patients from Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. Histopathological findings of specimens were re-evaluated by two independent observers, recorded for the subtypes, invasiveness, grading, mitotic counts, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). Expression of VEGF was determined based on immunostaining and evaluated using immunoreactivity score (IRS).Chi-square and Spearman correlation test were used to analyze the association between variables. Range of VEGF expression score was 0 to 11, with mean 5.09. Significant negative correlation between the VEGF expression and TIL was observed (p=0.046). However, there was no significant correlations between the VEGF expression and osteosarcomas subtypes, invasion, grading or mitotic counts (p> 0.05). In conclusion, the VEGF expression is associated with TIL. Further study is needed to evaluate the roles of VEGF and lymphocytes in osteosarcoma development dan progression in order to better understand of the role of VEGF in immunotherapy of osteosarcoma
The management of childhood drowning in a tertiary hospital in Indonesia: a case report
No full textThe World Health Organization (WHO) stated that drowning becomes the third leading cause of death from unintentional injury. Furthermore it was reported more than 372,000 cases of death annually among children due to drowning accident. Inappropriate of resuscitation attempt, delay in early management, inappropriate monitoring and evaluation lead to drowning complications riks even death. However, studies concerning the management of childhood drowning in Indonesia is limited. Here, we reported a case of childhood drowning in Sanglah General Hospital in Denpasar, Bali. An 8 years old girl arrived at the hospital with deterioration of consciousness after found drowning in the swimming pool. The management of the case was performed according to the recent literature guidelines. The first attempt was performed by resuscitation, followed by pharmacological interventions using corticosteroids, non-invasive ventilation and series of laboratory examination. With regular follow up, patient showed good recovery and prognosis
Prostate cancer profile in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta: 5th years study
No full textIn Indonesia, there are no definite data, but Globocan shows prostate cancerin 5th place in Indonesia in 2018. The aim of this study is to provide inupdating database of prostate cancer profile in tertiary hospital in Indonesia.Retrospectively investigated 90 prostate cancer patients at the Sardjito GeneralHospital Yogyakarta were under follow-up treatment from 2015 to 2020. Themedical record was reviewed to find data for the patient’s age, gender, prostatevolume, PSA total, testosterone level, hydronephrosis, method of diagnosis,histopathology results, Gleason Scores, ISUP Grade, and Staging TNM. Froma total 90 subjects, showed an average age of 67 years (SD=10.4). The level ofprostate volume (TAUS), most subjects were >30 cm3 with 73 subjects (81.4%).Of the total subjects, the median of total PSA value for diagnosis is 234.4 (94.4– 1720.3) ng/mL with the median of total testosterone value at diagnosis is 317(10 - 384) ng/dL. An equal between biopsy and TURP were used in method ofdiagnosis and histologic finding consisting of Adenocarcinoma were found in88 subjects (97.8%) with Gleason score > 7 in 69 subject (69.6%) and ISUP Grade5 in 59 subject (65.6%). The staging T1c was found in 43 subjects (47.8%) andM staging with metastasis stage was found in 55 subjects (61.1%). In contrastwith developed country, this study shows that most Indonesian prostate cancerpatients are diagnosed in metastatic stage with higher PSA level and ISUP grade.Further encouragement in prostate cancer screening for men with symptomsor risk factor should be considered to find more cases in lower stages for betterprognosis and survival rate
Prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among obese adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
No full textObesity and overweight are considerable health problems with increasing prevalence among adolescents. In Indonesia, basic health research data from Riskesdas shows an increase in the prevalence of obesity in adolescents aged 13-15 y.o, from 2.6% in 2010 to 6.7% in 2013. This high prevalence of overweightand obesity is related to various factors. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with hypertension and obesity in adolescents. This study was conducted on an overweight population, obese, and super-obese adolescents aged 13-15 year in the Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. Demographic data included the history of breastfeeding, birth weight, gender, history of premature birth, lifestyle, and physical activity were gathered. Anthropometric data included the weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were also measured and gathered. Hypertension was measured using a manual sphygmomanometer. The relationship was analyzed using Pearson chi-squareand the risk value was demonstrated from the odds ratio (OR). A significant relationship between gender and diastolic hypertension was observed (OR= 2.4; 95%CI = 1.23 – 5.09; p 0.05). in conclusion, there is a relationship between gender and diastolic hypertension incidence among obese adolescents. Boys are more at risk of obesity compared to girls
Excellent response of rituximab and bendamustine in elderly patient with relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a case report
No full textRituximab in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine,and prednisone (R-CHOP) is currently the most widely used first-line therapyfor aggressive B-cell lymphomas. However, many patients, including thosewith organ dysfunction, may not tolerate the toxicities associated with thisregimen. Recent data from the phase III study group indolent lymphomas(StiL) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)-1 trial suggested that bendamustine plusrituximab were superior in effectiveness and tolerability compared to R-CHOPin the treatment of indolent and mantle cell lymphomas. Preliminary studyhas indicated the effective use of bendamustine alone or in combination inthe treatment of aggressive B-cell lymphomas as well. A 70-year-old malewith heavily treated relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) showedcomplete remission (CR) after receiving 8 cycles of rituximab in combinationwith bendamustine as 3rd line treatment. Bendamustine has demonstratedconsiderable efficacy and well-tolerated therapy in relapsed DLBCL patients.Our case report demonstrated that treating patients with bendamustinebasedregimen, even in the setting of organ impairment and elderly is safeand effective. Given the increasing evidence of its effectiveness, furtherinvestigation of bendamustine’s safety and tolerability aspects in specialgroups is recommended such as those with renal impairment
Resistin associated with higher cardiovascular events in intermediate grace score of acute coronary syndrome
No full textPrevious studies revealed that inflammatory biomarkers have a role in the clinical outcomes of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and also in prediction of cardiovascular events using GRACE score. Resistin, a recently identified inflammatory biomarker, also has a role in clinical outcomes of ACS but its role related to GRACE score risk stratification is unknown. Three risk stratifications of ACS based on GRACE scores were used i.e. low, intermediate, and high. Some studies reported that inflammatory biomarkers have a role in cardiovascular events of patients with low risk GRACE scores, but their role in the patients with intermediate risk still needs to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the role of resistin in cardiovascular events of ACS patients with intermediate risk GRACE score. This was an observational study using a cross-sectional design involving sixty-three patients with ACS who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood samples were drawn 24 h after onset. Resistin level was analyzed and classified according to its median values. The cardiovascular event was defined as mortality, ischemic events, acute heart failure or arrhythmia during hospitalization. The result showed that cardiovascular events were significantly higher in patients with resistin levels higher than median i.e. 23.8% compared to those with resistin levels similar or lower than median i.e. 11.1% (OR 3.348, 95%CI: 1.125-10.007 p=0.027). It can be concluded high resistin level is associated with an increase of cardiovascular events of ACS with intermediate risk GRACE score