Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala ilmu Kedokteran)
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Effect of tagitinin C isolated from Tithonia diversifoli (Hemsley) A Gray on migration activity and TGF-β1 levels on keloid fibroblast
No full textKeloid is the formation of excessive scar tissue characterized by fibroblast hiperproliferations and collagen deposits that are similar with cancer cells. Tagitinin C is proven can inhibit proliferation and deposition of keloids collagen fibroblast. However, the mechanism of action of tagitinin C in migration activities and TGF-β1 levels of keloid fibroblasts has not been proved, yet. This study aimed to investigate the effects of tagitinin C isolated from Tithonia diversifoli (Hemsley) on migration activity and TGF-β1 expression of keloid fibroblast. This was quasi experimental study with post test only controlled group design using keloid fibroblasts isolated from keloid patients. The migration activity were performed by scratch assay and TGF-β1 levels were measured using an ELISA kits. Isolate tagitinin C was more active inhibit fibroblast keloid migration compare to the control groups (p<0.05) after 48 h incubation. TGF-β1 levels after incubation with isolate tagitinin C was lower then control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, isolate tagitinin C can inhibit migration and reduce TGF-β1 levels on keloid fibroblas
Breast reconstruction with autologous tissue following mastectomy: two case reports of a delayed conventional transverse rectus abdominismyocutaneous (TRAM) and latissimus dorsi myocutaneous (LDM) flap surgery
No full textBreast cancer is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of death among females. Most women with breast cancer will undergo breast-conserving surgery (BCS) or lumpectomy, simple or total mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy or bilateral mastectomy. Breast reconstruction solves many of the problems. The goal is to return the patient to a near-normal state so that she is not handicapped in her daily living. Breast reconstruction is also intended to offer psychological benefits to women treated by mastectomy following a diagnosis of possibly terminal cancer. In these case reports, we reported two successful cosmetic reconstruction cases. The first case was a 39-years-old female with non-recurrent breast cancer consulted and was referred by the oncology surgeon to the Plastic Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. She wanted to undergo breast reconstruction. We planned to operate three years following mastectomy. She was diagnosed with 3B-stage of right breast cancer before. After the surgery, the patient received six series of chemotherapy. She also underwent radiotherapy 25 times and hormonal therapy. We decided to perform a transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap surgery on her with 22 months follow up. The procedure provided good results, and the patient was satisfied. The second case was a 32-year-old woman who after excision of a phyllodes tumor and wanted breast reconstruction. Reconstruction was performed four years after tumor removal using latissimus dorsi myocutaneous (LDM) flap. The surgery provided good results, and the patient was satisfied. We reported two successful cosmetic reconstruction cases of non-recurrent 3B-stage of right breast cancer post-mastectomy after pedicled TRAM flap surgery and left breast post excision of phyllodes tumor after LDM flap surgery
Assessment of the normal anal position index (API) of Indonesian neonates
No full textThe existing anal position index (API) data appear to vary among the ethnic differences.Until now, however, the normal API has not been studied in Indonesia. This study aimedto determine the normal value of the API in Indonesian newborns This cross-sectionalstudy was conducted on 62 neonates (29 males and 33 females) without any malformationat Pediatric Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital,Yogyakarta during the period September to October 2012. The position of the anus wasnumerically defined by the API, which is the ratio of anus-fourchette distance in females and anus-scrotum distance in males to the distance between coccyx and fourchette/scrotum. To make correct measurements, transparent adhesive tape was used longitudinally on midperinum in a way that it covered the anus. Then fourchette/scrotum, anus center and the lower margin of coccyx were marked on it. Distances marked on each tape were then measured with the standard ruler. Relationship between API and other parameters were analyzed. The API values were 0.46±0.05 (95% CI: 0.44–0.48) for newborn males and 0.37±0.07 (95% CI: 0.35–0.39) for newborn females. The difference of API between males and females was significant (p = 0.000). API had no significant correlation with gestational age (p = 0.350) and birth weight (p = 0.650). Our data suggested the API, which is sex dependent, provides a reliable parameter for determining the position of the anus. API has no correlation with gestational age and birth weight. The determination of normal API in older infants is required to determine whether the API is affected by age
The expression of COX-2 and iNOS in ethanol and aspirin induced gastric ulcer rat models
No full textAspirin or ethanol induced gastric ulcer rat models are the most frequently used in studies.Aspirin and ethanol induced gastric ulcers through different pathways involving COX-2 andiNOS. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of COX-2 and iNOS in gastriculcer rat model induced by ethanol and aspirin. Twenty-one Sprague Dawley rats weredivided into 7 groups i.e. control group (CA), ethanol 1st day (ED1), ethanol 3rd day (ED3),ethanol 5th day (ED5), aspirin 4th day (AD4), aspirin 6th day (AD6), and aspirin 8th day (AD8).Oral administration of aspirin was at 200mg/kgBW and the 100% ethanol at 1mL/200gBW.Macroscopic and microscopic observations were done to examine the gastric mucosaldamage, COX-2 and iNOS expressions. Severe gastric ulcers were observed in ED1and AD4 groups and mild gastric mucosal damage was observed in ED3, ED5, AD6 andAD8 groups. Microscopically, light erosion was shown by the CA and AD8 groups. Erosionwas also shown by ED3, ED5, and AD6 groups. The most severe damage with ulcers andheavier bleeding were shown by the ED1 and AD4 groups. Weak COX-2 expression wasfound in the CA, while the highest COX-2 expression was found in the ED1. The iNOSexpression in the ethanol groups was still increasing until the 5th day (ED5). In the aspiringroups, it reached the peak on the 3rd day (AD6), and already declined on the 5th day (AD8).In conclusion, the damage process of ethanol induced gastric ulcer occurred faster thanthat by aspirin. The highest COX-2 expression in the ethanol and aspirin groups wereshown at the onset begin. iNOS expression in ethanol induced ulcer groups still increaseduntil the 5th day, while in the aspirin induced ulcer groups already declined in the 5th day
Correlation between ratio of Nrf2/Keap1 and catalase gene expression in liver of hyperlipidemic rats after administration of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy- 3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one
No full textHyperlipidemia results in excessive superoxide anion radicals that are the cause ofoxidative stress. Phytochemical compounds can reduce oxidative stress. The aim of thisstudy was to investigate the correlations between ratio of Nrf2/Keap1 and catalase geneexpression in livers of hyperlipidemic rats after administration of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one. Twenty-four Rattus norvegicus rats, aged 8 weeks andweighing an average of 200 g were randomly divided into 6 groups i.e. Group 1 wasnormal group (N), Group 2 was hyperlipidemic rats (HL), Group 3 was hyperlipidemicrats with simvastatin (HL+SV), and Groups 4-6 were hyperlipidemic rats with 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one doses 10 mg (HL+10), 30 mg (HL+30) or 90 mg/200 g BW (HL+90), respectively, administered orally by gavages. At the end ofthe study, the rats were euthanized and the livers were used to analyze the ratio of Nrf2/Keap 1 and catalase gene expression. Nrf2/Keap1 ratio and catalase gene expressionbetween groups were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test. Spearman’s correlation test wasused to analyze the correlations between Nrf2/Keap1 ratio and catalase gene expression.The administration of 3 different doses of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one on hyperlipidemic rats increased catalase gene expression. There wasno correlation between ratio Nrf2/Keap1 and catalase gene expression. In conclusion,administration of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one can improvecatalase gene expression in hyperlipidemic rats. However, there is no correlation betweenthe ratio of Nrf2/Keap1 gene expression and the catalase gene expression
The influence of hamstring autograft diameter on patient-reported functional scoresfollowing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction
No full textAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using hamstring tendon autograft is a common procedure in orthopedic surgery to treat ACL rupture. Graft diameter is very important in successfulness of ACL reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of hamstring autograft diameter on patient-reported functional scores following ACL reconstruction. The diameter of grafts were collected retrospectively from medical records of the patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction with hamstring autograft in the Soeradji Tirtonegoro General Hospital, Klaten, Central Java. The patient-reported functional scores data according to the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) were collected by phone call interview from the patients after more than six months post-reconstruction. The comparison between graft diameter and patient-reported functional scores was analyzed by independent t test. A p8mm.The result showed significant difference in KOOS and IKDC score between the both groups (p8mm (Group 2) had higher KOOS and IKDC score compared to graft diameter ≤8mm (Group 1) (p8 mm associated with better patient-reported functional scores in 6 monthsfollow-up after ACL reconstruction
The role of thyroid stimulating hormone level as a predictive factor for advance stage thyroid carcinoma
No full textThyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is a cancer growth stimulus factor that have effect on the progression of thyroid carcinoma, common neck head malignancy. This hormonelevel has diagnostic value and can assist in the diagnosis, staging and management of the thyroid carcinoma.This study aimed to investigatethe role of TSH level as a predictor of advance stage thyroid carcinoma. This was case-control study involvingthyroid enlargement subjects who underwent thyroidectomy at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakartafrom 2015 to 2017. Cancer staging examination using AJCC 2102and TSH levels examination were conducted before underwent thyroidectomy.The inclusion criteria for case group were advanced stage(stage III and IV), while for control group wereearly-stage of thyroid carcinoma (stage I and II). The exclusion criteria for both case and control groups were 1) suffering from thyroid hormone disorders requiring therapy before thyroidectomy, 2) receiving thyroid suppression therapy prior to thyroidectomy. Sixty-six post thyroidectomy patients were involved in this study. The patients were divided into case and control groups consisted of 33 patients in each group. Based on receiver operating characteristic curve, the cut of point 1.27 mIU/L for TSH was obtained with sensitivity of 72.7% and specificity of 78.8%. There was statistically significant difference TSH levelsbetween early stage thyroid carcinoma and late stage thyroid carcinoma(p = 0.001;OR: 9.9;95% CI: 3.19-30.15).It can be concluded that TSHlevels ≥ 1.27mIU/L as predictor of advance stage thyroid carcinoma
Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) research in Asian countries: a bibliometric analysis
No full textHealth care-associated infections (HAI) are the most frequent adverse event in health-care delivery worldwide, including in Asian countries. Asian countries produced 4,819 HAI publications. Majority of the publications (68%) appeared in the last decade. The average annual growth rate was 14.8%. Japan was the most productive country that contributes about 13.5% of total publications, followed by China (11.7%), and Taiwan (11.6%). Asian HAI research were cited in 76,737 articles with an average of 15.9 citations per publication. The top two most highly cited articles were published in the New England Journal of Medicine followed by the Journal of Clinical Microbiology. The top three productive journals were Journal of Hospital Infection (309 papers; 6.4%), American Journal of Infection Control (198 papers; 4.1%) and Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology (170 papers; 3.5%). The ten top journals contained 25% of the HAI literatures. Emerging research topics in the last years include ventilator-associated pneumonia, MRSA (methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus), acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenems, Republic Korea and tertiary care center
Comparison of wound healing of skin incision on albino rat (Rattus norwegicus) by treatment of electrical stimulations
No full textWound interferes with the equilibrium of skin functions. It disrupts a barrier function of the skin as external barrier of the internal organ from physical, chemical and biological environment. The wound can be easily treated but neglected wound can lead to several complications. Accelerate wound healing will prevent complications and reduce aesthetic problem in anti-aging treatment. Previous studies showed that physical modulation as electrical stimulation could enhance wound healing processes. This study purposed to compare three different modes of electrical stimulation on wound healing such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), high voltage pulse current (HVPC) and low-intensity direct current (LIDC). This in vivo study used incisional skin biopsy of albino rat (Rattus norvegicus). Qualitative and quantitative parameters were analyzed to compare three different electrical stimulations on the wound healing response on the epidermis, dermis, inflammation, and angiogenesis phase. The highest histological score on the epidermis and dermis was found on LIDC whereas the highest histological score on the inflammation and angiogenesis phase was found on HVPC. This result of this study may provide useful information for selecting additional treatment for wound healing
An evaluation study of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant GRA1 protein for detection of igg antibodies againts Toxoplasma gondii infections
No full textReliable laboratory testing is important to detect Toxoplasma gondii infection and focuses on improving the low cost and easy to use the diagnostic instrument. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method can be used to determine a large number of samples within a short period of time which based on antibody or antigen detection. We tested the sensitivity and specificity of GRA1 protein of as antigen using the ELISA method to toxoplasmosis diagnosis and compared it with commercial ELISA kit. Seventy sera samples were collected and tested using indirect ELISA, commercial ELISA kit and GRA1 protein-coated as antigen. The results showed 48 and 51 samples had positive IgG antibody using ELISA-GRA1 and commercial ELISA kit, respectively. The GRA1 sensitivity and specificity on ELISA were 100% and 86.36%, respectively. Whereas positive predictive value (PPV) was 94.11%. This result indicated that the recombinant GRA1 protein is a highly immunogenic protein in human toxoplasmosis and marker for toxoplasmosis screening