Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan
Not a member yet
150 research outputs found
Sort by
Agricultural Environmental Management Strategy
Get PDFDevelopments in Indonesia has raised several positif impact for most people due to gaining the new opportunity jobs. However, these positive opportunity often raised negative impact, especially on land resources and the environment, and people surrounding. Development industries on productive agriculture land have decreased agricultural areas, pollution of soil, water bodies/rivers, and cheerfulness and health of people and other humanlife. Mine activities also caused negative impact such asdegradation of land resources and environment, and pollution due to the application of chemical matterial on sevaration of mine products. Land clearing for infrastructures construction (roads, buildings, bridges), and agricultural practices had caused land degradation and the environment, and pollution as well. The disturbance of natural resources and environmental imbalance caused the deterioration of soil productivity, and the quality of agricultural yield due to chemical contamination on soil, rivers/water bodies, and crops. These condition has to consider necessary effort on the agricultural and environmental management more precised,directed, and accurated. Therefore, identification and characterization of sources of degradation and pollution, and analyses on issues raised in the field to form strategic effort on agricultural environmental management. The deterioration of soil productivity could be managed by applying soil conservation and land rehabilitation techniques through integrated management of related governments, institutions, and farmers/people. The pollution on soil and plant need quality standard criterium for heavy metals, and the values could be determined and difined for Indonesia condition. Critical levels of heavy metals in the soil could be used as a guide for implementation of law imporcement. Industrial waste which is polluted rivers and water bodies could be easly predicted, due tospesific industry resulted chemical contents of liquid waste similar with content of raw materials. Inappropiate land management could accelerate increasing green house gases in the atmosphere, and would be caused global warming as well. Excessive carbondioxide emission could be controlled by sequistrated CO2 through revegetation and rehabilitation of degraded land. Methane (CH4) and nitrousoxide (N2O) emission from lowland rice could be controlled by reduction its planting areas and substitute by non rice commodites, appropiate and better water management, and slow release nitrogen fertilizer application
Teknologi Peningkatan Efisiensi Pemupukan K pada Tanah-tanah yang Didominasi Smektit
Get PDFABSTRAK. Tanah-tanah yang didominasi mineral liat smektit mempunyai penyebaran yang cukup luas di tanah air, yaitu lebih dari 2,12 juta ha (Vertisol sekitar 2,12 juta ditambah Inceptisol dan Alfisol yang bersubgrup vertik). Tanah ini umumnya mengandung K total tinggi tapi hanya sebagian kecil K tanah dapat segera tersedia untuk tanaman sehingga efisiensi pemupukan K masih rendah. Makalah ini membahas beberapa teknologi yang dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan K pada tanah tersebut. Salah satu aspek penting dalam upaya peningkatan efisiensi pemupukan K adalah pemanfaatan K yang terdapat dalam tanah untuk mengurangi kebutuhan pupuk K yang harus ditambahkan dari pupuk. Cara ini cukup efektif terutama untuk tanah-tanah yang didominasi oleh mineral liat smektit karena umumnya tanah ini mengandung K total tinggi tapi tanaman masih tetap mengahadapi masalah kekahatan K. Penggunaan tanaman yang akarnya banyak mengeluarkan eksudat asam organik dan pupuk yang mengandung kation NH4+, Na+, dan Fe3+ merupakan teknologi yang sesuai dan efektif meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan pupuk K untuk tanah-tanah tersebut. ABSTRACT. Distribution of smectitic soils in Indonesia is quite large, i.e. more than 2.12 million ha consisting of about 2.12 million ha of Vertisols and some vertic subgroup of Alfisols and Inceptisols. The soils commonly contain high amount of total K, however it’s availability is still low so that the efficiency of K fertilizer in the soils is low as well. The paper discuss several technologies which could increase the efficiency of K fertilizer in smectitic soils. The use of potential K occuring in soils is one alternative to increase the efficiency of K in order to reduce K requirement from fertilizer. This attempt is quite effective for smectitic soils because they already contain high amount of total K but the plants still suffer K deficiency problem. Use of plants with their roots can produce a lot of organic acid exudates as well as fertlizer containing NH4+, Na+, and Fe3+ cations are the suitable and effective technologies to increase the efficiency of K fertilizer in smectitic soils.
Land Resource Potential for Agricultural Commodity Development in West Kalimantan Province
Get PDFWest Kalimantan province with total areas of 14.64 million ha has already had spatial database of land resources at scale of 1:250,000 resulted from reconnaissance soil mapping (2004-2007). This database can be used for composing agricultural planing at province level. The area is composed of wetland ecosystem which covers 3,659,736 ha (24.99%), drylands with <15% slopes covers 4,356,790 (29.74%) and >15% slopes covers 6,441,956 ha (44.0%). The coverage of existing landuse for agriculture is only about 13.85% of the total area. In general, the area belongs to wet climate with average annual rainfall varies from 2,663 to 4,191 mm, and belongs to A, B1, and C agroclimatic zones. The area has various kinds of parent materials consisting of alluvium, organic matter deposit, old volcanic rocks, intrusive rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks that formed soil orders of Histosols, Entisols, Inceptisols, Spodosols, Ultisols, and Oxisols, which give variation in their properties. The result of the land resource potential analysis for agricultural commodity development is directed to: (a) land intensification for rice fields covers about 221,381ha, upland food crops (maize, upland rice, legumes, tuber crops) covers 173,581 ha, annual or estate crops (rubber, oil palms, coconut, pepper, and coffea) including fruit crops covers 570,266 ha, and for brackish fishpond covers 7,394 ha, and (b) land extensification for rice fields covers 869,133 ha, upland food crops 1,316,058 ha, estate crops (oil palm, rubber, coconut, pepper, coffea) covers 3,098,269 ha (as first priority at 15-25% slopes) and 1,300,374 ha (as second priority at 25-40% slopes), and for brackish fishponds covers 25,437 ha. The availability of spatial land resource information to develop high economic value of agricultural commodities, especially estate crops, would support establishing growth centre of agribusiness and agroindustry in the area
Land Capability Classification For Land Evaluation : A Review
Get PDFLand capability classification has been used for land evaluation for various purposes in many countries in the world. Since developed by the United States Department of Agriculture as a part of the programme to control soil erosion, the land capability classification has been further developed by a number of authors in many countries to suit their requirements. Of the numerous land capability classification have been published, fourteen are selected to be reviewed. The results shows that the aims of the various land capability classification schemes are generally similar: to evolve methodology whereby land may be evaluated for a particular land use purposes. Most of the methodologies were designed mainly for evaluating the capability of land for agriculture, either in narrow (specific) or in broad terms (including forestry, pasture, etc). Three methods of evaluation of data can be identified: Firstly, descriptive methods whereby capability classes or other categories are descriptive solely in words. Secondly, rating, grading or indexing system whereby each attribute is assigned a rate, grade or index and the capability class or other category is defined in terms of the sum of the weighted scores. Thirdly, quantitative methods whereby the relationships between variables are defined in terms of an equation used to obtain a score or index which defines the capability class or other categories. The capability methods also vary both as hierarchical systems and in terms of the number of categories used. They are also vary in terms of scale, and some do not even specify the scales used. Although substantial differences are found among the methodologies in terms of their purposes and detailed procedures, these are all broadly similar in terms of the general approach and activities involved
Perencanaan Penggunaan Lahan di Daerah Tangkapan Air (DTA) Waduk Batutegi untuk Mengurangi Sedimentasi
Get PDFABSTRAK. Waduk memiliki berbagai fungsi diantaranya sebagai sumber air untuk irigasi dan domestik, sebagai pembangkit tenaga listrik dan sebagai tempat wisata. Mengingat pentingnya fungsi waduk, pengelolaan terhadap daerah tangkapan air dari waduk tersebut harus dilakukan dengan tepat. Perubahan penggunaan lahan akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap kondisi waduk. Hal umum yang sering terjadi pada saat pengelolaan lahan tidak sesuai dengan kemampuan dan kesesuaian lahan, dan tidak terdapat upaya konservasi tanah dan air, maka erosi permukaan meningkat dan berdampak terhadap tingginya sedimentasi di waduk. Tulisan ini menyajikan tinjauan tentang perencanaan penggunaan lahan di Sub DAS Way Jantan yang merupakan salah satu daerah tangkapan air (DTA) waduk Batutegi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan lahan merupakan faktor utama yang dapat menentukan sedimen yang terangkut sungai dan masuk kedalam waduk. Peningkatan curah hujan dan erosivitas hujan (EI30) dapat meningkatkan besarnya aliran permukaan (runoff) dan sedimen di waduk Batutegi. Sedangkan perubahan penggunaan lahan dari semak belukar, kebun campuran, dan kebun kopi menjadi hutan dapat menurunkan sedimen waduk. Untuk mengurangi sedimentasi waduk Batutegi, perencanaan penggunaan lahan yang diusulkan yaitu 13-16% dari total luas Sub DAS Way Jantan berupa 79% tanaman tahunan (kopi), 5% sawah, 8% semak belukar, masing-masing 4% pemukiman dan hutan. Model prediksi untuk mengetahui perubahan aliran permukaan, sedimen, dan erosi akibat perubahan penggunaan lahan dapat dijadikan dasar dalam perencanaan penggunaan lahan di DTA waduk.ABSTRACT. Reservoir has various functions such as water sources for irrigation and domestic, hydro electrical power plant and a tourism. Given the importance of reservoir function, management of catchment areas of reservoirs should be done properly. Land use changes will greatly affect the condition of the reservoir. Common problems that often occur when land use is not based on land capability and suitability, and there is no soil and water conservation efforts, were increased surface erosion resulting the high sedimentation in the reservoir. This paper presented an overview of land use planning in Way Jantan Sub Watershed as a reservoir Batutegi catchment area.The results showed that land use is a major factor that determine the transported sediment into rivers and reservoirs. The increase of precipitation and rainfall erosivity (EI30) can increase the amount of runoff and sediment in the Batutegi reservoir. While the land use change of shrubs, mix garden, and coffee plantations into forests can reduce sediment in reservoirs. To reduce reservoir sedimentation of Batutegi, the proposed land use planning that is 13-16% of the total area of Way Jantan sub watershed such as 79% of annual crops (coffee), 5% of rice field, 8% of shrubs, 4% of forest and settlements respectively. Prediction models to assess surface runoff, sediment, and erosion attributed by land use changes can be used as basis for land use planning in the catchment area of reservoir
Agrometeorological Data and Rainfall Forecasting for Crop Simulation
Get PDFAgricultural production is one of the most weather sensitive human activities that depend on daily atmospheric conditions. This review attempts to describe the meteorological data for crop requirements, some techniques of climate prediction and its use for crop simulations. Despite the rapid progress achieved in forecasting technology lately, further works are necessary for the real application. The amount and distribution of the rainfall in the coming season is necessary for planning crop cultivation particularly when climate anomaly arises. In agriculture the efforts to bridge the gap, climate forecasting results are the main input in crop simulation, especially for water and agro-climate management and cropping calendar
Rice Field Necessity to Sufficient Production of Food Material
Get PDFIndonesian population from year to year increasing, with growth of about 1.5%/year, thus pushing food demands continues to increase. Particularly agricultural land especially rice field, covering an area in 2005 reached 7.89 million hectares was not able to meet the food needs of Indonesia, so that needs to be supplemented by imports which in the last decade it has increased. The need for food began to increase and in the year 2020 deficit is estimated to occur if there is no additional production of 1.1 million tons of rice or equivalent to 1.8 million tons of GKG. In 2050 demand for rice will reach 48.2 million tons, an increase of 145%. Commodity corn and soybeans are expected to occured a deficit each of 2.2 million tons and 2.5 million tons in 2050. To sufficient the necessity of food until the year 2050, assuming that the conversion of rice land could be reduced to 60,000hectares/year, required the new rice fields of about 1,6-2,4 million hectares in 2020 and the cumulative area until the year 2050 is 6.0 million hectares.The potential availability of land for extensification of rice field in Indonesia is 8.28 million hectares, consists of 2.98 million hectares swamp rice field and 5.30 million hectares of non swamp rice field. The largest potential development are in Papua, Kalimantan, and Sumatra, each of 5.19 million hectares, 1.39 million hectares, and 0.96 million hectares. Rice field extensification strategies can be done through land use potential rice fields in the irrigation areas, abandoned rice field optimization in the tidal swamp and inland swamp, and extensification of rice field region scale in area large potential like Papua and Kalimantan
Argicultural Land Tidal Swamp and Development Strategy Era of Regional Autonomy
No full textSwamp land is one of natural resources which must be utilized wisely. Swamp land is able to be a growth resource that supports economic development and people welfare. In the autonomy era which has delegated a large authority to the regency administration, however, the tidal swamp land management has to consider the specific of land properties and characteristics. Land use policy should not be performed through a number of activities which can cause dramatically changes that has negative impact to environment qualities in the entire swamp system in the area. Swamp land utilization for agriculture should be recommended for sustainable agriculture that capable to grant the sustainability in terms of production and friendly environment. To approach the sustainability as mention above, it needs several strategies in swamp land management, including: (1) Detail land resources mapping, (2) Land suitability mapping followed by development of suitable commodities, (3) Soil amelioration and improvement of irrigation net work, (4) Specific location technology development, (5) Improvement and empowerment farm community cappabilities, (6) Infrastructure and agribusiness institution development. The implementation of these strategies needs effective work synchronization and coordination starting from planning towards field work among the related institution, in order to effective works in swamp land management can be reache
Characteristics of Spodosols, Limitation and Usage Potential
Get PDFSpodosols characterized by the presence of spodic and albic horizons, are problem soils due to low productivity, coarse texture and low nutrient status. This soil was generally covered by alang-alang or shrub and bush. The soils were generally distributed in cold climate or wet tropical areas with high rainfall. The objectives of this paper were to discuss the characteristics ofSpodosols in Kalimantan and Sumatra and the possibility of their utilization. In Indonesia, this soil is found in Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Sumatra, and Papua Islands. Parent materials of the soils were originated from quartz sand, sediment or acid sedimentary rocks (quartz sandstone) with low nutrients status. Physiographically, the soils were distributed in alluvial plain, colluvial, sand beach, sand dune, tectonic plain and sandstone plateau on elevation of 5 to >1,500 m asl, with flat to nearly undulating relieves. The soil physical properties were characterized by coarse texture and the presence of root limiting layer such as fragipan, duripan, or placic horizon (organo-metal complex) with various depth. The soil chemical properties were characterized by acid soil reaction, very low exchangeable bases, P and K nutrient, and mineral reserve. Cation exchange capacity of the soils depends on their soil organic matter content. Based on the soil characteristics, most Spodosols were not suitable for agricultural land development. Therefore the Spodosols usages should be directed not only for production increases but also for environmental healthiness and soilcare. The Spodosols land that have been opened needs to be optimally used in order to increase soil quality through appropriate soil and plant management. The new land cleared for agriculture and production forest needs carefully actions with localizing the Spodosols distribution in order to maintain the natural vegetations as conservation forest or recreation areas