Journal of Aceh Physics Society
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Design of a ms sway-based e-module on hydrogen atomic spectrum matter
Full text linkAbstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar fisika berupa E-modul berbasis Ms Sway yang menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) dengan dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahap, antara lain potensi dan masalah, studi literatur serta pengumpulan data dan informasi, desain E-modul, validasi desain, desain teruji, validasi produk, produk teruji. Sampel data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu sejumlah siswa kelas XII. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar formulir siswa dan lembar angket uji validasi tim ahli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rancangan E-modul berbasis Ms Sway yang dikembangkan termasuk kategori valid dengan desain teruji, karena mendapatkan respon positif dengan persentase uji validitas sebesar 80,5% serta memiliki tingkat efektivitas sebesar 76,6%. Berdasarkan penelitian pengembangan dan pembahasan yang dilakukan, rancangan E-modul berbasis Ms Sway pada materi spektrum atom hidrogen didapatkan hasil yang valid dan reliabel.Abstract. This study aims to develop physics teaching materials in the form of an E-module based on Ms Sway. This research is a development research that uses the ADDIE development model which is carried out in several stages, including potential and problems, literature study and data and information collection, E-module design, design validation, tested design, product validation, tested product. The sample data used in this study were a number of class XII students. The instruments used in this study were student form sheets and expert team validation test questionnaires. The results showed that the Ms Sway-based E-module design that was developed was included in the valid category with a tested design, because it received a positive response with a validity test percentage of 80.5% and had a fairly high level of reliability of 0.9. Based on the development research and discussion conducted, the design of the Ms Sway-based E-module on the hydrogen atom spectrum material obtained valid and reliable results
Delineation method of the archaeological structure of Kuta Batee Trumon fortress, South Aceh based on a total magnetic field anomaly
Full text linkAbstrak. Situs arkeologi Benteng Kuta Batee memiliki sejarah penting dimasa lalu namun telah mulai terlupakan. Kegiatan revitalisasi harus diterapkan untuk meningkatkan nilai-nilai penting dari situs tersebut. Pada upaya awal dari kegiatan revitalisasi benteng ini yaitu eksplorasi pada bagian bagian situs yang masih tertimbun di bawah permukaan. Meskipun demikian, proses ini harus dilakukan dengan pendekatan non-destructive sehingga tidak akan merusak situs. Penggunaan metode geofisika seperti metode magnetik menjadi solusi untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. Metode ini mampu menginvestigasi struktur di bawah permukaan berdasarkan perbedaan medan magnetik bawah permukaan. Sebanyak 941 titik pengukuran dengan jarak spasi per 2 m diterapkan pada kawasan situs seluas 52x50 m2. Berdasarkan hasil interpretasi, secara umum respons nilai tinggi dan rendah dari anomali medan magnetik total belum menunjukkan geometri benda anomali. Perhitungan lanjutan berupa transformasi sinyal analitik akan bernilai maksimum amplitudonya ketika berada di atas tepi benda anomali. Sedangkan perhitungan tilt derivative akan bernilai positif amplitudonya ketika berada di atas anomali dan nilai negatif berada di luar sumber anomali. Keadaan ini bersesuaian dengan respons anomali bawah permukaan pada struktur yang masih utuh. Meskipun demikian, sebagai validasi yang lebih optimal, hasil perlu dilakukan kajian metode geofisika lain dan proses ekskavasi perlu diterapkan agar proses revitalisasi bisa direalisasikan.Abstract. The archaeological site of Kuta Batee Fort has an important history in the past but is starting to be forgotten. Revitalization activities of this fort should be implemented to enhance the important values of the site. The initial effort of this fort revitalization activity was exploration of parts of the site that were still buried beneath the surface. However, this process must be carried out with a non-destructive approach so that it will not damage the archaeological site. The use of geophysical methods such as the magnetic method is a solution to solve these problems. is able to investigate subsurface structures based on subsurface magnetic field differences. A total of 941 stations with a spacing of 2 m were applied to cover a site area of 52x50 m2. Based on the interpretation of the results, In general, the response of the high and low values of the total magnetic field anomaly has not shown the geometry of the anomalous body. Further calculations in the form of an analytical signal transformation will have the maximum value of its amplitude when it is above the edge of the anomalous body. While the calculation of the tilt derivative will have positive amplitude when it is above the anomaly and a negative value is outside the source of the anomaly. This situation corresponds to subsurface anomalous responses to intact structures. However, as a more optimal validity, it is necessary to study other geophysical methods and the excavation process needs to be applied in order to realize the revitalization process
Cover Volume 11(1) October 2022
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Modeling of monthly rainfall analysis in Aceh Besar District with Indonesias Sea-Surface Temperatures as the primary component
Full text linkAbstract. There are various fields that crucially require information about rainfall, including agriculture. A major drop or rise in rainfall may significantly impact the agriculture in Indonesia. For this reason, research regarding on variables that effected rainfall are still being improved by applying variety of models in order to provide accurate and closely related to the original data on rainfall forecast. Precise and accurate rainfall forecast is essential to help extension workers and farmers to determine when to start planting their crops and to decide what kind of crops are suitable for a particular region. Data applied in this research are data on monthly Sea-Surface Temperature (SST) data which are limited by 10N 15S and 90E 145E with a 1 x 1 grid, as well as data on monthly rainfall in Aceh Besar district which were obtained by averaging the data from 10 rain post points in collaboration with the BMKG of Aceh Besar District between 2010 2019. Correlation analysis between Sea-Surface Temperature (SST) and rainfall resulted in correlation value that fulfill the requirement of sufficient to high in a number of regions for each month. The highest correlation value was recorded by 0.87 for the positive correlation in October, and it was recorded by -0.87 for the highest negative value of correlation in December. Under those circumstances, by utilizing the Principal Component Regression (PCR) method, a forecasting model is created for each of the region with the highest correlation which allows for the identification of the area that most impacted rainfall in district of Aceh Besar. Model validation obtained error value of 37.1 or roughly around 19.5%. The highest value difference was occurred in October 2014, measuring by the value difference of 96 mm. The results of monthly rainfall forecast in 2021 provide a pattern of rainfall that is similar with the observation data obtained in August to December. Research results indicate that sea-surface Temperature (SST) in regions of Indonesia can be utilized as the indicator in forecasting rainfall at a district level
Analysis of purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) and beetroot (Beta vulgaris) extracts as dye for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) application
Full text linkAbstrak. Telah dilakukan analisis karakteristik zat warna ekstrak umbi bit (Beta vulgaris) dan kubis ungu (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) sebagai aplikasi Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik dye ekstrak kubis ungu, umbi bit dan gabungan keduanya terhadap rentang panjang gelombang, energi gap dan gugus fungsi untuk pengaplikasian pada DSSC. Dye alami yang digunakan dari ekstrak umbi bit (Beta vulgaris) dan kubis ungu (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) dengan proses maserasi dan evaporasi. Kemudian ekstrak tersebut dikarakterisasi menggunakan Spektrofometer UV-Vis dan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak umbi bit (Beta vulgaris), kubis ungu (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) dan gabungan keduanya mampu menyerap pada panjang gelombang 390-520 nm, 640-680 nm, dan 420-500 nm. Puncak maksimum yang dihasilkan adalah 480 nm, 665 nm, dan 477 nm. Energi gap berturut-turut sebesar 2.58 eV, 1.86 eV, dan 2.59 eV.Abstract. An analysis of the dye characteristics of beetroot (Beta vulgaris) and purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) extracts have been carried out as a Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) application. This research aimed to study the dye characteristics of purple cabbage, beetroot, and a combination of the two extracts on the wavelength range, energy gap, and functional groups for the application of DSSC. The natural dye is used from extracts of beetroot (Beta vulgaris) and purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) by maceration and evaporation processes. Then the extract was characterized using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The results showed that beetroot extract (Beta vulgaris), purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) and the combination of the two were able to absorb at wavelengths of 390-520 nm, 640-680 nm, and 420-500 nm. The maximum peaks produced were 480 nm, 665 nm, and 477 nm. The energy gap is 2.58 eV, 1.86 eV, and 2.59 eV, respectively
Characteristic of microstructure and magnetic properties in LaFeO3 using co-precipitation method
Full text linkAbstrak. Perkembangan penelitian material ferit memiliki karakteristik mikrostruktur dan sifat magnetik yang berbeda-beda. Karakteristik mikrostruktur dan sifat magnetik dari Fe3O4 dan LaFeO3 telah berhasil dilakukan menggunakan metode ko-presipitasi lanthanum klorida dan pasir besi alam digunakan sebagai prekursor untuk preparasi sintesis nanopartikel Fe3O4 LaFeO3. Rasio molar antara lanthanum klorida dan pasir besi alam adalah 1:1, dan tanpa lanthanium. Karakterisasi sampel menggunakan XRD, SEM dan VSM. Hasil XRD menunjukkan bahwa kedua sampel telah memiliki fase tunggal tanpa pengotor kristal seperti La2O3 atau Fe2O3. Hasil morfologi SEM menunjukkan bahwa Fe3O4 dan LaFeO3 memiliki ukuran partikel yang random. Histogram distribusi sebaran partikel untuk kedua sampel ini menunjukkan range 50-300 nm. Sifat magnetik dari sampel Fe3O4 memiliki Ms= 20 emu/g, Mr= 9 emu/g dan H= 400 Oe, sedangkan sifat magnetik LaFeO3 yaitu Ms= 10 emu/g, Mr= 8 emu/g dan H= 410 Oe. Hasil mikrostruktur dan sifat magnetik dalam penelitian ini dapat mendukung dalam pembuatan magnet permanen.Abstract. The development of research on ferrite materials has different microstructural characteristics and magnetic properties. The microstructural characteristics and properties of Fe3O4 and LaFeO3 have been successfully carried out using the co-precipitation method. Lanthanum chloride and natural iron sand were used as precursors for the preparation of the synthesis of Fe3O4 LaFeO3 nanoparticles. The molar ratio between lanthanum chloride and natural iron sand is 1:1, and without lanthanium. Sample characterization using XRD, SEM and VSM. The XRD results show that the second sample already has a single phase without crystal impurities such as La2O3 or Fe2O3. SEM morphology results show that Fe3O4 and LaFeO3 have random particle sizes. Histograms of particle distribution distribution for these two samples show the range of 50-300 nm. The nature of the sample Fe3O4 has Ms= 20 emu/g, Mr= 9 emu/g and H= 400 Oe, while the specific properties of LaFeO3 are Ms= 10 emu/g, Mr= 8 emu/g and H= 410 Oe. The results of the microstructure and magnetic properties in this study can support the manufacture of permanent magnet
Effect of annealing temperature on the microstructure and morphology of BaZr0.45Ti0.55O3 thin films using the sol-gel method
Full text linkAbstrak. Ferroelektrik merupakan bahan elektronik khususnya dielektrik yang dapat diaplikasikan sebagai kapasitor. Ferroeletrik mempunyai kemampuan mengubah arah medan listrik internalnya dengan menggunakan medanl istrik yang sesuai. Barium titanat merupakan bahan yang bersifat ferroelektrik yang dapat didoping dengan bahan zirconium dan dapat dibuat dalam bentuk film tipis. Penambahan doping zirconium pada barium titanat akan meningkatkan konstanta dielektrik bahan. Pembuatan film tipis Barium Zirkoniun Titanat dengan komposisi (BaZr0.45Ti0.55O3) telah berhasil dibuat dengan menggunakan metode sol-gel. Variasi suhu annealing yaitu 600oC dan 650oC dengan waktu tahan 1 jam dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan difraksi sinar-X (XRD) dan scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hasil karakterisasi XRD mendapatkan parameter kisi a = b = 3,97 danc = 4,25 sehingga struktur kristalnya adalah tetragonal. Tingkat kekristalan semakin tinggi dengan bertambahnya suhu annealing yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya intensitas. Karakterisasi SEM menunjukkan pada suhu annealing 600oC ukuran butiran belum terlihat jelas sehingga tidak dapat ditentukan ukuran butirannya. Pada suhu 650oC ukuran butirannya dapat ditentukan dengan nilai ukuran butiran rata-ratanya adalah sekitar 134,5 nm.Abstract. Ferroelectric is an electronic material, the dielectric in particular, which can be applied as a capacitor. Ferroelectric is able to change the direction of its internal electric field by the use of a suitable electric field. Barium Titanate is a ferroelectric material which can be doped with zirconium and made in the form of a thin film. The addition of zirconium doping to Barium Titanate will increase the dielectric constant of the material. The making of Barium Zirconiun Titanate thin film with the composition (BaZr0,45Ti0,55O3) has been successfully prepared using the sol-gel method. The annealing temperature variations are 600oC and 650oC with a 1 hour holding time and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD characterization results obtain lattice parameters of a = b = 3.97 and c = 4.25 , and thereby, the crystal structure is tetragonal. The crystallinity level is highly increasing with increased annealing temperature, indicated by increased intensity. SEM characterization shows that at annealing temperature of 600oC, the grain size is not clearly visible, so the grain size cannot be determined. At a temperature of 650oC, the grain size can be determined with the average grain size of about 134.5 nm
Utilization of activated carbon from used robusta coffee ground activated using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a material for supercapacitor electrodes
Full text linkKarbon aktif dari ampas biji kopi robusta yang diaktivasi menggunakan variasi konsentrasi KOH sebesar 0,2 M, 0,3 M, dan 0,5 M telah digunakan sebagai bahan dasar elektroda superkapasitor. Sintesis elektroda karbon aktif di awali dengan proses aktivasi kimia dan dilanjutkan dengan proses karbonisasi. Sampel di karbonisasi pada suhu 8000C dengan laju pemanasan 50C/menit dalam kondisi gas inert (N2). Pada penelitian ini, karbon aktif ampas biji kopi robusta dikarakterisasi menggunakan SEM EDX (Scanning Electron MicroscopyEnergy Dispersive X-Ray) dan SAA (Surface Area Analyzer) sedangkan sifat elektrokimia sel superkapasitor diukur menggunakan metoda Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) dan Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD). Kurva isotherm adsorpsi karbon aktif ampas biji kopi robusta yang didapatkan pada karakterisasi SAA merupakan tipe IV yang menunjukkan bahwa struktur mesopori lebih dominan. Pada pengukuran sifat elekrokimia menggunakan metoda CV dan GCD, elektroda karbon aktif menggunakan konsentrasi KOH 0,3 M menghasilkan nilai kapasitansi spesifik tertinggi yaitu sebesar 123 Fg- 1 dan 192 Fg-1 dengan persentase unsur C sebesar 73.36 % dan luas permukaan spesifik sebesar 795,687 m2g-1. Karbon aktif dari ampas biji kopi robusta yang diaktivasi menggunakan aktivator KOH memiliki performance yang baik dan dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan dasar elektroda superkapasitor yang ramah lingkunga
Study and characterization of Fe3O4 synthesized from natural iron sand in Sumatera Utara
Full text linkAbstrak. Pasir besi alam adalah satu dari sumberdaya alam di Indonesia, khususnya Sumatera Utara, yang pemanfaatannya belum dilakukan secara optimal. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kandungan dan ukuran butir Fe yang terdapat di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Pembuatan sampel pasir besi alam ini menggunakan metode milling basah yang dikeringkan pada suhu 100oC hingga sampel menjadi serbuk. Selanjutnya, proses ekstrasi menggunakan magnet permanen dilakukan pada sampel pasir untuk memisahkan material magnetik dan non magnetik didalamnya. Sampel magnetik yang diperoleh kemudian diuji menggukan alat XRD, SEM-EDX dan VSM. Hasil XRD menunjukkan bahwa sampel pasir besi alam memiliki fasa tunggal yaitu fasa magnetite (Fe3O4), dan struktur kristal kubik spinel yang mana a = b = c = 8.513 . Berdasarkan hasil SEM-EDX, terdapat kandungan unsur Fe dan O didalam pasir besi, yang berasal dari fase Magnetit (Fe3O4), maghemite (-Fe2O3) dan hematit (-Fe2O3). Hasil VSM menunjukkan bahwa parameter sifat magnetik saturasi (Ms) sebesar 30.52 emu.g-1, magnetik remanansi (Mr) sebesar 21.66 emu.g-1 dan koersivitas sebesar 455.17 Oe. Hasil studi ini berpotensi dalam pengolahan material magnetik lainnya sehingga dapat ditindaklanjuti dalam pembuatan material berikutnya dalam aplikasi bidang tertentu.Abstract. Natural iron sand includes one of the natural resources in Indonesia, especially in Sumatera Utara which has not been used optimally. The study was done to investigate the content and grain size of Fe found in Sumatera Utara. The manufacture of this natural iron sand sample uses the wet milling method which is dried at 100oC until the sample becomes powder. Next, the extraction process using permanent magnet was performed on the sand sample to separate its magnetic and non-magnetic materials. The iron sand was tested via XRD, SEM-EDX and VSM. The XRD results reveal that the natural iron sand sample has a single phase of magnetite (Fe3O4) phase, and a spinel cubic crystal structure with a = b = c = 8.513 . SEM-EDX results show that the iron sand sample consists of Fe and O components, which come from Magnetite (Fe3O4), Maghemite (-Fe2O3) and hematite (-Fe2O3) phases. The VSM results show that the saturation type (Ms) parameter is 30.52 emu.g-1, remanence type (Mr) is 21.66 emu.g-1 and coercivity is 455.17 Oe. The studys results are potential in other making magnetic materials, so that they can be followed up in the manufacture of subsequent materials in certain applications, respectively