Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan
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Pengaruh Delignifikasi Termal Terhadap Substansi Dinding Sel Pada Limbah Bunga Jantan Kelapa Sawit Pasca Anthesis (The Influence of Thermal Delignification of Cell Substantials for The Waste of Oil Palm Mail Flowers Post Anthesis)
Full text linkThe post anthesis of male oil palm is one of the under utilized solid wastes, with potential for processing into biofuel or bioethanol, as a welcome alternative to fossil fuels The purpose of this study is to determine the best levels and the effect of several thermal delignification cycles on the levels of lignin, holocellulose, and cellulose. This research used a one factor completely randomized design method with 3 treatments; one, two, and three cycle thermal delignification and data analyzed has a 5% variance. The results showed that the treatment of thermal delignification with several cycles had a significant effect on the levels of lignin, holocellulose, and cellulose. The best levels of lignin, holocellulose and cellulose were shown in the treatment of three cycles of thermal delignification.ABSTRACT The oil palm male flowers post anthesis is one of the solid wasted of oil palm which has not been much utilized. It can be used by processing into biofuel or bioethanol and to be alternative for fossil fuels whose availability is increasingly scarce. The purpose of this study were to determine the effect of several cycles of thermal delignification on the levels of lignin, holocellulose, and cellulose and to determine the best levels of lignin, holocellulose, and cellulose from the treatment of several thermal delignification cycles. This study used a one factor completely randomized design method with 3 treatments; one, two, and three cycle thermal delignification. Each treatments were three replications. Data were analized with analysis of variance with α 5 %, if there was a significant treatment effect, the further analysis using Tukey test. The results showed that the treatment of thermal delignification with several cycles had a significant effect on the levels of lignin, holocellulose, and cellulose. The best levels of lignin, holocellulose and cellulose were shown in the treatment of three cycles of thermal delignification.Keywords: bioethanol, cellulose, hemicellulose, holocellulose, ligni
Pengaruh Pupuk Hayati Berbasis Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular dan Rhizobakteri Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cocoa L.)
Full text linkOne effort to improve quality of cocoa seedlings is application of bio fertilizer during the nursery. Nutrient supply is essential for growth and development of cocoa seedlings at nursery and field after transplanting. The aim of this research is to determine effect of bio fertilizer application to growth of cocoa seedlings. The study used a completetly randomized design with 4 treatments and 15 replications. The treatments were no fertilization (P1), chemical fertilization (P2), bio fertilizer every 2 weeks (P3) and bio fertilizer every 1 month (P4). The result showed that application of bio fertilizer every 2 weeks and 1 month can increase height, diameter and dry weight of cocoa seedlings on first until fourth months after fertilization. The Mycorrhizal Dependency (MD) of cocoa seedlings was classified as moderately dependent (27,04–45,86%). The highest colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on roots cocoa resulted by P4 treatment about 33,92%
Etno-Agronomi Budidaya Kopi yang Toleran Variabilitas Curah Hujan
Full text linkWest Lampung Regency still survives as the central area of coffee production in Lampung Province while production of other districts so far are declining. This research aims to study the ethno-agronomy of coffee cultivation in West Lampung which is tolerant to rainfall variability. This research was a survey located in Sumberjaya District and Sekincau District, West Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia year 2018—2019 which from each subdistrict two villages was selected purposively and from each village one farmer group was chosen. Primary data were collected through interview, Focused Group Discussion (FGD), and observation of coffee farm. Secondary data were obtained from the BPS Lampung and rainfall data from Radin Intan Climate Station. The results showed that the area of coffee plantations in West Lampung in the last decade has decreased by 0,64% per year but productivity has increased by 1,42% per year, and in West Lampung, which is a mountainous region, the number of rainy days was negatively correlated with coffee yield while the number of dry months was positively correlated. Whereas in North Lampung, which is a medium elevation area, coffee productivity correlated with sufficient rainfall and productivity was negatively correlated with the number of dry months of the previous year. Coffee farmers in West Lampung have perception the need for various adaptation measures of coffee farm maintenance, which grafting adult coffee tree with superior local robusta clones is a typical ethno-agronomy practiced by coffee farmers in West Lampung to obtain high coffee yield
Pengaruh Kombinasi Jenis Pupuk Kandang dan Tingkat Kehalusan Zeolite pada Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.)
Full text linkProviding manure can not only increase the availability of nutrients but also support the growth of microorganisms. Zeolite has a high CEC, which results in the media being able to bind water and nutrients added to the soil. This study aims to get the best type of manure on cocoa seedling growth, get the effect of zeolite smoothness on the growth of cocoa seedlings, and find out the interaction of the composition of manure and zeolite on the growth of cocoa seedlings. The research was conducted at Experimental Garden of Politeknik Negeri Lampung, from December 2017 to May 2018. The method used was the factorial pattern randomized block design (RBD) which consisted of two factors. The first factor consists of three levels, namely without manure, 200 g chicken manure, and 200 g goat manure. The second factor consisted of three levels, namely zeolite size (without zeolite, zeolite size 30 mesh, and zeolite size 16 mesh). Observation variables were plant height, leaves number, stem diameter, shoot dry weight, soil pH, and soil CEC. The results showed that manure did not show an effect on plant height, stem diameter, and leaves number, but had an effect on soil pH and soil CEC. The level of zeolite smoothness does not affect plant height, stem diameter, leaves number, and soil pH, but affects soil CEC the 16 mesh size of compared to 30 mesh size. There is no interaction on types of manure and size of zeolite fineness of plant height, stem diameter, leaves number, shoot dry weight, soil soil pH, and soil CEC
Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) terhadap Fusarium oxysporum pada Kecambah Kelapa Sawit
Full text linkFusarium oxysporum is a pathogen that causes wilt in oil palm and can cause oil palm sprout decay. The study aimed to determine the effectivity of mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) in inhibiting the growth of Fusarium oxysporum in vitro and in vivo. The research was conducted in November 2017 to June 2018 at the Politeknik Negeri Lampung. The method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments, namely the concentration of mangosteen peel extract 0% (control), 15%, 30%, 45%,and 60%. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and further tests of mean values using the LSD test. The results showed that mangosteen peel extract affected the percentage of inhibitory zone extract in Fusarium oxysporum in vitro at concentrations of 15%, 30%, and 45% respectively at 25,92%, 29,06% and 35,95%. The treatment of mangosteen peel extract also affected the percentage of disease incidence and number of leaves in in vivo testing
Tingkat Persaingan Eksportir Utama Lada Dunia
Full text linkIndonesia's pepper growth rate tends to decrease compared to the growth rate of world pepper demand. This is due to the decline in production in Indonesia in recent years. This has an impact on the amount offered by Indonesia to meet the needs of the world. Indonesia's inability to compete with other countries makes Indonesia's position in taking on the growth of the world's hopes can be used by other countries. This situation can change Indonesia's position and competitiveness in trade on the international market. This study aims to analyze the level of competition between countries by using Revealed Comparative Auntungan (RCA and Dynamics Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA). The results of the study show that during the 2011-2013 period the highest increase in competitiveness between countries during the other period was an increase Significant exports to the countries of Brazil, India and Pakistan which increased on the value of RCA. Delaying in the 2011-2013 and 2014-2016 periods was related to increasing countries increasing exports such as Indonesia, Brazil and India. Position of Indonesia in 2016 Enlarging free markets greater than the results of world exports, Indonesia must increase the country's competitiveness.Â
Beberapa Faktor Penentu Keberlanjutan Usaha Agroindustri Teh Rakyat
Full text linkAgroindustry tea smallholder who still survive until now in the area of Bandung Regency, namely agroindustry tea small holder Farmer of Group Barokah in the Village of Lebak Muncang, Subdistrict Ciwidey. This agroindustry persisted, although experiencing various problems, among others: a) have not received help from the government for the factory, the processing machine is limited, b) the lack of supply of raw materials, c) unmet condition of factory hygiene, d) no SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) written, e) the distribution of products is limited, f) marketing is not yet wide, and g) the presence of new competitors who buy raw materials higher. The purpose of this study is to describe several factors determining the sustainability of agroindustry tea small holder. The research technique was conducted through case study. The determination of informant is done purposively that is: staff of the department of agriculture, vice chairman of Farmers Group, manager agroindustry tea folk, farmer suppliers. Secondary data is collected from: documents in related institutions and journals. Data and information obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that several factors determining the sustainability of agroindustry tea small holderGroups of Farmers Barokah is: Â a) good product quality, b) the existence of grading process, c) the availability of raw materials continue, because the form of farmer, d) workers with a solid sense of family, e) finance is able to hire employees and buy raw materials in cash, f) customer loyalty, g) areas supportive for tea business activities, and h) promotional assistance from local government
Respons Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) terhadap Pemberian Dosis Slurry pada Ultisols Hajimena
Full text linkThis study aims to obtain the best slurry dosage for the growth of cocoa seedlings. This reaserch was conducted in the experimental garden, chemical analyzed laboratory, and soil laboratory of Politeknik Negeri Lampung on November 2017 until March 2018. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 doses of slurry (0 ml, 80 ml, 160 ml, 240 ml, 320 ml, and 400 ml). Observation variables in the form of premilinary observations abd observations during the study. Preliminary observations analyzed the levels of N, P, K, pH, and C-Organic on topsoil and slurry. Obsevation during the study were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, dry weight of shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and moisture content. The results showed that slurry doses did not affect on the cocoa seedling growth
Pengendalian Ulatgrayak (Spodoptera litura F.) dengan Ekstrak Ubi Gadung dan Ekstrak Buah Maja
Full text linkArmyworm (Spodoptera litura F.) is one of the important polyphag leaf pests that attacks almost all crops. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of various concentrations of bioinsecticide made of dioscorea tuber and aegle fruit extract on larval mortality. The research was conducted at the crop laboratory, Lampung State Polytechnic since October 2017 until December 2017. The experimental design is a completely randomized design with six treatments and four and replications. The parameters observed is mortality of armyworm larvae, which would then be analyzed using fingerprint of different varieties. That result showed that dioscorea tuber and aegle fruit extract has affected on larval mortality armyworm. Pure (100%) dioscorin tuber extract exhibited the highest larval mortality
Uji Kadar Hara Nitrogen, Fosfor, dan Kalium pada Kompos Pelepah Kelapa Sawit dengan Pemberian Trichoderma harzianum dan Kotoran Sapi
Full text linkPalm oil fronds is one of the wastes originating from the oil palm industry which are difficult to decompose. The right decomposer application is one of the success keys, if the oil palm fronds are processed into compost hence the expected quality of compost is achieved. This research aim was to determine the quality of oil palm fronds compost with Trichoderma harzianum and cow dung application based on N, P, K nutrients content, C-organic and C/N compost ratio. The research design used was factorial complete randomized design, the first factor was cow dung (0 kg, 1 kg, and 2 kg) and the second factor was Trichoderma harzianum (0 g, 50 g, and 100 g). Research observations included compost temperature, compost pH, N, P, K, C-organic, and C/N compost ratios. The results showed that the application of cow dung, Trichoderma harzianum and their interactions had no significant effect on N, P, K nutrient content, C-organic, and C/N compost ratios, as a whole, the observed compost characteristics met compost criteria based on SNI 7030-200