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Copper-basic sites synergic effect on the ethanol dehydrogenation and condensation reactions
Get PDFBioethanol upgrading through condensation is of key interest in
the development of sustainable processes, shifting from fossil
to renewable carbon. Here, a new strategy is proposed, which
combines in one catalyst an appropriate distribution of acid/
basic sites of a mixed oxide with the presence of an active
dehydrogenation phase (Cu nanoparticles). Experiments, performed
in a fixed bed reactor, reveal a very positive effect of Cu
in the performance of Mg@Al catalyst, with 1-butanol productivity
12 times higher at 523K under inert conditions. The
improvement is even more notable in presence of H2, almost 30
times higher, under same conditions. The presence of Cu on the
surface increases the formation of acetaldehyde, limiting the
extent of dehydration side-reactions. In addition, hydrogen
enhances the C4 hydrogenation, preventing oligomerizations
and inhibiting decarbonylation steps that are directly related to
the catalytic deactivation by poisoning.- Gobierno de España (CTQ2014-52956-C3-1-R y CTQ2017-89443-C3-2-R)
- Gobierno del Principado de Asturias. Programa Severo Ochoa (Pa-14-Pf-BP14-105
E.V.E. 2.0: Una revisión y adaptación de un método para el estudio cerámico
No full textIn any archaeological excavation the potteryfragments are the most frequent quantitativeremains, as a consequence it seems right to proposea methodology that can help in their study. Therefore,we intend to expose a method that will lead us toknow from a fragment of pottery the percentageof the pottery piece with respect to the total vesselwhich was part. This approach is not new sincebetween the eighties and nineties of the twentiethcentury, C. Orton, P. Tyers and A. Vince startedtalking about the estimated vessel equivalent (EVE).However, despite its advantages, it is a system littleused. On this basis we have designed a reviewed EVEadapted to the new technologies that allow us to gofurther and talk of EVE 2.0. Not only is a change inform, but also a deep methodological revision.En toda excavación arqueológica los fragmentos cerámicos son los restos cuantitativamente más frecuentes, por lo tanto parece acertado plantear una metodología que pueda ayudarnos en su estudio.Por ello, pretendemos exponer un método que nos permitirá conocer a través de un fragmento de cerámica el porcentaje de ese pedazo con respecto al total de la vasija de la cual formaba parte. Este planteamiento no es novedoso dado que entre los años ochenta y los noventa del siglo XX, C. Orton, P.Tyers y A. Vince comenzaron a hablar del equivalente de vasija estimado (EVE). Sin embargo, a pesar de sus ventajas, se trata de un sistema escasamente utilizado. Partiendo de esta base teórica hemos diseñado un EVE revisado y adaptado a las nuevas tecnologías, que nos permita ir más allá y poder hablar del EVE 2.0. No solo se trata de un cambi oen las formas, sino también una de revisión metodológica profunda
Biodiversidad de aves insectívoras en pumaradas de sidra
Get PDFEn el primer estudio sobre aves insectívoras de las pumaradas de sidra en Asturias, identificamos
los factores que regulan su biodiversidad. Nuestros resultados muestran que las pumaradas
y sus sebes circundantes albergan una variada comunidad de aves enemigas de las
plagas del manzano. Tanto la abundancia como la riqueza de aves insectívoras aumentan en
las fincas donde los manzanos forman un dosel más extenso, así como en aquéllas más rodeadas
por sebes y bosquetes. Conservar las sebes que proporcionan lugares de nidificación
y alimentos alternativos, y facilitar la reproducción mediante cajas-nido, son medidas básicas
para fomentar la biodiversidad de aves insectívoras en las pumaradas
EFFICHRONIC: un primer paso hacia las personas con mayor vulnerabilidad
Get PDFEditorial en la que se presenta el proyecto EFFICHRONIC. Mejorando la sostenibilidad de los sistemas sanitarios a través de intervenciones costo-eficientes basadas en la evidencia, en el ámbito del empoderamiento de individuos para la auto-gestión de enfermedades crónicas, teniendo en cuenta determinantes de la salud clínicos y socioeconómicos)
Dos hallazgos fortuitos de botijuelas o Spanish olive jars en Tapia de Casariego (Asturias, España)
Get PDFThis paper presents the analysis of two pottery containers related to the maritime transport duringthe modern age, named botijuelas or Spanish olive jars. There are two pieces proceeding froma fortuitous finding in Tapia de Casariego (Asturias, Spain), one of them found in the terracedfields close to the port and the other one found by a boat of Tapia’s port. First, we are goingto contextualize the findings with the available information. Second, we will revise the historyof the study of this type of pieces, what will allow us to define a typological, chronological andfunctional frame. Next, we are going to analyze the containers based on its functional, technical,morphological and morphometric aspects. Finally, we will relate these artifacts to its historicalcontext and the trade flows that explain the finding of these pieces in Tapia.Programa "Severo Ochoa"En el presente estudio abordamos el análisis de dos contenedores cerámicos relacionados con el transporte marítimo de época moderna, denominados botijuelas o Spanish olive jars. Se trata dedos piezas halladas de manera fortuita en Tapia de Casariego (Asturias, España). Una de ellas en los bancales cercanos al puerto de Tapia y la otra en los aparejos de una embarcación con base en el mismo puerto. El primer punto del estudio tiene como objetivo contextualizar los hallazgos a través de la información recogida. Seguidamente, realizaremos un somero repaso a la historia del estudio de este tipo de contenedores, lo que nos permitirá definir un marco tipológico, cronológico y funcional para nuestras piezas. A continuación, procederemos al análisis de las dos botijuelas en base a sus aspectos funcionales, técnicos, morfológicos y morfométricos particulares. Por último,relacionaremos estos artefactos con su contexto histórico y los flujos comerciales que explican la presencia de estas piezas en la localidad de Tapia
Seeds of future past: climate change and the thermal memory of plant reproductive traits
Get PDFPlant persistence and migration in face of climate change depends on successful reproduction by seed, a central aspectof plant life that drives population dynamics, community assembly and species distributions. Plant reproduction byseed is a chain of physiological processes, the rates of which are a function of temperature, and can be modelled usingthermal time models. Importantly, while seed reproduction responds to its instantaneous thermal environment, there isalso evidence of phenotypic plasticity in response to the thermal history experienced by the plant’s recent ancestors, bythe reproducing plant since seedling establishment, and by its seeds both before and after their release. This phenotypicplasticity enables a thermal memory of plant reproduction, which allows individuals to acclimatise to their surroundings.This review synthesises current knowledge on the thermal memory of plant reproduction by seed, and highlights itsimportance for modelling approaches based on physiological thermal time. We performed a comprehensive searchin theWeb of Scienceand analysed 533 relevant articles, of which 81 provided material for a meta-analysis of thermalmemory in reproductive functional traits based on the effect sizeZr. The articles encompassed the topics of seeddevelopment, seed yield (mass and number), seed dormancy (physiological, morphological and physical), germination,and seedling establishment. The results of the meta-analysis provide evidence for a thermal memory of seed yield,physiological dormancy and germination. Seed mass and physiological dormancy appear to be the central hubs of thismemory. We argue for integrating thermal memory into a predictive framework based on physiological time modelling.This will provide a quantitative assessment of plant reproduction, a complex system that integrates past and presentthermal inputs to achieve successful reproduction in changing environments. The effects of a warming environmenton plant reproduction cannot be reduced to a qualitative interpretation of absolute positives and negatives. Rather,these effects need to be understood in terms of changing rates and thresholds for the physiological process that underliereproduction by seed
Ig-like transcript 2 (ILT2) blockade and lenalidomide restore NK cell function in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Get PDFOne of the cardinal features of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is its association
with a profound immunosuppression. NK cell function is markedly impaired in CLL
patients, who show a significant dysregulation of the expression of activating and
inhibitory receptors. Here, we analyzed the role of the novel inhibitory receptor Ig-like
transcript 2 (ILT2, also termed LIR-1, LILRB1) in the regulation of NK cells in CLL.
Our results show that ILT2 expression was significantly decreased on leukemic cells
and increased on NK cells of CLL patients, particularly in those with advanced disease
and with bad prognostic features, such as those carrying chromosome del(11q). The
immunomodulatory drug lenalidomide may regulate the expression of ILT2 and its ligands
in CLL since it significantly increased the expression of ILT2 and partially reestablished
the expression of its ligands on leukemic cells. Furthermore, lenalidomide significantly
increased the activation and proliferation of NK cells, which was strongly enhanced by
ILT2 blockade. Combining ILT2 blockade and lenalidomide activated NK cell cytotoxicity
resulting in increased elimination of leukemic cells from CLL patients. Overall, we describe
herein the role of an inhibitory receptor involved in the suppression of NK cell activity in
CLL, which is restored by ILT2 blockade in combination with lenalidomide, suggesting
that it may be an interesting therapeutic strategy to be explored in this disease
Efficient analysis and optimization of reflectarray antennas for satellite telecommunication missions
Get PDFThis contribution describes a general framework for the optimization of very large reflectarrays for space applications. It employs the generalized Intersection Approach with a series of techniques to accelerate computations. In particular, a machine learning technique is used to obtain a surrogate model of the reflectarray unit cell. Also, the gradient computation is accelerated by employing differential contributions on the radiated field. Computations may also be accelerated with the NUFFT employing a non-uniform grid in the spectral domain. Finally, instead of optimizing the crosspolar pattern, the XPD or XPI are optimized, improving both the antenna and algorithm performance. Relevant numerical examples are provided to show the capabilities of the proposed framework and acceleration techniques.This work was supported in part by the European Space Agency (ESA) under contract ESTEC/AO/1-7064/12/NL/MH; by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades under project TEC2017-86619-R (ARTEINE); by the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad under project TEC2016-75103-C2-1-R (MYRADA); by the Gobierno del Principado de Asturias through Programa "Clarín" de Ayudas Postdoctorales / Marie Curie-Cofund under project ACA17-09.39th ESA Antenna Workshop on Multibeam and Reconfigurable Antennas for Space Application
Convulsión febril en la infancia: reconocimiento, abordaje y cuidados
Get PDFIntroduction
Febrile Seizure in the children is a clinical entity in which there must necessarily be an oral temperature >37,5ºC or axilar > 38ºC. It generates great anxiety in the parents who witness it, either because they do not know what is happening or they do not know how to act.
It appears between 6 months and 5 years of age, and can be presented in different ways. It usually occurs in the first 24 hours of the febrile process, with the rise in temperature being the most important triggering factor.
Its cause is unknown although there are risk factors that precipitate them.
Recurrences are high, about 1/3 of children will suffer again.
Despite its high prevalence (2-5%), its treatment in acute and chronic phase, as well as the handling by parents, are poorly understood.
Description
A bibliographical search was carried out between the months of December 2017 and January 2018, selecting systematic reviews, original articles and documents from the most relevant scientific bodies of the last 10 years.
Conclusions
Of a benign nature, but highly alarming; CF generates great stress and fear.
The control of fever with physical or antipyretic measures does not reduce the recurrence of CF.
Community Health Nursing plays a vital role in addressing this type of crisis, providing reliable information to parents, emphasizing its benign nature, while trying to empathize and demystify certain aspects. His performance in acute trLa convulsión febril (CF) en el niño es una entidad clínica en la que necesariamente debe haber una temperatura oral > 37,5ºC o axilar > 37,8ºC. Genera gran ansiedad en los padres que la presencian, bien porque no saben lo que está sucediendo o porque desconocen cómo actuar.
Aparece entre los 6 meses y los 5 años de edad, pudiendo presentarse de diferentes formas. Generalmente ocurre en las primeras 24 horas del proceso febril, siendo la subida de la temperatura el factor desencadenante más importante.
Su causa es desconocida aunque existen factores de riesgo que las precipitan.
Las recidivas son altas, cerca de 1/3 de los niños volverán a sufrirla.
A pesar de su alta prevalencia (2-5%), su tratamiento en fase aguda y crónica, así como el manejo por parte de los padres son poco conocidos.
Descripción
Se ha llevado a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica entre los meses de diciembre de 2017 y enero de 2018, seleccionando las revisiones sistemáticas, artículos originales y documentos de organismos científicos más relevantes de los últimos 10 años.
Conclusiones
De naturaleza benigna, pero altamente alarmante; la CF genera gran estrés y temor.
El control de la fiebre con medidas físicas o antitérmicas no reducen la recurrencia de CF.
La enfermera de familia y comunitaria tiene un papel vital en el abordaje de este tipo de crisis, proporcionando información fiable a los padres, recalcando su naturaleza benigna, a la vez que intenta empatizar y desmitificar determinados aspectos. Su actuación en el tratamiento agudo también es clave fundamental
Minipropagación de plantas forestales
Get PDFLa reproducción asexual vegetal es posible
debido a que cada célula de la planta
contiene la información genética necesaria
para generar la planta entera. Esta propiedad
para generar un organismo completo
se denomina totipotencia (Hartmann
y Kester, 1998).
Ante la ausencia de sistemas económicamente
viables por métodos biotecnológicos
en ciertas especies, la optimización
a nivel comercial del enraizamiento de
esquejes en especies como el eucalipto
se ha conseguido, especialmente, con el
desarrollo de la técnica de miniesquejado
(Xavier y Wendling, 1998; Wendling et
al., 2000), definida como la propagación
vegetativa a través de minisetos, no rejuvenecidos
previamente“in vitro”, pero gestionados
intensivamente mediante podas
(Wendling y Xavier, 2001). Esta técnica
posibilita considerables ganancias, principalmente
en el aumento de los índices
de enraizamiento, reducción del tiempo
de formación de las plantas por el uso de
propágulos con mayor grado de juvenilidad
y facilita una mejor funcionalidad del
sistema radical (Titon et al., 2002)