Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala ilmu Kedokteran)
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The effects of furosemide on kidney damage in acute kidney injury rat models
No full textThe most frequent cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) is ischemia reperfusion injuriesthat causes inflammation. Furosemide is still used in AKI’s therapy. The advantages anddisadvantages of furosemide in AKI remain controversial. The aim of the study was toinvestigate the effect of furosemide on kidney damage in AKI rat models. Twenty-fivemale (2-3 months old) Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups; sham operation(SO, n=5), ischemic-reperfusion (IR, n=5), IR+furosemide 3.6 mg/kgBW (IR+F1,n=5), IR+furosemide 7.2 mg/kgBW (IR+F2, n=5), and IR+furosemide 14.4 mg/kgBW(IR+F3, n=5). Abdominal surgery was performed under ketamine anesthesia to produceischemic reperfusion (IR) by mean of renal artery clamping for 45 min. Urine output,serum creatinine level, tubular injury score, and TLR4 gene expression were examinedto investigate kidney damage. Periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining was measured toexamine kidney tubular injury. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test with significance level of p0.05) creatinine clearance compared to IR (0.009±0.003) while administration of 14.4mg/kgBW furosemide (0.009±0.004) denoted equal creatinine clearance to IR (p>0,05).Kidney tubular injury score of 3.6 mg/kgBW furosemide (2.89±0.13) was lower (p>0.05)than IR (3.26±0.19) whereas 7.2 mg/kgBW and 14.4 mg/kgBW furosemide (3.55±0.26;3.83±0.19) were higher (p0.05) and 14.4 mg/kgBW furosemide (1.63±0.12) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than IR. In conclusion,administration of 3.6 mg/kgBW furosemide reduces kidney damage in AKI rat modelswhile higher dosages (7.2 mg/kgBW and 14.4 mg/kgBW) increase kidney damage
Peppermint oil prevented oxidative stress in experimental animal – induced acute single bout of eccentric exercise (ASBEE): study on blood catalase and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) expression on the muscle cells
No full text Peppermint oil is one of the essential oils with antioxidant activity that can reduce levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). An acute single bout of eccentric exercise (ASBEE) is an acute exercise activity that can lead to increased ROS and cause skeletal muscle injury. This study aimed to assess the effect of peppermint oil in experimental animals induced with ASBEE with the purpose to measure catalase, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) blood and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) expression of skeletal muscle cells. A total of 30 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 20-24 weeks, weighing 160-350 g were divided into six groups i.e. T1 (n =5), T2 (n =4) and T3 (n =5) given peppermint oil orally at different dose of 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg, respectively, one hour before inducing with ASBEE; C0 (n=5) not given peppermint oil and not induced with ASBEE; CA (n=5) not given peppermint oil and induced with ASBEE and CE (n=5) given vitamin E 400 mg/kg one h before induced with ASBEE. ASBEE induction was done by downhill running on a rat treadmill -50 with a load index of 70% VO2 max for 30 min. Twenty four h after induction of ASBEE, blood samples and muscle tissue were taken for examination of catalase, H2O2 and GLUT-4 expression. The results showed increased levels of blood catalase and decreased blood H2O2 levels in groups T1, T2, T3, and CE. The opposite occurred in the group CA. The GLUT-4 expression did not show any significant difference between groups. It was concluded that peppermint oil can improve the condition of oxidative stress caused by ASBEE
The role of Malassezia sp, sebum level and Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL) toward the dandruff severity between hijab and non hijab wearing subjects
No full textDandruff is a common symptom in adolescence, which possibly due to increasing ofMalassezia sp. colonization, sebum level as well as skin hydration. Wearing hijab ispredicted to increase the humidity and sebum level lead to increase the number ofMalassezia sp. and dandruff severity. A case-control study was conducted on 19 femalewith dandruff who wear hijab and 19 female with dandruff who do not wear hijab, agebetween 18 and 27 years old. The dandruff severity was defined clinically using ascoring system (0-100), only subjects with minimum score of 28 will be included in thisstudy. The sebum and trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) levels were measured withSebumeter and Tewameter from Courage Khazaka. The Malassezia sp. was examinedusing microscopic examination of the squama and culture in the Saboraud medium.There were no significant differences found between hijab and non-hijab groups fordandruff severity. No difference found between two groups for sebum level, Malasseziasp. number microscopically, and Malassezia sp. colonization. Only TEWL level in hijabgroup that was found to be higher than non-hijab group. Wearing hijab does not increasethe dandruff severity, sebum level and colonization number of Malassezia sp. Wearinghijab is found to increase the TEWL level
Epidemiological Correlation Between Her-2 Expression With Histological Type and Grade Breast Carcinoma On Oncology Department, Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia
No full textSome woman have breast tumors with higher level of HER-2. HER-2 receptor is is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family which one such gene that can play a role in the development of breast carcinoma. Normally, HER-2 receptors control breast cell grows, divides, and repair breast cell. But in pathologic conditions it make too many copies. The aim of this study was to evaluated the expression of HER-2 in woman breast carcinoma and to compare it with Histological Type and Grade. We Observed 1.395 patients with breast carcinoma. The mean age of the patients was 45.7 (Ranged 23-73 years). In this group the frequency of Her2 positive was higher than other. The incidence of patients above 50 years of age were significancy higher in Her2 positive with 363 (47%). For tumor grading, the highest on G3 with the results 764 (54.7%). G3 got the highest results on Her2 positive with 535. We just divide the type of tumor consist of three parts (ductal, lobular, and other). In tumor type obtained the most data on ductal carcinoma with 878 (63%). The difference did not achieve stastitical significance , when calculated with chi square got results >0.05. From the results can be concluded there is no relationship between Her2 with histological type and grade breast cancer
Effectiveness of Pyridoxin in Reducing Symptoms of Anxiety Pre Menstrual Syndrome in Adolescent
No full textPre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) affects women’s quality of life, social and economic performance. The other study discovered that 23- 31 % of reproductive aged women experience PMS to a degree that affects their daily acivity Symptoms of Pre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) are divided into 4 types, namely type A for Anxiety (Anxiety), type C for Craving (Hungry), type D for Depression and Type H for Hyperhydration (Liquid Stockpiling). Type A is commonly unrecognnized in indonesia. Symptoms of type A consist of anxiety, irritability, labilty and nerves tense. So it is important to know how to reduce the symptoms This study aims to determine the effectiveness of pyridoxin in reducing symptoms of Pre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) and type of symptoms that can be most resolved. There is an effect of using pyridoxine to reduce PMS. It is known from the significance value of t-test that is 0.000. The type of PMS with the highest symptom reduction is in PMS Type A (Anxiety), because pyridoxine can increase stability estrogen and progesterone activity. Anxiety Pre Menstrual Syndrome probably caused by unstable hormone
Effect of rich resistant starch snack on MCP- 1 promoter methylation and triglycerides levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
No full textType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely related to inflammation. One of inflammation marker in T2DM is monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Previous research suggests that MCP-1 promoter methylation correlated significantly with plasma triglycerides levels (TG) in T2DM. Some studies state that TG levels in T2DM can be controlled through consumption of diets containing resistant starch. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high resistant starch snack on MCP-1 promoter methylation and triglycerides levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was a cross-over trial. A total of 19 T2DM subjects have been selected with the criteria of fasting blood glucose levels (GDP)>126 mg/dL, aged 40-60 years, and duration of DM at least 1 year. Subject consume snack as much as 32 g/day with the resistant starch content are 4.25 g for 4 weeks. Data collection and blood retrieval was doing before and after the intervention. The analysis of MCP-1 promoter methylation was performed by methylated specific-PCR (MS-PCR) using DNA samples extracted from mononuclear cells, whereas TG levels analysis performed by the enzymatic colorimetric method (DiaSys Kit) using blood plasma. Statistic analysis was performed by Fisher Exact test for methylation data, paired t-test and unpaired t test for TG levels, and Spearman correlation test for the correlation between variabels (p0.05). Plasma triglyceride levels after intervention decreased, but not significant statistically. The correlation between MCP-1 promoter methylation and plasma triglyceride levels was significant. This study concludes that the giving of rich resistant starch snacks intervention does not affect MCP-1 promoter methylation changes significantly. This intervention can lead to decrease plasma triglyceride levels subjects, but not statistically significant.
Hearing treshold before and after middle ear surgery in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM)
No full textHearing loss is a common symptom in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM),often cause social communication disturbance. Canal wall up tympanoplastyand canal wall down tympanoplasty are surgery procedures for managing thisdisease that no response to convensional treatment. These surgery proceduresshould consider to hearing function impact. The aim of this study was to evaluatethe difference hearing threshold between before and after middle ear surgeryon CSOM patients. It was an historical cohort study conducted from January2015 to December 2016 involving CSOM patients who underwent canal wall uptympanoplasty surgery and canal wall down tympanoplasty in The Otology Division,Departement of Ear, Nose, Throat, Head and Neck Health, Dr. Sardjito GeneralHospital, Yogyakarta. The inclusion criteria included basic data, diagnostics,surgery reports, and audiometry results before and 3 months postoperatively,while the exclusion criteria were not complete medical record data. Total of 64patients with CSOM were involved in this study consisting of 32 patients whounderwent canal wall up tympanoplasty and 32 patients who underwent canal walldown tympanoplasty. Significantly different in the increasing of hearing thresholdbetween before and after canal wall up tympanoplasty surgery compared to thecanal wall down tympanoplasty was observed (p = 0.021). In addition, surgicaltechnique was the main factor affecting postoperative hearing threshold in CSOMpatients (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the increasing of hearing threshold in CSOMpatients underwent canal wall up tympanoplasty surgery is better than those underwentcanal wall down tympanoplasty
Surgical Management for Resistant Gestational Throphoblastic Neoplasia: Yogyakarta Experience
No full textGestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is a highly responsive to chemotherapy, but sometimes can be resistant, or relapse and require salvage chemotherapy with or without surgery. We use descriptive studies with case series to determine prognosis patient GTN with chemotherapy resistant manage with surgical procedure in Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. GTN-resistant chemotherapy patients that undergoing hysterectomy showed significant decreases in hCG levels. Hysterectomy also help us to stop vaginal bleeding. However, complications from continuous bleeding can worsen patient condition. The decision to take a hysterectomy action varies depending on the patient's condition. At the Sardjito hospital, the patient was diagnosed with the fastest hysterectomy within the first 12 hours of treatment due to continuous bleeding, and shortly after 4 years of treatment with 5 different types of chemotherapy
The quality of live of patients’ allegic rhinitis after posterior nasal neurectomy at Dr Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2016
No full textAllergic rhinitis (AR) is disease by incidence and prevalence of high and is expected to rise to load against the economy and lowering the quality of life of patients.with AR involved many factors and an impact of highly significant on the quality of life and affect the economy. The quality of life patients done to assess the effects and result of surgery.Sino nasal outcome test-20 ( snot-20 ) was one of the instruments specific measurement the quality of life of patients AR. 10 patients who surgery action , obtained improving the quality of life based on snot- 20 observed 28 days after done the act of surgery. Rate the SNOT-20 before surgically obtained 37,3 with DS ± 7,87 and 28 days after done surgically obtained rata-rata snot-20 is 6 with DS ± 2,49. The SNOT-20 pre and post action there are different of significant (p = 0,024 )
Utilization of Statins, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, in Ambon District Hospital, Maluku: a retrospective study
No full textNon-infectious diseases, including hypercholesterolemia, are now ranked top 10 inIndonesia. Statins are inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme for biosynthesis ofcholesterol in the liver. Statins have been proven to reduce the risk of death due to CHDand mortality from various reasons. The objective of the study is to know the utilizationof statins in peripheral area of Indonesia. This retrospective study on utilization of statinsprescribed for hypercholesterolemia was taken from medical record year of 2014-2015of a District Hospital – Dr. Haulussy, Ambon, and Maluku. We collected demographicdata, pre- and treated concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG),types and dosages of statins or other lipid-lowering medications given. Student t-testusing was performed to check statistical differences for all cholesterol and TG differencesprior to therapy versus during treatment. Eighty three respondents consisted of 26 men(31.3%) and 57 women (68.7%) with mean age 60 ± 11 years old. The pre-treatment/post-treatment values (mg/dL) of TC: 245.22 ± 51.40/224.97 ± 98.79 (p=0.004);LDL-C: 166.07 ± 45.36/146.00 ± 41.07; HDL-C: 54.52 ± 37.95/43.00 ± 0.00; andTG: 177.36 ± 103.25/121.00 ± 52.87, respectively. Seventy-nine patients (95.2%)were treated with statins. The dosage given were 10 mg (n=19, 22.9%), 20 mg (n=63, 75.9%), and 40 mg (n=1, 1.2%). Twenty-eight patients (33.7%) had no posttreatmentdata of cholesterol, and 31 out of 55 patients (56%) were responders. Allcholesterol levels were decreased, but responder rate was only 56%. Therefore, dosageadjustment and prerequisite cholesterol level during and post-treatment measurementshould be made regularly