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Local Wisdom to Overcome Covid-19 Pandemic of Urug and Cipatat Kolot Societies in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
Full text linkLocal wisdom can be interpreted as principles of life, behaviour, rules, and punishments, as well as a view of life that regulate life, so that it can regulate and managing natural resources in the natural, social, and economic environments. Even local knowledge have adapted to environment obstacle. This research aims to investigate traditionally local knowledge for confronting Covid-19 pandemic. The method used is qualitative with an ethnography approach and literature review. Data are collected through in-depth interviews with leaders of Urug and Cipatat Kolot societies. In order to investigate Baduy and Ciptagelar communities used a literature review. Data are supported by documentation and observation sources. The sample is selected using a purposive sampling technique. The result is analysed through triangulation, which is by mixing some gathered data methods. The result is that Urug society allocates rice each year from their paddy yields to the vulnerable groups such as orphans, elderlies, widows, and persons need most. Secondly, collective action is used to jump the capacity of people like women through nujuh bulanan. Thirdly, societies exert taboo to combat disaster and Covid-19, including by prohibiting community from trading paddies and rice. Another finding is that indigenous knowledge uses some life strategies and utilizes natural capital optimally for overcoming life perturbances. The last finding is that local knowledge has preserved agriculture jobs as a venue to survive
GIS-based Flood Susceptibility Mapping Using Overlay Method in Central Sulawesi
No full textCentral Sulawesi is the largest province on the Sulawesi island with a dominant sloping topographic condition and has a variety of soil types, flow density, land use and rainfall that makes this region vulnerable to flooding. Flooding is a hydrometeorological disaster that will adversely affect aspects of human life such as social and economic activities in an area because it can cause environmental damage, casualties and disrupt economic activity. Because of its enormous impact, the purpose of this research study is to find out areas in the province of Central Sulawesi that are suscept to flooding. The method used in this research study is scoring the classification of flood hazard parameters such as slope level, elevation, soil type, rainfall, land use and flow density which are then overlay using ArcGis 10.2.2. The results obtained that the province of Central Sulawesi has three categories of areas suscept to flooding with a low category 6630.3 km2, moderate 46081.9 km2 and high category 7104.7 km2. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that Central Sulawesi province has a dominant level of vulnerability which is moderate
Comparison of Land Surface Temperature During and Before the Emergence of Covid-19 using Modis Imagery in Wuhan City, China
Full text linkCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) was firstly identified in Wuhan, China. By 23rd January 2020, China’s Government made a decision to execute lockdown policy in Wuhan due to the rapid transmission of COVID-19. It is essential to investigate the land surface temperature (LST) dynamics due to changes in level of anthropogenic activities. Therefore, this study aims (1) to investigate mean LST differences between during, i.e., December 2019 to early March 2020, and before the emergence of COVID-19 in Wuhan; (2) to conduct spatio-temporal analysis of mean LST with regards to lockdown policy; and (3) to examine mean LST differences for each land cover type. MODIS data consist of MOD11A2 and MCD12Q1 were employed. The results showed that during the emergence of COVID-19 with lockdown policy applied, the mean LST was lower than the mean LST of the past three years on the same dates. Whereas, during the emergence of COVID-19 without lockdown policy applied, the mean LST was relatively higher than the mean LST of the past three years. In addition, the mean LST of built-up areas experienced the most significant differences between during the emergence of COVID-19 with lockdown policy applied in comparison to the average of the past three years
Suitable Proportion Sample of Holdout Validation for Spatial Rainfall Interpolation in Surrounding the Makassar Strait
Full text linkSpatial rainfall interpolation requires a number of suitable validation samples to maintain accuracy. Generally, the larger the areas which can be predicted, the better the interpolation. In addition, the data used for validation should be separated from the modelling data. Moreover, the number of samples determine optimally proportion the independent sites. The objective of this study is to determine the optimal sample ratio for holdout validation in interpolation methods; the Makassar Strait was chosen as the study location because of its daily rainfall variation. The accuracy of the sample selection is tested using correlation, root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and the indicators of contingency tables. The results show that accuracy depends on the ratio of the modelling data. Therefore, the more extensive the data used for interpolation, the better the accuracy. Otherwise, if the rain gauge data is separated according to province, there will be a variation in accuracy in the portion of independent samples. For rainfall interpolation, it is recommended to use a minimum 75% of data sites to maintain accuracy. Comparison between kriging and inverse distance weighting or IDW methods indicates that IDW is better. Moreover, rainfall characteristics affect the accuracy and portion of the independent sample
Land Price Mapping in the Northern Suburbs of Bandung City
Full text linkThe Northern Suburbs of Bandung City are the areas affected by the expansion of Bandung City. In fact, one of the impacts of the expansion is the increase in land prices on the Northern Suburbs of Bandung. This present study aims at mapping the land prices and finding out factors affecting the land prices on the Northern Suburbs of Bandung. The method used in this study was a descriptive approach by explaining the results of the field analysis. The data were collected by interviewing 120 respondents accidentally in all villages bordering Bandung City. The data were analyzed using percentage analysis and spatial modelling. The results showed that the most expensive land price in 2019 could be found in Cimenyan District, specifically located in Ciburial Village at the price of Rp. 3,437,000 per square meters, in Lembang District, particularly in Lembang Village at the price of Rp. 5,000,000 per square meters, and in Parongpong District, particularly in Ciwaruga Village at the price of Rp. 4,312,500 per square meter. The increased land prices in the Northern Suburbs of Bandung City is caused by the ease of accessibility, the establishment of many luxury settlements, and tourism sites
Preliminary Assessment of Morphometric and Hydrological Properties of Six Watersheds in the Eastern Part of East Java
No full textA hydrological process on the watersheds is driven by rainfall as the input. Physical properties also affect the magnitude response of the watershed to produce run-off. This paper presents the identification, assessment and visualisation of morphometric and hydrological properties of the watersheds. Six watersheds in the eastern part of East Java were used for the analysis. Physical characteristics obtained by cropping the GIS layer with a watershed. Topographic and morphometric properties of the watersheds derived from the ASTER G-DEM2. Furthermore, hydrological properties are derived statistically by analysing available rainfall and discharge data. Hydrological data (rainfall and discharge) are available from 1996 – 2014. Finally, simple statistical analysis by plotting obtained values are used to interpret the relation between morphometric and hydrological properties of the watersheds. The results show the quantitative number (unit) to describe the morphometric and hydrological properties of the six watersheds that can be used for watershed classification
Coastal Evolution, Geomorphic Processes and Sedimentary Records in the Anthropocene
Full text linkThe question of whether or not we agree with the term Anthropocene becomes inconsequential when examining coastal environments. With few exceptions, anthropogenic encroachment on, and reshaping of, the global coastal zone is evident from space via multiple spectral views. Humans have become one of the dominant agents of coastal system change during the latest part of their relatively short existence, and nowhere is the humanization of coastal landscapes more evident than on islands. Using three island nations characterized by different stages and styles of coastal development – New Zealand, Japan, and Indonesia - we investigate the role of anthropogenic activity in coastal evolution, geomorphology and sediment records. Using field investigations, Geographical Information System (GIS) analyses, and mathematical and conceptual models, we reveals how anthropogenic activity influences processes at multiple time and space scales, with enduring effects. Our first anthropogenic impact investigation focusses on the potential effects of sea level rise (SLR) due to anthropogenic climate change. Using the earthquake-induced land-subsidence experienced in Christchurch, New Zealand, as a relative SLR example (‘Laboratory Christchurch’), evidence shows that coastal settlements are likely to be impacted not only at the shore but further inland via coast- connected waterways, where drainage is impeded due to an increase in the base level of that is the sea. Relative SLR makes it more difficult to evacuate water from subaerial and subsurface hydrosystems, and simulations show that future SLR is also likely to temporarily reduce some rivermouth sediment discharges, creating the potential for accelerated erosion in river-coast interface environments. In addition to flow-on effects from waterways, coastlines themselves have been highly affected by human activity over recent decades to centuries. In Tokyo, the shoreline has undergone artificial progradation, in places by more than 2 km, where concrete has supplanted mudflats, often at elevations above the hinterland of reclaimed areas. In addition to changes in Tokyo’s unconsolidated shores, consolidated coastal cliffs have been modified with the removal of natural talus buffers, again increasing the potential for erosion acceleration. Finally, in our third example, studies of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the 2011 Tohoku tsunami show that anthropogenic activities and structures play an important role in controlling the erosion and depostion of sediments during extreme events. A chronology of tsunami deposits from the Tohoku coast shows that sedimentary records from tsunami events have become thinner in recent centuries, independent of the incident tsunami wave hydrodynamics, and in relation to increasing levels of coastal plain, shoreline and nearshore development. In light of these multi-scale and multi-process effects, we argue that the Anthropocene is clearly distinguishable from the Holocene in coastal environments due to the significantly stronger signatures of human influence that characterise the former time period
A Comparative Study of various Indices for extraction urban impervious surface of Landsat 8 OLI
Full text linkImpervious surface is one of the major land cover types of urban and suburban environment. Conversion of rural landscapes and vegetation area to urban and suburban land use is directly related to the increase of the impervious surface area. The impervious surface expansion is straight-lined with decreasing green spaces in urban areas. Impervious surface is one of indicator for detecting urban heat islands. This study compares various indices for mapping impervious surfaces using Landsat 8 OLI imagery by optimizing the different spectral characteristics of Landsat 8 OLI imagery. The research objectives are (1) to apply various indices for impervious surface mapping and (2) identifies impervious surfaces in urban areas based on multiple indices and provide recommendations and find the best index for mapping impervious surface in urban areas. In addition to utilizing the index, land use supervised classification method, maximum likelihood classification used for extracting built-up, and non-built-up areas. Accuracy assessment of this research used field data collection as primary data for calculating kappa coefficient, producer accuracy, and user accuracy. The study can also be extended to find the land surface temperature and correlate the impervious surface extraction data with urban heat islands
Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution in Kasihan District, Bantul Regency, Indonesia
Full text linkThe groundwater vulnerability to pollution refers to the ease of pollutants reaching groundwater, so the groundwater will be polluted. The concept shows a probability that pollution will occured which basically bases on the assumption that the physical environment can prevent the flow of pollutants into the aquifer. The purpose of this study was to predict the vulnerability of groundwater in the study area against pollution. To achieve these objectives beside base on secondary data, also measured the depth of phreatic surface, slope and groundwater sampling. Location of measurement and sampling is determinated by considering location of infiltration measurement ever done by Purnama in 2017. To conduct groundwater vulnerability analysis on pollution in the study area, carried out by SINTACS Method which bases on a numerical system of weight and rating. Weight are determined based on the significance of the effect of the parameters on groundwater pollution, while the rating is determined based on the significance of the influence of variables in each parameters against groundwater pollution. As a result, it is known that groundwater vulnerability indeks in research area range from 117,0 to 189,9. According to criteria of SINTACS, the value are classified as moderate vulnerability and rather high vulnerability. Areas that include moderate levels of vulnerability generally located in Sentolo Formations that consist of limestone and has grumusol soil type. Areas that classified as rather high vulnerability is located in Yogyakarta Formation that consist of volcanic rock and has regosol soil type. Based on this phenomena, it can be said that geological aspect and type of soil greatly affect the vulnerability of groundwater to pollution in the research area
Erratum: An Exploration of Food Insecurity, Poverty, Livelihood and Local Food Potentials in Kulon Progo Regency, Indonesia
Full text linkThis erratum aims to revise a mistake from the previous article (Widiyanto, 2018). The mistake is mainly about the presentation of a table for the Appendix 3, i.e. Local Food Production Potential. There was a mistake for the Ngestiharjo village Local Food Production Potential figure, particularly for the tuber/uwi (column 8th). The correct value for this is provided here