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Pathways to Prosperity for Adolescent Girls in Mozambique
No full textMozambique stands at a critical juncture in addressing adolescent girls’ pathways to prosperity. Due to prevailing vulnerabilities, there is momentum to strengthen the country’s educational foundations to comprehensive empowerment that addresses economic and social dimensions simultaneously. By focusing on the areas highlighted in this brief - girls’ school enrolment, preventing child marriage and early childbearing, adapting interventions to vulnerable girls, and supporting school-to-work transition - Mozambique can unlock the potential of its adolescent girls while addressing persistent disparities across geographic, gender, and socioeconomic lines. The economic returns of such investments are substantial, not only for the girls themselves but for the country’s broader development trajectory. Addressing these challenges requires coordinated action across multiple sectors, with interventions tailored to the diverse contexts within Mozambique and particular attention to the most vulnerable populations, particularly those affected by conflict and humanitarian emergencies
A Structural Estimation Framework
No full textThis paper quantifies the relationships between deep trade agreements and foreign direct investment (FDI). The analysis relies on a structural framework that simultaneously enables (a) estimating the direct impact of deep trade agreements on FDI, (b) translating the partial deep trade agreement estimates into general equilibrium effects on FDI, and (c) obtaining partial deep trade agreement effects on trade and quantifying the impact of deep trade agreements on FDI through trade. The effects of deep trade agreements on both trade and FDI are sizeable, positive, and statistically significant. A counterfactual analysis suggests that together with direct and indirect channels deep trade agreements have contributed to a large but asymmetric increase in inward versus outward FDI
Chapitre spécial - Renforcer le système agroalimentaire
No full textThe agriculture sector is highly vulnerable
to climate change. Increasing frequency of
droughts, floods, and heatwaves impact crops
and livestock yields, exacerbating existing
vulnerabilities and threating food security and
livelihoods. Over the past two decades, Niger
faced at least nine major droughts and five major
floods, affecting its rural population and rainfed
agriculture. Climate change contributes to the
Niger’s food crisis, occurring every four years on
average. Future projections indicate significant
natural annual variability in precipitation, with
an anticipated increase of nearly 25 percent in
rainfall during the rainy season by the 2050s.
Heavy precipitation events are also likely to
occur at least twice as many times resulting in
significant flood risk.Le secteur agricole est très vulnérable au
changement climatique. La fréquence croissante
des sécheresses, des inondations et des vagues
de chaleur a un impact sur les rendements des
cultures et du bétail, exacerbant les vulnérabilités
existantes et menaçant la sécurité alimentaire et
les moyens de subsistance. Au cours des deux
dernières décennies, le Niger a été confronté à au
moins neuf grandes sécheresses et cinq grandes
inondations, qui ont affecté sa population rurale
et son agriculture pluviale. Le changement
climatique contribue à la crise alimentaire
du Niger, qui survient tous les quatre ans en
moyenne. Les projections futures indiquent
une variabilité annuelle naturelle importante des
précipitations, avec une augmentation prévue
de près de 25 pour cent des précipitations
pendant la saison des pluies d’ici les années
2050. Les fortes précipitations sont également
susceptibles de se produire au moins deux fois
plus souvent, entraînant des risques d’inondation
importants
A Qualitative Research Toolkit
No full textUnderstanding the Experiences of Digital G2P Payment Recipients: A Qualitative Research Toolkit
aims to facilitate the study of recipient experiences of Government-to-Person payments (G2P),
with a view to informing policies and programmatic interventions across various contexts.
Insights about recipient access and use of G2P payments can inform government decisions
about the underlying G2P architecture and its role in advancing long term development
outcomes around financial inclusion, women’s economic empowerment, government efficiency
and resilience. Several World Bank task teams and researchers from partner organizations
conduct qualitative studies on the digitalization of G2P payments to garner such insights. The
intention of such studies is to identify and address barriers to the access and use of digital G2P
payments from a recipient’s perspective
Thème Spécial - Construire et Préserver les Richesses du Gabon pour Améliorer les Conditions de vie des Populations
No full textThe Gabon Economic Update is an annual World Bank publication that presents an overview
of the evolving macroeconomic position in Gabon, followed by a detailed exploration of a
specific topic. The first chapter analyzes recent economic developments, key development
challenges, and outlook and risks for Gabon’s future growth. It presents policies to help the
country create more jobs, build resilient growth, and strengthen public finances. The second
chapter discusses measurements of national wealth and links with indicators such as Gross
Domestic Product. It analyzes the role of human, physical, and natural capital in shaping long-term development in Gabon, with a focus on forest ecosystem services accounts, providing
insights on how to make the best sustainable use and benefit the most from the country’s
vast forest resources. This report is based on data available as of May 2025.Les Cahiers économiques du Gabon sont une publication annuelle de la Banque mondiale qui présente une vue d’ensemble de l’évolution de la situation macroéconomique du Gabon, suivie d’une étude détaillée d’une sujet spécifique. Le premier chapitre analyse les évolutions économiques récentes, les développements clés défis, perspectives et risques pour la croissance future du Gabon. Il présente des politiques visant à aider le créer plus d’emplois, construire une croissance résiliente et renforcer les finances publiques. Le deuxième Le chapitre examine les mesures de la richesse nationale et les liens avec des indicateurs tels que le Produit intérieur. Il analyse le rôle du capital humain, physique et naturel dans le développement à long terme au Gabon, en mettant l’accent sur les comptes des services écosystémiques forestiers, la fourniture et la fourniture de services d’écosystémique forestiers. Des idées sur la meilleure façon d’utiliser durablement et de tirer le meilleur parti possible de la de vastes ressources forestières. Ce rapport est basé sur les données disponibles en mai 2025
Activity, Inflation and the Price Level
No full textCentral banks often face tradeoffs in how their monetary policy decisions impact economic activity (including employment), inflation and the price level. This paper assesses how these tradeoffs have evolved over time and varied across countries, with a focus on understanding the post-pandemic adjustment. To make these comparisons, we compile a cross-country, historical database of “rate cycles” (i.e., easing and tightening phases for monetary policy) for 24 advanced economies from 1970 through 2024. This allows us to quantify the characteristics of interest rate adjustments and corresponding macroeconomic outcomes and tradeoffs. We also calculate Sacrifice Ratios (output losses per inflation reduction) and document a historically low “sacrifice” during the post-pandemic tightening. This popular measure, however, ignores adjustments in the price level—which increased by more after the pandemic than over the past four decades. A series of regressions and simulations suggest monetary policy (and particularly the timing and aggressiveness of rate hikes) play a meaningful role in explaining these tradeoffs and how adjustments occur during tightening phases. Central bank credibility is the one measure we assess that corresponds to only positive outcomes and no difficult tradeoffs
A Modeling Approach
No full textEstimating the macroeconomic implications of climate change impacts and adaptation options is a topic of intense research. This paper presents a framework in the World Bank's macrostructural model to assess climate-related damages. This approach has been used in many Country Climate and Development Reports, a World Bank diagnostic that identifies priorities to ensure continued development in spite of climate change and climate policy objectives. The methodology captures a set of impact channels through which climate change affects the economy by (1) connecting a set of biophysical models to the macroeconomic model and (2) exploring a set of development and climate scenarios. The paper summarizes the results for five countries, highlighting the sources and magnitudes of their vulnerability --- with estimated gross domestic product losses in 2050 exceeding 10 percent of gross domestic product in some countries and scenarios, although only a small set of impact channels is included. The paper also presents estimates of the macroeconomic gains from sector-level adaptation interventions, considering their upfront costs and avoided climate impacts and finding significant net gross domestic product gains from adaptation opportunities identified in the Country Climate and Development Reports. Finally, the paper discusses the limits of current modeling approaches, and their complementarity with empirical approaches based on historical data series. The integrated modeling approach proposed in this paper can inform policymakers as they make proactive decisions on climate change adaptation and resilience
Remarks by Ajay Banga at the Opening of the 4th International Conference on Financing for Development
No full textIn his speech, World Bank Group President Ajay Banga highlights a critical juncture for global development, marked by persistent challenges and a demographic surge in emerging markets. He emphasizes that unlocking the potential of the next generation requires unprecedented resources and strategic partnerships, especially with the private sector. The World Bank Group is responding with reforms to accelerate impact, streamline operations, and mobilize capital. By focusing on job creation and enabling environments, the Bank aims to address both immediate needs and long-term opportunities. Ultimately, the speech calls for collective action to create the conditions for jobs and unlock a generation’s potential
Summary of the Statistical Institute of Belize (SIB) Statistical Needs Assessment
No full textThis note presents findings of a Statistical Needs Assessment (SNA) of the Statistical Institute of Belize (SIB). The aim of the assessment is to inform efforts to enhance the national statistical system for data driven decision-making. Belize has shown good progress in the development of its statistical infrastructure. Some challenges persist in data collection, coordination, and usage. Key priorities include developing the National Strategy for the Development of Statistics (NSDS), integrating administrative data, and addressing resource constraints. Strengthening these areas will bolster SIB's capacity as a pivotal data producer and coordinator for informed policymaking
Trade Policy and Food and Nutrition Security in an Era of Climate Change
No full textClimate risks are worsening and threaten food and nutrition security and global food markets. This report explores how shocks, food price policies, and food trade affect Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) in an era of changing climate. It aims to guide policy responses to climate change’s projected impacts on FNS by examining the relationship between shocks, food trade, and price volatility from other contexts. The report analyzes the food shock related to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine to better understand future food security and price shocks driven by climate change. It also assesses the effects of price insulation policies on global and domestic food markets. The report argues that open trade and integrated markets, free from price distorting policies, offer the greatest benefits for FNS and household welfare in a warming world