JURNAL ILMIAH PETERNAKAN TERPADU
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Identification and Pathogenicity of Escherichia coli from Cloacal Swabs
Get PDFColibacillosisis is an infectious disease in poultry caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) as primary or secondary agents. This study were aim to identify and test the pathogenicity ofE. coli isolated from chicken cloacal swabs. The samples used in this study were E. coli isolated from chicken cloacal swabs as many as 42 samples. The first stage in this research was subculturing E.coli in Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) medium, then identified by Gram stain and biochemistry with Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA), Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM), Simmons Citrate Agar (SCA) and Methyl Red Voges-Proskauer (MRVP). Pathogenicity of E. coli was tested by culturing in Blood Agar to see the results of hemolysin production and on Sorbitol-MacConkey Agar (SMAC) to see the ability of Sorbitol fermentation. The results obtained were 12 isolates was pathogenic E. coli looked from the results of the pathogenicity test in the Blood Agar and SMAC Agar
Improvement of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Quality as Animal Feed through Fermentation Using Rumen Microbes with the Addition of Molasses
Get PDFOne of the potential alternative feed ingredients as animal feed is water hyacinth. However, the low quality and palatability cause water hyacinth not being liked by ruminants. One way to improve the quality of water hyacinth is using controlled technology involving rumen microbes. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of addition of molasses and fermentation time in improving the quality of water hyacinth using rumen microbes through the test parameters for crude protein and crude fiber content. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial patterns with molasses levels, namely M1 = 5%, M2 = 10%, M3 = 15%, and fermentation time consisting of T1 = 7 days, T2 = 10 days, T3 = 13 days . Each experimental design was repeated 3 times to form 27 experimental units. Data were analyzed using variance, if there was a significant treatment effect (P<0.05), followed by the HSD test on the average treatment. The results showed that the highest crude protein content was 14.23% in the M2T3 treatment (10% molasses level with 13 days of fermentation time) (P<0.05) while the lowest crude fiber was 14.55% in the M3T2 treatment (15% molasses level with a dangerous time) 10 days). This treatment was significantly different (P<0.05) from the other treatments. The results of the study concluded that the addition of 10% molasses for 13 days of brewing time could increase the crude protein content in water hyacinth fermented using rumen-filled microbes.and the lowest decrease in crude fiber was at 15% molasses level with 10 days of fermentation
Performance of Female Thin Tail Sheep Fed Ration Containing Fermented Shrimp Waste by EM-4
Get PDFThe use of shrimp waste as ruminant feed is constrained by the presence of chitin which is difficult to digest. This study aimed to determine the use of shrimp waste fermented with EM-4 as additional feed for female Thin Tailed sheep. A total of 18 female Thin-Tailed sheep with a body weight of 10.35±0.88 kg were allocated to 3 ration treatments containing fermented shrimp waste with EM-4, namely 5%, 7.5% and 10%. The sheep were kept for 90 days at CV. Bungah Tani Djaya's Livestock to measure its performance. The results showed that the use of fermented shrimp waste up to 10% did not interfere with the performance of femaleThin-Tailed sheep with the average dry matter consumption, crude protein consumption, total digestible nutrient (TDN) consumption, daily body weight gain, and feed conversion were 340,29 g/head/day, 31.68 g/head/day, 195.63 g/head/day, 61.80 g/head/day, and 6.18 respectively. The results of the study concluded that the use of shrimp waste fermented with EM-4 up to 10% can be used as additional feed for female Thin-Tailed sheep
Evaluation of Motility, Viability and Abnormality of Boar Spermatozoa in Various Modified Extenders
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to conduct an assessment on the quality of pig semen spermatozoa during storage and determine which diluent material should be used and how long pig semen can be stored. Freshly ejaculated boar semen was obtained from a two-years-old Duroc male and was diluted with Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) and Tris Citrate Fructose (TCF) supplemented with 5% egg yolk (KT) and extract of Borassus flabellifer Linn mesocarp (EM) 0.01% and stored at 13°C for up to 4 days. An experimental study with a completely randomized design with four groups and five repeats was applied. Parameters observed were motility, viability and abnormality of spermatozoa. Sperm quality was evaluated by examining motility and abnormality using a phase-contrast microscope with a magnification of 100X, and viability by eosin nigrosine staining. Parametric data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the supplementation of 5% egg yolk in the BTS diluent-based treatment group showed a higher percentage of motility (P<0.05) than without egg yolk, while the TCF-based diluent group showed no differences (P<0.05). Modified-Tris Citrate Fructose diluent supplemented with 5% egg yolk and 0.01% mesocarp extract was able to maintain a significantly higher percentage of viability (67.50±2.0) (P<0.05) than other groups, and had a percentage of abnormalities (9.75±0.957), significantly lower (P<0.05) than other groups. It was concluded that the modification of diluent TCF with 5% egg yolk and mesocarp extract 0.01% provide the best results in maintaining sperm quality with the highest percentage of sperm motility and viability, and the lowest percentage of sperm abnormality compared to the other three diluents. Likewise, all groups of modified-BTS and TCF diluent supplemented with 5% egg yolk and extract of Borassus flabellifer Linn mesocarp in this study were able to maintain motility >40%, viability >45% and abnormalities <20% so they were appropriate for using in the AI procedure
The Use of Azolla microphylla in The Ration on Feed Consumption, Body Weight Gain, and Feed Conversion Ratio in Male Magelang Ducks (Anas platyrhinchos)
Get PDFThe study aimed to determine feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion of male Magelang ducks with the addition of Azolla microphylla in the ration. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. In each replication, there were 2 male Magelang ducks aged 5 weeks ( weight average is 747,18±103,9 g) and reared for 7 weeks. The treatment consisted of P0 control diet without Azolla microphylla substitution, P1 control diet + Azolla microphylla 10%., P2 control diet + Azolla microphylla 15%., and P3 control diet + Azolla microphylla 20%. Data collected included feed consumption, body weight gain, final body weight, and feed conversion. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan's test. The addition of Azolla microphylla up to 20% had no significant effect on feed consumption (average 4706.17 ± 27.89 g), daily body weight gain (average 13.18 ± 1.65 g), and feed conversion (average 7. 38 ± 0.95), but significantly different in final body wight, the addition of Azolla microphylla up to levels of 15% and 20% reduced the final body weight of male Magelang ducks. The conclusions of this study were the addition of Azolla microphylla in the ration up to 20% did not affect feed consumption, daily body weight gain and feed conversion, but the addition of Azolla microphylla above 10% reduced the final body weight of male Magelang ducks. Substitition Azolla microphyla in Magelang duck male could be given up to 10% level
Effect of Adding Coconut Water (Cocus viridis) on Liquid Semen Quality of Kacang Goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) Stored at 4-5° C
Get PDFThe best semen quality is necessary for successful Artificial Insemination. Increasing population of Kacang goat, which is a native Indonesian goat breed can reach with the application of AI technology. It can support the suffice of national meat demand. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding coconut water (CW) in the Skim Yolk Diluent (SYD) and storage time at a cold temperature of 4-5 C on the quality of liquid semen of Kacang goat. The research material was four Kacang goats aged 1 - 1.5 years, SYD, and coconut water. The research method was an experiment with a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of two factors. The first factor is the addition of coconut water in SYD (D), namely D0 = 100% SYD + 0% CW; D1= 30% SYD + 70% CW; D2= 20% SYD + 80% CW; D3= 10% SYD + 90% CW. The second factor is the storage time of liquid cement at a temperature of 4-5°C (H), namely H0 = 0 days; H1= 1 day; H2 = 2 days, and H3 = 3 days. The treatment was repeated 10 times. Data were analyzed by Anova and further test using Duncan's multiple distance test. The results showed that the combination treatment showed a significantly different interaction effect (P<0.05) on the percentage of motility and abnormalities and the highly significant different interaction effect (P<0.01) on the percentage of spermatozoa viability. The best mean of motility, viability and abnormality was found in the D3H0 treatment. The conclusion is that the addition of coconut water in SYD can be done up to 90% with the time storage at 4-5ºC cold for 3 days because it is still able to maintain the quality of the Kacang goat liquid semen with a motility percentage more than 40%
Physical and Chemical Quality of Corn Husks with Ammoniation, Biofermentation and Ammonia Fermentation Processing
Get PDFThis study aimed to evaluate the processing of ammoniated, biofermented and amorphous corn husks on physical quality, dry matter, ash content, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF), and nitrogen free extract (NFE). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments given were P1: untreated corn husks (control), P2: ammoniated corn husks (2% urea), P3: fermented corn husks (5% Aspergillus niger), and P4: amofered corn husks (2% urea + 5% Aspergillus niger). The variables observed included physical quality and nutrient content (dry matter, ash, crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber, and nitrogen free extract). The data obtained analyzed using Analysis of Variety and followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of the study had a significant effect on the physical quality, dry matter, ash, crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber and nitrogen free extract (P<0,05), but had no effect (P>0,05) on the ash content. Amopheric processing has the best effect on physical quality, crude protein and crude fiber content of corn husks. Fermentation processing gives the best effect on ether extract and nitrogen free extract
Effect of Giving Turmeric Rhizome and Teak Leaves Combination on Egg Quality and Productivity of Laying Hens
Get PDFThis research was conducted to study the effect of feeding additives in the form of a combination of turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) and teak leaf (Tectona grandis) on egg quality and productivity of laying hens. The method used in this research is an experimental method with a completely Randomized Design (CRD). The study used one control group (P0) and three treatment groups. The treatment group was given feed additives in drinking water in the form of a combination of turmeric rhizome and teak leaves at intervals of once a day (P1), once every two days (P2), and once every four days (P3). The study was conducted on light-type laying hens aged about 72 weeks for 28 days. The data was obtained in the form of size and weight of eggs and egg production. Data on the size and weight of eggs were obtained by measuring the circumference and weight of the eggs, while data on egg productivity was obtained by calculating the number of chicken eggs produced each day. Data analysis with One Way Anova using SPSS 23 program. The results showed that egg quality was not significantly different but the provision of feed additives at intervals of once a day resulted in the highest average egg size and egg production
Effect of Egg White Addition on pH, Density, Emulsion Stability and Color of Mayonnaise
Get PDFMayonnaise can be made with the addition of egg whites, therefore it can increase the use of white egg. This work aimed to study the effect of egg whites addition on pH, density, emulsion stability and the color of mayonnaise. The research design using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) single factor, namely the level addition of egg white which consists of 4 treatments (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) with 3 replication. Parameters investigated were pH, density, emulsion stability and the color (brightness (L*), redness color (a*) and yellowness color (b*)) of mayonnaise. The data obtained was analyzed with ANOVA at α = 5%, and If there was a significant difference, the continue with the Dunnet test. The research result showed there were significant difference (P<0,05) in egg white level addition on the pH and brightness of the mayonnaise and did not significantly affect the density, emulsion stability, reddness, and yelloness color
Carbohidrate Distribution In The Small Intestine of Sumba Ongole Cattle (Bos indicus)
Get PDFThe small intestine has cells that function to secrete mucus that protects the intestine from pathogenic agents and mechanical damage. One of the components of mucus is carbohydrates. This study aims to knowing the distribution of acidic and neutral carbohydrates in the small intestine of sumba ongole (Bos indicus) cattle. Six samples of the small intestine were collected from East Sumba Slaughter House. The tissue was fixed in formalin 10 %, continued with processed histologically and AB-PAS staining. The results showed that acidic and neutral carbohydrates were distributed in the tunica of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum with varying intensity. The strong intensity was seen in goblet cells, Lieberkuhn crypts, and Brunner's glands. The different distribution of carbohydrates in the small intestine is related to the mucus secretion of each cell and that function