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Behaviour for Musical Learning
No full textThis chapter justifies why learning behaviour needs to be considered within a music-specific context and explores how developing learning behaviours underpins young people’s relationship with the curriculum, with other people and with themselves as learners. It describes what musical learning behaviours are, how they might be facilitated in music classroom, and the importance of understanding the complex relationships that underpin young people’s learning behaviours in music contexts. Finally, the chapter addresses how, as a teacher, to model and recognise musical learning behaviours and to proactively plan for supporting young people’s effective learning in the music classroom
Decolonising This, Decolonising That: Beyond Rhetorical Decolonisation in Migration Studies
Get PDFDecolonisation in the academy is a political project and continual process but has become the equivalent of clickbait without any real transfer of power to those who still do not have academic authority or power. In principle, the field of migration studies is ideally situated to engage in questions and processes of decolonisation, with its focuas on border, diaspora and mobility and core concepts of nation and migrant. And due to this seeming default alignment with the vocabulary of decolonisation and decolonisation studies, migration studies scholars have jumped straight into writing about decolonisation in migration studies. However, there has been a limited reflection on who is doing the decolonisation and from where is the problem of colonisation addressed. The absence of this discussion of by whom, from where and how to decolonise migration studies cannot continue if the aim is to move beyond rhetorical decolonisation. This paper points to how decolonisation in migration studies has come to be at risk of being colonised within the Western academy and offers pointers to what form decolonisation might actually take
Comparative Analysis of Diurnal Thermal Stress Responses and Lag Effects in Acer Campestre Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence During UK Summers 2022–2023
Get PDFUrban trees face increasing extreme heat, yet the timing of their short-term physiological responses remains unclear. This study investigated thermal stress dynamics in Acer campestre during two contrasting UK summers (2022 and 2023) and examined how sampling frequency affects the detection of temporal lag effects. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (NPQ and ETRmax) were measured daily during the 2022 high heat days and weekly under the milder conditions of 2023. Generalised linear mixed models and cross-correlation analyses explored the relationships between leaf temperature and photosynthetic performance. In 2022, NPQ showed increased morning thermal sensitivity under extreme heat, but detrended analyses did not reveal strong multi-day lag effects. ETRmax responded in synchrony with temperature, showing no detectable time lag. In 2023, apparent multi-day correlations matched exactly with the weekly sampling interval and were diminished or nullified by detrending, suggesting sampling artefacts rather than physiological memory. Across both years, morning measurements consistently indicated the greatest thermal sensitivity. These findings reveal that Acer campestre exhibits threshold-dependent stress responses and highlight the importance of high-frequency sampling for accurately capturing short-term physiological dynamics. Sparse sampling can produce misleading lag patterns, emphasising the need to match measurement frequency with the biological response timescales in urban tree monitoring
Role of in-service teacher education in implementing TBLT in an EFL context: A case study in a Mexican university
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Response to the special issue ‘Social Work and Social Control’: a Delphi study connecting the coercive past and artificial intelligence futures of social work in Lithuania, Spain and the UK
No full textThis article responds to the call of the special issue of Critical and Radical Social Work for critical reflection on the role of power and social control within social work. We examine the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into social work in Lithuania, the UK and Spain, with particular attention to the risks of deepening historical patterns of surveillance, paternalism and marginalisation. This raises a central research question: do AI-driven tools genuinely enhance efficiency, or do they risk reinforcing structural inequalities and expanding the surveillance of already-vulnerable groups? A Delphi study conducted with social work and AI experts in the three countries reveals that despite the rhetoric of modernisation and efficiency, AI is often embedded within institutional frameworks that have long histories of punitive and exclusionary practices. The introduction of AI in this context raises significant questions about the profession’s ability to resist further entrenchment in a bureaucratic, control-oriented model
Crowd psychology and the politics of co‐production: Social control, democratic order and the consequences of theory
Get PDFSocial psychology has long claimed neutrality in its explanations of collective behaviour, yet its foundational theories of crowds have repeatedly been co‐produced with institutions of authority and mobilized in the reactionary governance of social order. This article challenges the discipline's familiar origin myth—centred on benign laboratory demonstrations of social influence—by re‐situating crowd psychology as one of social psychology's earliest and most politically consequential points of emergence. From nineteenth‐century crowd theory, through mid‐twentieth‐century de‐individuation research, to contemporary public‐order doctrine, assumptions about the inherent irrationality and danger of collective action have been repeatedly reformulated in scientific form, their persistence reflecting institutional and ideological fit rather than explanatory adequacy. Against this background, the article repositions the Social Identity Approach and the Elaborated Social Identity Model (ESIM) not merely as theoretical corrections, but as a reorientation of how psychological knowledge is produced, authorized and used. Drawing on ethnographic participatory action research and sustained engagement with policing institutions in the United Kingdom, Europe, and the United States, it conceptualizes collective behaviour as interactional and normatively organized, with policing practices constitutive of crowd dynamics rather than external to them. The article argues that co‐production is not a methodological innovation but a historically persistent condition of social psychology and that the ESIM represents a distinctive attempt to govern this condition reflexively by redirecting psychological knowledge towards legitimacy, restraint and the facilitation of democratic rights. The broader implication is that social psychology cannot plausibly claim political neutrality: its concepts travel into institutions and practices, shaping how collective action is anticipated, governed and policed
Understanding the world
No full textThis chapter investigates the variety of studies which aim to provide evidence towards the fundamentals of shaping children’s understanding of this specific area of learning. It then includes a series of provision ideas, presented by a range of EYFS practitioners, which show how children have been supported in this area of the EYFS. This chapter finishes with a summary of the key points to provide a takeaway for readers
Instability in Ostwald Ripening Processe
No full textThere is a dimensionless parameter which enters into the equation for the evolution of supersaturation in Ostwald ripening processes. This parameter is typically a large number. Here it is argued that the consequent stiffness of the equation results in the evolution of the supersaturation being unstable. The instability is evident in numerical simulations of Ostwald ripening
Adaptive Alignment of Human Values in Cyber-Physical Supply Chains
No full textSupply chains are fundamental to the economic functioning of society, through the assembly and transport of essential goods such as food, clothes and medicine. Technological advancements have driven supply chains to become increasingly automated, to optimise for efficiency and cost, and to respond to disturbances. However, optimising for social concerns is less prevalent. Increasing consumer preferences towards purchasing goods whose production is more aligned with those consumers’ values (such as sustainability), requires values-management capabilities within supply chain software. Such capabilities include tracing, monitoring, and verifying values-alignment between end-consumers and stakeholders. In this paper, we advocate for adaptive values-alignment between end-consumers and stakeholders in cyber-physical supply chains. We motivate this by means of an example of a coffee supply chain, which in turn surfaces social and technical challenges to values-alignment. We then propose a distributed, locally adaptive values-alignment approach. We implement this approach within a software framework and quantitatively illustrate its impact in increasing alignment from two competing perspectives: supply chain stakeholders and end-consumers. We show that end-consumer bias performs better by reducing values-misalignment by up to 85%. We also find that the homogeneity of stakeholders’ values is not correlated with an increase in values-alignment with end-consumers and that mixed values-alignment across the supply chain may be beneficial for supporting stakeholder engagement