Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan
Not a member yet
446 research outputs found
Sort by
KERUSAKAN TEGAKAN TINGGAL AKIBAT PEMANENAN KAYU DI HUTAN ALAM RAWA GAMBUT (Residual Stand Damage Caused By Timber Harvesting in Natural Peat Swamp Forest)
Get PDFABSTRAKHutan rawa gambut memiliki fungsi sangat penting baik fungsi hidrologi, ekologi, ekonomi maupun sosial. Pada sisi lain, diduga bahwa kegiatan pemanenan hutan berpotensi dapat menurunkan fungsi tersebut. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pengukuran dan penghitungan secara akurat terhadap kerusakan tegakan tinggal di hutan rawa gambut di Provinsi Riau dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi kegiatan pemanenan hutan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kegiatan pemanenan hutan menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan tegakan tinggal berdiameter ≥ 10 cm sebesar 40% yang terdiri dari 20% akibat kegiatan penebangan pohon dan 20% akibat kegiatan penyaradan kayu. Kerusakan tegakan tinggal akibat pemanenan hutan dikelompokan menjadi kerusakan berat sebesar 77%, kerusakan sedang sebesar 14% dan kerusakan ringan sebesar 9%. ABSTRACTPeat swamp forest has important functions consisted all aspects of hydrology, ecology, economic and social. Meanwhile, timber harvesting activities can potencially reduce some punctions of peat swamp forest. Measurement and calculation on residual stand damage in natural peat swamp forest should be done accurately to evaluate implementation of timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest and to estimate forest carbon stock. The objective of the study is to measure trees damage in order to evaluate implementation of timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest. The study was conducted in the forest concession area of PT. Diamond Raya Timber, Riau Province, Indonesia. The study found that the damage of trees > 10 cm caused by timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest was 40%. It consisted of 20% caused by tree felling and 20% caused by timber skidding. The damage of trees > 10 cm caused by timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest classified as heavy damage of 77%, moderate damage of 14%, and light damage of 9%.ABSTRAKHutan rawa gambut memiliki fungsi sangat penting baik fungsi hidrologi, ekologi, ekonomi maupun sosial. Pada sisi lain, diduga bahwa kegiatan pemanenan hutan berpotensi dapat menurunkan fungsi tersebut. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pengukuran dan penghitungan secara akurat terhadap kerusakan tegakan tinggal di hutan rawa gambut di Provinsi Riau dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi kegiatan pemanenan hutan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kegiatan pemanenan hutan menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan tegakan tinggal berdiameter ≥ 10 cm sebesar 40% yang terdiri dari 20% akibat kegiatan penebangan pohon dan 20% akibat kegiatan penyaradan kayu. Kerusakan tegakan tinggal akibat pemanenan hutan dikelompokan menjadi kerusakan berat sebesar 77%, kerusakan sedang sebesar 14% dan kerusakan ringan sebesar 9%. ABSTRACTPeat swamp forest has important functions consisted all aspects of hydrology, ecology, economic and social. Meanwhile, timber harvesting activities can potencially reduce some punctions of peat swamp forest. Measurement and calculation on residual stand damage in natural peat swamp forest should be done accurately to evaluate implementation of timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest and to estimate forest carbon stock. The objective of the study is to measure trees damage in order to evaluate implementation of timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest. The study was conducted in the forest concession area of PT. Diamond Raya Timber, Riau Province, Indonesia. The study found that the damage of trees > 10 cm caused by timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest was 40%. It consisted of 20% caused by tree felling and 20% caused by timber skidding. The damage of trees > 10 cm caused by timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest classified as heavy damage of 77%, moderate damage of 14%, and light damage of 9%
PERBURUAN KASUARI (Casuarius spp.) SECARA TRADISIONAL OLEH MASYARAKAT SUKU NDUGA DI DISTRIK SAWAERMA KABUPATEN ASMAT (The traditional hunting of Kasuari (Casuarius sp.) by Nduga tribe in Sawaerma District, Asmat Regency)
Get PDFABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kegiatan perburuan kasuari secara tradisonal oleh masyarakat suku Nduga di Distrik Sawaerma, Kabupaten Asmat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perburuan kasuari oleh masyarakat suku Nduga di Distrik Sawaerma bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan protein hewani dan pendapatan ekonomi keluarga. Aktivitas berburu kasuari oleh masyarakat suku Nduga masih dilakukan secara tradisional dengan menggunakan alat-alat tradisional seperti parang, kapak dan busur, anak panah. Selain itu cara penangkapan kasuari dilakukan dengan jerat leher dan jerat kaki maupun bantuan anjing berburu. Kegiatan berburu kasuari dilakukan secara secara perorangan maupun kelompok sesuai dengan hak adat (dusun). Kegiatan berburu lebih banyak dilakukan pada pagi dan malam hari, terutama saat musim hujan. Jenis kasuari yang terdapat pada areal hutan di sekitar Distrik Sawaerma adalah Kasuari Gelambir Ganda (Casuarius-casuarius), Kasuari Gelambir Tunggal (Casuarius unppendiculatus), dan Kasuari Kerdil (Casuarius bennetti). Rata-rata jumlah hasil buruan kasuari yang mengunakan jerat kaki atau leher sebanyak 2-3 ekor/hari, sedangkan menggunakan anjing berburu 1-2 ekor/hari. ABSTRACTThe research was aimed to discribe how the Nduga tribe in Sawaerma district, Asmat Regency is hunting kasuari traditionally. Descriptive method with case study was employed in this research. The resultshave shown that the main purposes of hunting kasusari by Nduga tribe were to fulfill their own need of protein as well as family income. The Nduga tribe have hunted kasuari traditionally by using traditional tools including cleavers, axe, and arrow. In addition, this tribe also hunts kasuari using neck and feet trapsas well as hunting dogs.The result also showed that Nduga tribe hunted kasuari alone or in group, and they did it based on their land customary. The most hunting time were in the morning and evening especially during rainy seasons. Single wattle (Casuarius unppendiculatus),double wattle (Casuarius-casuarius),and dwarf (Casuarius bennetti) cassowaries were foundin the area. Average number of kasuari hunted using neck and feet trap was 2 – 3 individu per day, while using hunting dogs was 1 – 2 individu per day.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kegiatan perburuan kasuari secara tradisonal oleh masyarakat suku Nduga di Distrik Sawaerma, Kabupaten Asmat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perburuan kasuari oleh masyarakat suku Nduga di Distrik Sawaerma bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan protein hewani dan pendapatan ekonomi keluarga. Aktivitas berburu kasuari oleh masyarakat suku Nduga masih dilakukan secara tradisional dengan menggunakan alat-alat tradisional seperti parang, kapak dan busur, anak panah. Selain itu cara penangkapan kasuari dilakukan dengan jerat leher dan jerat kaki maupun bantuan anjing berburu. Kegiatan berburu kasuari dilakukan secara secara perorangan maupun kelompok sesuai dengan hak adat (dusun). Kegiatan berburu lebih banyak dilakukan pada pagi dan malam hari, terutama saat musim hujan. Jenis kasuari yang terdapat pada areal hutan di sekitar Distrik Sawaerma adalah Kasuari Gelambir Ganda (Casuarius-casuarius), Kasuari Gelambir Tunggal (Casuarius unppendiculatus), dan Kasuari Kerdil (Casuarius bennetti). Rata-rata jumlah hasil buruan kasuari yang mengunakan jerat kaki atau leher sebanyak 2-3 ekor/hari, sedangkan menggunakan anjing berburu 1-2 ekor/hari. ABSTRACTThe research was aimed to discribe how the Nduga tribe in Sawaerma district, Asmat Regency is hunting kasuari traditionally. Descriptive method with case study was employed in this research. The resultshave shown that the main purposes of hunting kasusari by Nduga tribe were to fulfill their own need of protein as well as family income. The Nduga tribe have hunted kasuari traditionally by using traditional tools including cleavers, axe, and arrow. In addition, this tribe also hunts kasuari using neck and feet trapsas well as hunting dogs.The result also showed that Nduga tribe hunted kasuari alone or in group, and they did it based on their land customary. The most hunting time were in the morning and evening especially during rainy seasons. Single wattle (Casuarius unppendiculatus),double wattle (Casuarius-casuarius),and dwarf (Casuarius bennetti) cassowaries were foundin the area. Average number of kasuari hunted using neck and feet trap was 2 – 3 individu per day, while using hunting dogs was 1 – 2 individu per day
KAJIAN BENTUK DAN SENSITIVITAS RUMUS INDEKS PI, STORET, CCME UNTUK PENENTUAN STATUS MUTU PERAIRAN SUNGAI TROPIS DI INDONESIA (Assessment of the Forms and Sensitivity of the Index Formula PI, Storet, CCME for The Determination of Water Quality Status)
Get PDFABSTRAKMetode-metode Pollution Index (USA), metode Storet (USA) dan metode CCME (Canada) adalah metode indeks kualitas air (IKA) untuk penentuan status mutu air. Dua yang pertama banyak digunakan praktisi lingkungan di Indonesia karena dirujuk dalam Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 115/2013. Ketiganya dapat menghitung IKA dengan baku mutu kualitas air lokal sungai kajian. Mengingat negara penyusun metode tersebut berbeda kondisi lingkungannya dan masing-masing metode mempunyai faktor spesifik untuk menghitung IKA, maka perlu dikaji kesesuaian masing-masing metode untuk diterapkan di sungai tropis Indonesia. Masing-masing metode akan dikaji bentuk persamaan dan sensitivitasnya dengan menggunakan banyak parameter kualitas air dan menggunakan jumlah parameter kualitas air tertentu mengacu pada metode IKA yang dikembangkan di negara tropis lainnya. Kajian menggunakan data pemantauan “Prokasih” di sungai Gadjah Wong Yogyakarta tahun 1996/1997 - 2011/2012. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam rangka menyusun metode IKA sungai tropis Indonesia pada umumnya dan di sungai Gadjah Wong khususnya serta program pengelolaan kualitas air untuk pengendalian pencemaran air sungai, dengan target konservasi air sungai yang multifungsi atau overall/general use(memenuhi kriteria kesehatan air baku, memenuhi kriteria estetika serta kriteria ekologi/aman bagi kehidupan di perairan). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa dibandingkan 2 metode lainnya, metode CCME dinilai paling obyektif (secara statistik) menghitung IKA perairan sungai Gadjah Wong. CCME paling sensitif merespon dinamika indeks mutu air di setiap lokasi pemantauan, lebih universal untuk dapat diaplikasikan di luar negara penyusunnya. Namun untuk diaplikasikan di sungai Gadjah Wong, metode CCME perlu diadaptasi terhadap beberapa hal yaitu jumlah dan jenis parameter kualitas air yang dianggap signifikan, jumlah dan kelas mutu air. Adaptasi mempertimbangkan program pengendalian pencemaran air dan strategi operasional/manajemen aliran sungai yang ekologis dan berkelanjutan. Skor batas dan makna setiap kelas mutu air dalam IKA harus diverifikasi terhadap data lingkungan lain misal hasil biotilik ataupun bioassay sehingga status indeks kualitas air tidak bertentangan dengan kondisi biologi di sungai. Pelibatan parameter bakteriologi kualitas air (Escherichia Coli dan Total Coliform) serta Electric Conductivity/EC sebagai parameter kualitas air signifikan dalam metode IKA masih perlu dikaji lebih lanjut untuk pengembangan metode IKA khas perairan sungai di negara tropis Indonesia. ABSTRACTPollution Index method (USA), Storet method (USA) and CCME (Canada) method are water quality index (WQI) methods used to determine water quality status of a river, the first two are widely used by environmental practioners in Indonesia since it is referred by Environmental Ministry Regulation No. 115/2003. These methods can be used based on local water quality standard. Considering that the country of WQI methods were developed have different environmental condition and each method has its own characteristics to calculate the index, it is necessary to review a suitable WQI method for Indonesia tropical stream in general and for Gadjah Wong stream in particular. This research reviewed the form of the formula of each index, then analyze the sensitivity of each index by using many water quality parameters with and without bacteriology, and reducing the number of water quality parameters similar to those WQI index developed in other tropical countries. Indexes are reviewed using “Prokasih” (Clean River Program) monitoring data at Gadjah Wong stream from 1996/1997 to 2011/2012. Water quality statuses are reviewed in the contex of river water quality management for water pollution prevention, with the target of river water conservation which is “multifunction” or “overall/generall use” to meet health criteria for raw water, aesthetical criteria and ecological safety for aquatic life. Research conclusion showed that compared to the other 2 methods, CCME is considered as the most objective (statistically) to determine water quality index for river waters. It is also the most sensitive to respond to the dynamic of water quality index at each monitoring location (spatial & temporal). This method is also considered as more universally applicable outside of the country it was developed. To be applied at Gadjah Wong stream however, CCME index method needs to be adapted on the number and types of significant water quality parameters. The number of quality status classes of CCME index should be limited to simplify water quality management as well as ecological and sustainability of operational & management strategy. Score limit of every class and significance of water quality classes need to be verified againts other environmental data such as results from biomonitoring and bioassay, the status results of the water quality index should not contradict with the stream biological condition. The use of bacteriology (Escherichia Coli and Total Coliform) and Electrical Conductivity/EC water quality parameters as criteria should be further reviewed for development of WQI method specific for Indonesia tropical strea
MONITORING RESISTENSI POPULASI Plutella xylostella, L TERHADAP RESIDU EMAMEKTIN BENZOAT DI SENTRA PRODUKSI TANAMAN KUBIS PROPINSI JAWA TENGAH (Monitoring the Resistance of Plutella xylostella, L Population against Emamektin Benzoate Residues)
Get PDFABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepekaan populasi lapangan Plutella xylostella terhadap residu dari insektisida emamektin benzoat, menetapkan konsentrasi diagnostik untuk memonitor perkembangan resistensi populasi P. xylostella terhadap insektisida emamektin benzoat, dan untuk menentukan mekanisme resistensi P. xylostella terhadap insektisida tersebut. P. xylostella dikoleksi dari sepuluh Kecamatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah sejak Agustus 2010 sampai September 2012. Data dari uji bioassay dianalisis dengan probit analisis untuk mendapatkan nilai LC50. Hasil uji kepekaan menunjukkan, bahwapopulasi Puasan (Ngablak) nilai Faktor resistensi (FR) 3,97 kali merupakan populasi dengan nilai FR paling tinggi, dan nilai FR yang paling rendah adalah populasi Selo (Boyolali) dan merupakan populasi yang paling peka. Hasil pengujian validasi konsentrasi diagnostik menunjukkan, bahwa nilai c2 hitung semua populasi yang diuji lebih kecil dari nilai c2 tabel, maka konsentrasi diagnostik yang ditetapkan (2443,99 ppb) sesuai untuk monitoring kepekaan populasi P. xylostella. Resistensi P. xylostella terhadap insektisida emamektin benzoat disebabkan oleh laju peningkatan detoksifikasi di dalam tubuh serangga oleh enzim MFO, tetapi aktivitas enzim esterase non spesifik tidak mencerminkan aktitas esterase. ABSTRACTThe objectives of this research to know the susceptible of P. xylostella population against emamectin benzoate insecticide, to monitor the resistance development of P. xylostella against insecticides by determine of a diagnostic concentration, to determine the resistance mechanism of P. xylostella population. P. xylostella was collected from central of Java areas from August 2011 up to September 2012. The data from bioassay test was analized using Probit analysis to obtain LC50 value. The suseptibility test of the insect resulted show that Puasan population (Ngablak) FR value was 3.97 and it was higher than the Selo population (Cepogo). The concentration of 2443.99 ppb as selected diagnostic consentration. The test result of diagnostic concentration validation indicated that the value of calculated c2 of all the tested population was lower than the value of c2table. Therefore the diagnostic concentration of 2443.99 ppb can be used monitoring device of susceptible P, xylostella population. The resistance mechanism of the P. xylostella to the insecticide resulted from the increase in the detoxification rate in the insect body by MFO enzyme, but non-specific esterase enzyme activity did not reflect the esterase activity.
ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN AIR SUNGAI BAWAH TANAH DAN PEMANFAATAN BERKELANJUTAN DI KAWASAN KARST MAROS SULAWESI SELATAN (Analysis of Underground River Water Availability and Its Sustainable uses at Karst Maros Area in South Sulawesi)
Get PDFABSTRAKKawasan Karst Maros mempunyai tata air yang kondusif, baik yang berada di bawah gua maupun yang muncul sebagai sungai permukaan, seperti DAS Bantimurung. DAS Bantimurung bahagian hulunya dipergunakan sebagai tempat pariwisata, air irigasi bagi pertanian dan air baku PDAM Kabupaten Maros. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan valuasi ekonomi terhadap sumberdaya air tersebut, berupa nilai total ekonomi. Besarnya debit air yang terdapat di Kawasan Karst Maros selama 20 tahun (1990-2010) cenderung berada pada angka 7,00 m3/s, dengan debit air terendah terjadi bulan September, sekitar 1,00 m3/s dan tertinggi pada bulan Januari mencapai 20 m3/s. Perhitungan nilai guna langsung (direct use value) sebesar Rp.385.479.052.214, nilai guna tidak langsung (indirect use value) sebesar Rp.13.251.588.000, dan nilai bukan guna (non use value) sebesar Rp.20.016.148.000, sehingga nilai ekonomi total (Total Economic Value, TEV) dari setiap tahunnya sebesar Rp.418.746.788.214. Untuk keberlanjutan pemanfaatan air sungai bawah tanah Kawasan Karst Maros diperoleh kebutuhan air seluruh irigasi pertanian di Kabupaten Maros adalah 5,32 m3/s dan PDAM sebesar 2.037.943 m3 setiap tahun. Sedangkan air yang tersedia di Kawasan Karst Maros adalah 220,8 juta m3 setiap tahun, sehingga masih ada surplus air sebesar 15,10 juta m3 setiap tahun. ABSTRACTThe karst region of Maros has water system that is conducive both under the cave and emerge as the river surface, such as watershed Bantimurung. The upstream of DAS Bantimurung is used as a place of tourism , agriculture and irrigation for raw water in Maros PDAM. To that end, economic valuation needed to be done to water resource, in the form of total economic value. The amount of discharge water contained in Maros Karst area for 20 years (1990-2010) tended stands at 7,00 m3/s, with the lowest water discharge occurred in September, approximately 1,00 m3/s and the highest in January at 20 m3/s. Direct use value amounted to Rp 385,479,052,214 then indirect use value was Rp 13,251,588,000 and the non-use value was Rp20,016,148,000, so the total economic value, TEV, of each year was Rp418,746,788,214. For sustainable use of river water underground of Karst Maros that acquired the entire agricultural irrigation water needed in Maros regency was 5,32 m3/s and the PDAM amounted 2,037,943 m3 then available water in Karst Maros was 220.8 milyar m3 per year, so there was still the water surplus of 15,10 milyar m3 for each yearABSTRAKKawasan Karst Maros mempunyai tata air yang kondusif, baik yang berada di bawah gua maupun yang muncul sebagai sungai permukaan, seperti DAS Bantimurung. DAS Bantimurung bahagian hulunya dipergunakan sebagai tempat pariwisata, air irigasi bagi pertanian dan air baku PDAM Kabupaten Maros. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan valuasi ekonomi terhadap sumberdaya air tersebut, berupa nilai total ekonomi. Besarnya debit air yang terdapat di Kawasan Karst Maros selama 20 tahun (1990-2010) cenderung berada pada angka 7,00 m3/s, dengan debit air terendah terjadi bulan September, sekitar 1,00 m3/s dan tertinggi pada bulan Januari mencapai 20 m3/s. Perhitungan nilai guna langsung (direct use value) sebesar Rp.385.479.052.214, nilai guna tidak langsung (indirect use value) sebesar Rp.13.251.588.000, dan nilai bukan guna (non use value) sebesar Rp.20.016.148.000, sehingga nilai ekonomi total (Total Economic Value, TEV) dari setiap tahunnya sebesar Rp.418.746.788.214. Untuk keberlanjutan pemanfaatan air sungai bawah tanah Kawasan Karst Maros diperoleh kebutuhan air seluruh irigasi pertanian di Kabupaten Maros adalah 5,32 m3/s dan PDAM sebesar 2.037.943 m3 setiap tahun. Sedangkan air yang tersedia di Kawasan Karst Maros adalah 220,8 juta m3 setiap tahun, sehingga masih ada surplus air sebesar 15,10 juta m3 setiap tahun. ABSTRACTThe karst region of Maros has water system that is conducive both under the cave and emerge as the river surface, such as watershed Bantimurung. The upstream of DAS Bantimurung is used as a place of tourism , agriculture and irrigation for raw water in Maros PDAM. To that end, economic valuation needed to be done to water resource, in the form of total economic value. The amount of discharge water contained in Maros Karst area for 20 years (1990-2010) tended stands at 7,00 m3/s, with the lowest water discharge occurred in September, approximately 1,00 m3/s and the highest in January at 20 m3/s. Direct use value amounted to Rp 385,479,052,214 then indirect use value was Rp 13,251,588,000 and the non-use value was Rp20,016,148,000, so the total economic value, TEV, of each year was Rp418,746,788,214. For sustainable use of river water underground of Karst Maros that acquired the entire agricultural irrigation water needed in Maros regency was 5,32 m3/s and the PDAM amounted 2,037,943 m3 then available water in Karst Maros was 220.8 milyar m3 per year, so there was still the water surplus of 15,10 milyar m3 for each yea
THE DIFFERENCE IN PEOPLE’S RESPONSE TOWARD NATURAL LANDSCAPE BETWEEN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS OF JAPAN AND INDONESIA (Perbedaan dalam Respon Manusia terhadap Lanskap Alami antara Pelajar Jepang dan Indonesia)
Get PDFABSTRACTPeople in different culture distinguish in their response to the environment, especially in interpretation and understanding of the perceived landscape. In order to plan and manage the environment for the selection of landscape with the aim of special care, protection, and amenity, it is crucial that people effectively participate and measure the existing values which nature represents to local residents. The purpose of this study was to clarify the differences of landscape recognition of Japan and Indonesia and to find the landscape element which is highly valued. The study was conducted with the following six steps, namely, photos collection, photo grouping, preference evaluation, exoticism evaluation, analysis, and recommendation. Cluster analysis (Ward’s method, squared Euclidean distance) was applied for the analysis of photo categories, and Mann-Whitney U Test was applied to examine the significant differences. In photo grouping, seven natural landscape photos of Japan and Indonesia were categorized in different groups. Forest photos were categorized as wetland by Japanese students. Two rivers, lake, and forest photos were categorized by Indonesian students, but Japanese students categorized it as forest and mountain in distant view. Japanese students also distinguished the wetland as wetland in distant view and wetland in close-up view. The results of preference evaluation show that significant differences were detected in 25 photos of 68 photos. The exoticism evaluation detected significant differences in 48 photos of 68 photos. Neither Japanese nor Indonesian students recognized forest and wetland. However, either the Japanese or Indonesian students preferred waterfall or coast than the others. Based on exoticism evaluation, river and wetland were not recognized, but coast and waterfall were recognized by both of countries. Both of countries shared commonality in landscape photographs evaluation of preference and exoticism, but differences had been found in landscape recognition based on the way of seeing landscape. ABSTRAKManusia dalam budaya yang berbeda membedakan respon mereka terhadap lingkungan, khususnya dalam interpretasi dan pemahaman lanskap yang dilihat atau dirasakan. Dalam rangka merencanakan dan mengelola lingkungan untuk pemilihan lanskap dengan tujuan perawatan khusus, perlindungan, dan kenyamanan, sangat penting bahwa manusia berpartisipasi secara efektif dan mengukur nilai-nilai eksisting yang alam berikan bagi penduduk lokal. Preferensi lanskap alami penting dalam perencanaan lanskap dari sudut pandang wisata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengklarifikasi perbedaan dalam pengenalan lanskap di Jepang dan Indonesia dan menemukans elemen lanskap yang dinilai tinggi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan enam tahapan, yaitu pengumpulan foto, pengelompokkan foto, evaluasi preferensi, evaluasi eksotisme, analisis dan rekomendasi. Analisis klaster (metode Ward, jarak Euclidian kuadrat) digunakan untuk analisis kelompok foto dan uji Mann-Whitney U digunakan untuk menguji perbedaan nyata. Dalam pengelompokan foto, tujuh foto lanskap alami di Jepang dan Indonesia dikelompokkan ke dalam grup yang berbeda. Foto hutan dikelompokkan sebagai lahan basah oleh pelajar Jepang. Dua foto sungai, danau, dan hutan dikelompokkan oleh pelajar Indonesia, tetapi pelajar Jepang mengelompokkannya sebagai hutan dan gunung pada jarak jauh. Pelajar Jepang juga membedakan lahan basah sebagai lahan basah pada jarak jauh dan lahan basah pada jarak dekat. Hasil evaluasi preferensi menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan nyata ditemukan pada 25 foto dari 68 foto. Evaluasi eksotisme menemukan perbedaan nyata dalam 48 foto dari 68 foto. Pelajar Jepang dan Indonesia tidak memilih hutan dan lahan basah. Namun, keduanya lebih memilih air terjun dan pesisir daripada jenis lanskap lainnya. Berdasarkan evaluasi eksotisme, sungai dan lahan basah tidak dipilih, sedangkan pesisir dan air terjun lebih dipilih oleh kedua negara. Kedua negara tersebut memiliki persamaan dalam evaluasi preferensi dan eksotisme foto lanskap, tetapi perbedaan pun ditemukan dalam pengenalan lanskap yang didasarkan pada cara melihat lanskap
EFEK PERLAKUAN LOGAM BERAT KADMIUM TERHADAP APOPTOSIS MELALUI AKTIVASI CASPASE-3 BULU BABI Deadema setosum: APLIKASI BIOMONITORING PENCEMARAN DI PERAIRAN LAUT (Effect of Cadmium Heavy Metal Treatment Toward Apoptosis Through Caspase-3 Activation of Sea)
Get PDFABSTRAKKadmium yang terakumulasi pada hewan dapat menyebabkan karsinogenik, mutagenik, dan teratogenik. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan secara eksperimen nonfaktorial dalam RAL 6 level dengan 7 ulangan selama 4 minggu, untuk mengkaji efek perlakuan logam berat Cd terhadap apoptosis melalui aktivasi protein caspase-3 bulu babi Deadema setosum. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Balai LIPI Ambon dalam 6 bak aquarium berukuran 100 x 60 x 70 cm3.Tiap bak perlakuan diisi 200 L air laut yang diganti satu kali setiap minggu. Konsentrasi perlakuan adalah 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, dan 12 µg/L Cd terlarut. Pada tiap bak diterapkan satu level perlakuan konsentrasi Cd, dan tiap bak itu dihuni oleh 7 individu D. setosum sebagai ulangan. Usia hewan uji sekitar 8 bulan berbobot 90 g dengan lingkar tubuh 15 cm. Hewan uji diberi pakan lamun. Pengukuran konsentrasi protein caspase-3 dilakukan pada organ hepar dengan metode Caspase Colorimetric Assay Kit, sedangkan pemeriksaan apoptosis dilakukan dengan teknik pengecatan Hematoxilen-Eosin (HE). Data penelitian terkait konsentrasi protein caspase-3 dianalisis dengan One Way Anova dan uji lanjut dihitung dengan Duncan 0,05. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa perlakuan Cd sangat signifikan meningkatkan kadar protein caspase-3; semakin tinggi kadar Cd, kadar protein caspase-3 juga makin tinggi. Konsentrasi protein caspase-3 pada konsentrasi perlakuan 12 µg/L Cd adalah yang paling tinggi dibanding kontrol. Gambaran histologi hepar D. setosum yang mengalami apoptosis atas dasar pengecatan HE sangat sesuai dengan tiap konsentrasi protein caspase-3 yang terekam. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa protein caspase-3 memiliki potensi sebagai satu alternatif biomonitoring pencemaran Cd pada tingkat seluler D. setosum di perairan laut. ABSTRACTCadmium which accumulated in animals could cause carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic. In this research, non factorial experiments conducted in Complete Random Design (CRD) 6 level with 7 replication for 4 weeks, in order to examine effect of Cd heavy metal treatment toward apoptosis through caspase-3 protein activation in sea urchin Deadema setosum. Research conducted in LIPI Ambon laboratory using 6 aquarium tank size 100 x 60 x 70 cm3. Each tank was filled with 200 litres of sea waters that being replace once a week. Treatment concentrations in tanks are containing 0.0, 1.0, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, and 12.0 µg/L dissolved Cd. In each tank there is one level Cd concentration treatment level, and each tank was filled with 7 Deadema setosum individual as replication. The age of animals is approximately 8 month with the weight 90 gram and body circumference 15 cm. These animals were fed with seagrass. Measurement of Caspase-3 protein concentration was conducted in heparin organ using the method Caspase Colorimetric Assay kit, while apoptosis examination was conducted by painting technique using Hematoxilen-Eosin (HE) in Physiology and Histology Laboratory of Medical Faculty Brawijaya University. Research data concerning caspase-3 protein concentration was analyzed by One Way Anova and further test was calculated by Duncan 0.05. Result of this research showed that Cd treatment is significantly increasing caspase-3 protein content; higher Cd content, caspase-3 protein would essentially higher. Caspase-3 protein concentration in treatment concentration of 12 µg/L is the highest compared to control treatment. Histological description of Deadema setosum heparin organ that experiencing apoptosis based on HE painting is in accord with each recorded caspase-3 protein concentration. This result showed that caspase-3 protein has the potential to become one alternative in Cd pollution biomonitoring at celluler level of Deadema setosum in the sea. ABSTRAKKadmium yang terakumulasi pada hewan dapat menyebabkan karsinogenik, mutagenik, dan teratogenik. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan secara eksperimen nonfaktorial dalam RAL 6 level dengan 7 ulangan selama 4 minggu, untuk mengkaji efek perlakuan logam berat Cd terhadap apoptosis melalui aktivasi protein caspase-3 bulu babi Deadema setosum. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Balai LIPI Ambon dalam 6 bak aquarium berukuran 100 x 60 x 70 cm3.Tiap bak perlakuan diisi 200 L air laut yang diganti satu kali setiap minggu. Konsentrasi perlakuan adalah 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, dan 12 µg/L Cd terlarut. Pada tiap bak diterapkan satu level perlakuan konsentrasi Cd, dan tiap bak itu dihuni oleh 7 individu D. setosum sebagai ulangan. Usia hewan uji sekitar 8 bulan berbobot 90 g dengan lingkar tubuh 15 cm. Hewan uji diberi pakan lamun. Pengukuran konsentrasi protein caspase-3 dilakukan pada organ hepar dengan metode Caspase Colorimetric Assay Kit, sedangkan pemeriksaan apoptosis dilakukan dengan teknik pengecatan Hematoxilen-Eosin (HE). Data penelitian terkait konsentrasi protein caspase-3 dianalisis dengan One Way Anova dan uji lanjut dihitung dengan Duncan 0,05. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa perlakuan Cd sangat signifikan meningkatkan kadar protein caspase-3; semakin tinggi kadar Cd, kadar protein caspase-3 juga makin tinggi. Konsentrasi protein caspase-3 pada konsentrasi perlakuan 12 µg/L Cd adalah yang paling tinggi dibanding kontrol. Gambaran histologi hepar D. setosum yang mengalami apoptosis atas dasar pengecatan HE sangat sesuai dengan tiap konsentrasi protein caspase-3 yang terekam. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa protein caspase-3 memiliki potensi sebagai satu alternatif biomonitoring pencemaran Cd pada tingkat seluler D. setosum di perairan laut. ABSTRACTCadmium which accumulated in animals could cause carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic. In this research, non factorial experiments conducted in Complete Random Design (CRD) 6 level with 7 replication for 4 weeks, in order to examine effect of Cd heavy metal treatment toward apoptosis through caspase-3 protein activation in sea urchin Deadema setosum. Research conducted in LIPI Ambon laboratory using 6 aquarium tank size 100 x 60 x 70 cm3. Each tank was filled with 200 litres of sea waters that being replace once a week. Treatment concentrations in tanks are containing 0.0, 1.0, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, and 12.0 µg/L dissolved Cd. In each tank there is one level Cd concentration treatment level, and each tank was filled with 7 Deadema setosum individual as replication. The age of animals is approximately 8 month with the weight 90 gram and body circumference 15 cm. These animals were fed with seagrass. Measurement of Caspase-3 protein concentration was conducted in heparin organ using the method Caspase Colorimetric Assay kit, while apoptosis examination was conducted by painting technique using Hematoxilen-Eosin (HE) in Physiology and Histology Laboratory of Medical Faculty Brawijaya University. Research data concerning caspase-3 protein concentration was analyzed by One Way Anova and further test was calculated by Duncan 0.05. Result of this research showed that Cd treatment is significantly increasing caspase-3 protein content; higher Cd content, caspase-3 protein would essentially higher. Caspase-3 protein concentration in treatment concentration of 12 µg/L is the highest compared to control treatment. Histological description of Deadema setosum heparin organ that experiencing apoptosis based on HE painting is in accord with each recorded caspase-3 protein concentration. This result showed that caspase-3 protein has the potential to become one alternative in Cd pollution biomonitoring at celluler level of Deadema setosum in the sea.
KONSERVASI KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI TANAMAN PADA SISTEM KALIWU DI PULAU SUMBA (Plant Biodiversity Conservation On Kaliwu System at Sumba Island)
Get PDFABSTRAKKonservasi keanekaragaman hayati tanaman di lahan rakyat memiliki peluang strategis mendorong masyarakat melakukan konservasinya, karena akumulasi lahan rakyat lebih luas dibandingkan dengan kawasan konservasi alam yang tersedia. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pemahaman mengenai sudut pandang masyarakat dan penerapannya dalam konservasi keanekaragaman hayati tanaman, yang tercermin pada berbagai bentuk dan sistem pengelolaannya oleh masyarakat. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui sudut pandang masyarakat terhadap keanekaragaman hayati tanaman, dan penerapannya melalui pengelolaan sistem Kaliwu di Pulau Sumba. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa pemahaman masyarakat terhadap keanekaragaman hayati tanaman sangat komprehensif, karena nilai dan manfaatnya menyentuh aspek-aspek kehidupan masyarakat yaitu aspek ekonomi-pendapatan, aspek ekologi-konservasi, aspek sosial-budaya dan aspek spiritual. Manifestasi dari sudut pandang masyarakat diterapkan melalui pengelolaan keanekaragaman hayati tanaman pada sistem Kaliwu yang mencapai 145 spesies, termasuk spesies terancam punah dan langka yang berasal dari 52 Famili. Nilai dan prinsip dasar dari konservasi keanekaragaman hayati tanaman oleh masyarakat pada sistem Kaliwu bersimpul pada keselarasan dan keberlanjutan antara kegiatan pemanfaatan dan konservasinya. ABSTRACTPlant biodiversity conservation on communities land has a strategic opportunity in encouraging community to carry out plant conservation due to the higher accumulation of people’s land compared to the conservation area available. Therefore, understanding is required on the community perspective and its implementation in the plant biodiversity conservation shown in the various managerial forms and systems that the community performs. This research aimed to identify the community perspective on plant biodiversity and its implementation through the management of Kaliwu system at Sumba Island. The results shows that community understanding on plant biodiversity is highly comprehensive since its values and benefits have reached the community life aspects including economic-income, ecological-conservation, socio-cultural and spiritual aspects. Based on the community perspective, manifestation is implemented through the plant biodiversity management in the Kaliwu system of 145 species, including endangered and rare species from 52 families. The basic values and principles of plant biodiversity conservation that the community has conducted on the Kaliwu system are based on the harmony and sustainability between utilization and conservation.ABSTRAKKonservasi keanekaragaman hayati tanaman di lahan rakyat memiliki peluang strategis mendorong masyarakat melakukan konservasinya, karena akumulasi lahan rakyat lebih luas dibandingkan dengan kawasan konservasi alam yang tersedia. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pemahaman mengenai sudut pandang masyarakat dan penerapannya dalam konservasi keanekaragaman hayati tanaman, yang tercermin pada berbagai bentuk dan sistem pengelolaannya oleh masyarakat. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui sudut pandang masyarakat terhadap keanekaragaman hayati tanaman, dan penerapannya melalui pengelolaan sistem Kaliwu di Pulau Sumba. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa pemahaman masyarakat terhadap keanekaragaman hayati tanaman sangat komprehensif, karena nilai dan manfaatnya menyentuh aspek-aspek kehidupan masyarakat yaitu aspek ekonomi-pendapatan, aspek ekologi-konservasi, aspek sosial-budaya dan aspek spiritual. Manifestasi dari sudut pandang masyarakat diterapkan melalui pengelolaan keanekaragaman hayati tanaman pada sistem Kaliwu yang mencapai 145 spesies, termasuk spesies terancam punah dan langka yang berasal dari 52 Famili. Nilai dan prinsip dasar dari konservasi keanekaragaman hayati tanaman oleh masyarakat pada sistem Kaliwu bersimpul pada keselarasan dan keberlanjutan antara kegiatan pemanfaatan dan konservasinya. ABSTRACTPlant biodiversity conservation on communities land has a strategic opportunity in encouraging community to carry out plant conservation due to the higher accumulation of people’s land compared to the conservation area available. Therefore, understanding is required on the community perspective and its implementation in the plant biodiversity conservation shown in the various managerial forms and systems that the community performs. This research aimed to identify the community perspective on plant biodiversity and its implementation through the management of Kaliwu system at Sumba Island. The results shows that community understanding on plant biodiversity is highly comprehensive since its values and benefits have reached the community life aspects including economic-income, ecological-conservation, socio-cultural and spiritual aspects. Based on the community perspective, manifestation is implemented through the plant biodiversity management in the Kaliwu system of 145 species, including endangered and rare species from 52 families. The basic values and principles of plant biodiversity conservation that the community has conducted on the Kaliwu system are based on the harmony and sustainability between utilization and conservation
BIOAKUMULASI MERKURI DAN STRUKTUR HEPATOPANKREAS PADA TEREBRALIA SULCATA DAN NERITA ARGUS (MOLUSKA: GASTROPODA) DI KAWASAN BEKAS PENGGELONDONGAN EMAS, MUARA SUNGAI LAMPON, BANYUWANGI, JAWA TIMUR(Bioaccumulation of mercury and the hepatopancreas structure)
Get PDFABSTRAKAmalgamasi pada proses penggelondongan emas tradisional di muara sungai Lampon menggunakan Merkuri (Hg). Limbah dibuang langsung ke muara dan lingkungan sekitar. Walaupun aktivitas penggelondongan emas telah dihentikan, efek cemar Merkuri terhadap lingkungan termasuk biota terus berlangsung. Bioakumulasi Merkuri dapat ditelusuri menggunakan bioindikator anggota Gastropoda. Penelusuran bioakumulasi Merkuri menggunakan spesimen Terebralia sulcata yang hidup di hutan mangrove sekitar lokasi penggelondongan, dan Nerita argus yang hidup di muara pantai. Analisis Merkuri berdasar metode SNI 06-6992.2-2004 menggunakan perangkat Mercury Analyzer. Hepatopankreas sebagai organ detoksifikasi Merkuri digunakan sebagai parameter patologis. Hepatopankreas masing-masing spesimen dipreparasi dengan metode parafin, diwarnai dengan Hematoksilin Ehrlich’s-Eosin untuk pengamatan struktur mikroskopis. Bioakumulasi Merkuri dalam tubuh T. sulcata hingga 3,10 ppm, sedangkan dalam tubuh N. argus hingga 3,03 ppm. Tampak banyak vesikula residu diduga berisi inklusi pemadatan elektron dan metalotionin sebagai dampak detoksifikasi ion logam Merkuri dalam hepatopankreas. Tubulus hepatopankreas N. argus mengalami disintegrasi dan atropi cukup parah. Walaupun tambang emas di Lampon berskala kecil dan telah ditutup, efek patologis pencemaran Merkuri terhadap biota terutama Gastropoda sangat signifikan. ABSTRACTTraditional gold mining at Lampon Banyuwangi district was used mercury amalgamation. Tailings are discharged to waters, that caused mercury pollution. Mercury accumulation can be trace in sediments and benthic organisms such as Gastropods. Although the gold mining has been ceased, the impact of mercury pollution can be traced. The purposes of this study are to know the mercury accumulation in sediments, to know mercury bioaccumulation in the soft body of Gastropod bioindicators, to know mercury pathological effect in hepatopancreas. Terebralia sulcata and Nerita argus are Gastropods that as mercury bioindicators in this research. Study site administratively located at Banyuwangi district, East Java. Mercury analysis using SNI 06.6992.2-2004 methods that reads by Mercury Analyzer at LPPT UGM Yogyakarta. Hepatopancreas structure of Terebralia sulcata and Nerita argus were preparating with paraffin method and Hematoxilin Ehrlich’s-Eosin staining method. Accumulation of mercury in the tailings about 137,54 ppm, in site I sediment 0,45 ppm, in site II sediment 65,52 ppm, in site III sediment 1,17 ppm and in the tailing piles remaining after the mining ceased about 634,19 ppm. Bioaccumulation in Terebralia sulcata 3,10 ppm, Nerita argus about 3,03 ppm. The values of mercury accumulation are very high at all. Residual vesicles are found in hepatopancreas structure of Terebralia sulcata. The residual vesicles are the sign of mercury detoxification proccess. Vesicles are thought to contain inclutions of residual electrons and methallothionine compaction as a result of mercury ions detoxification by hepatopancreas cells. The hepatopancreatic tubulus of Nerita argus have disintegration and severe atrophy. The gold mining at Lampon is the small gold mining and has been ceased but the pathological effects of mercury pollution on aquatic organisms, especially Gastropods is very significant. ABSTRAKAmalgamasi pada proses penggelondongan emas tradisional di muara sungai Lampon menggunakan Merkuri (Hg). Limbah dibuang langsung ke muara dan lingkungan sekitar. Walaupun aktivitas penggelondongan emas telah dihentikan, efek cemar Merkuri terhadap lingkungan termasuk biota terus berlangsung. Bioakumulasi Merkuri dapat ditelusuri menggunakan bioindikator anggota Gastropoda. Penelusuran bioakumulasi Merkuri menggunakan spesimen Terebralia sulcata yang hidup di hutan mangrove sekitar lokasi penggelondongan, dan Nerita argus yang hidup di muara pantai. Analisis Merkuri berdasar metode SNI 06-6992.2-2004 menggunakan perangkat Mercury Analyzer. Hepatopankreas sebagai organ detoksifikasi Merkuri digunakan sebagai parameter patologis. Hepatopankreas masing-masing spesimen dipreparasi dengan metode parafin, diwarnai dengan Hematoksilin Ehrlich’s-Eosin untuk pengamatan struktur mikroskopis. Bioakumulasi Merkuri dalam tubuh T. sulcata hingga 3,10 ppm, sedangkan dalam tubuh N. argus hingga 3,03 ppm. Tampak banyak vesikula residu diduga berisi inklusi pemadatan elektron dan metalotionin sebagai dampak detoksifikasi ion logam Merkuri dalam hepatopankreas. Tubulus hepatopankreas N. argus mengalami disintegrasi dan atropi cukup parah. Walaupun tambang emas di Lampon berskala kecil dan telah ditutup, efek patologis pencemaran Merkuri terhadap biota terutama Gastropoda sangat signifikan. ABSTRACTTraditional gold mining at Lampon Banyuwangi district was used mercury amalgamation. Tailings are discharged to waters, that caused mercury pollution. Mercury accumulation can be trace in sediments and benthic organisms such as Gastropods. Although the gold mining has been ceased, the impact of mercury pollution can be traced. The purposes of this study are to know the mercury accumulation in sediments, to know mercury bioaccumulation in the soft body of Gastropod bioindicators, to know mercury pathological effect in hepatopancreas. Terebralia sulcata and Nerita argus are Gastropods that as mercury bioindicators in this research. Study site administratively located at Banyuwangi district, East Java. Mercury analysis using SNI 06.6992.2-2004 methods that reads by Mercury Analyzer at LPPT UGM Yogyakarta. Hepatopancreas structure of Terebralia sulcata and Nerita argus were preparating with paraffin method and Hematoxilin Ehrlich’s-Eosin staining method. Accumulation of mercury in the tailings about 137,54 ppm, in site I sediment 0,45 ppm, in site II sediment 65,52 ppm, in site III sediment 1,17 ppm and in the tailing piles remaining after the mining ceased about 634,19 ppm. Bioaccumulation in Terebralia sulcata 3,10 ppm, Nerita argus about 3,03 ppm. The values of mercury accumulation are very high at all. Residual vesicles are found in hepatopancreas structure of Terebralia sulcata. The residual vesicles are the sign of mercury detoxification proccess. Vesicles are thought to contain inclutions of residual electrons and methallothionine compaction as a result of mercury ions detoxification by hepatopancreas cells. The hepatopancreatic tubulus of Nerita argus have disintegration and severe atrophy. The gold mining at Lampon is the small gold mining and has been ceased but the pathological effects of mercury pollution on aquatic organisms, especially Gastropods is very significant.
PERAN REVEGETASI TERHADAP RESTORASI TANAH PADA LAHAN REHABILITASI TAMBANG BATUBARA DI DAERAH TROPIKA (The Role of Revegetation on the Soil Restoration in Rehabilitation Areas of Tropical Coal Mining)
Get PDFABSTRAKPertambangan batubara terbuka menyebabkan degradasi lahan, sehingga perlu upaya rehabilitasi lahan melalui program revegetasi. Penelitian dilakukan di areal PT. Berau Coal pada site Binungan, Lati dan Sambarata, Kabupaten Berau, Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap ber-blok dengan umur revegetasi sebagai perlakuan, tiga kali ulangan dan tiga site sebagai blok. Pemilihan lokasi menggunakan metode purposif sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel yang didasarkan pada pertimbangan pada umur pengolahan lahan revegetasi, meliputi S1 : area hutan sebelum ditambang (rona awal), S2 : revegetasi awal, umur tanaman 5 tahun. Pengambilan sampel tanah pada kedalaman 0–20 dan 20-40 cm pada setiap perlakuan di ketiga lokasi, selanjutnya dianalisis sifat fisik dan kimianya. Tanah Typic Hapludult pada lahan hutan sebelum ditambang batubara secara terbuka (S1, rona awal) mempunyai kadar C-organik (1,87 %), N-total (0,14 %), P-tersedia (31,40 ppm), K-tertukar (0,11 me/100g), pH (3,98), KTK (10,72 me/100g) dan kejenuhan basa (17 %). Penambangan terbuka batubara telah menyebabkan lapisan bawah dan permukaan tanah menjadi terbongkar dan terjadi penurunan kualitas tanah yang sangat drastis. Penimbunan lahan dengan media tanah permukaan sebelumnya, telah cukup mampu memperbaiki sifat-sifat tanah tertambang namun belum sesuai sebagai media pertumbuhan, serta sangat rentan terhadap degradasi lahan lebih lanjut. Revegetasi menggunakan tanaman pionir, cepat tumbuh dan adaptif seperti Sengon, Akasia, Sungkai, Melina, Angsana, Jarak serta Legume Cover Crop (LCC) pada area bekas tambang batubara memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap peningkatan kandungan C-organik, N-total dan pH tanah. Revegetasi menggunakan spesies cepat tumbuh setelah berumur 5 tahun telah mengembalikan bahkan memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah dibanding dengan kondisi pada hutan tropika basah sebelum dilakukan penambangan terbuka. ABSTRACTOpen coal mining causes land degradation, so they need land rehabilitation through re-vegetation programs. The study was conducted in the PT Berau Coal area of Binungan, Lati and Sambarata site, Berau regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Research using a randomized completely block design with the age of re-vegetation as treatments, three replication and three sites as blocks. Sampling unit was selected using a purposive sampling method that is based on the re-vegetation management, including: (i) S1: forest area without mining activities (baseline), (ii) S2: initial re-vegetation, plant age 5 years. Soil sample was collected from 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil depth in each treatment at three locations, then analyzed for soil physic and chemistry. Soil of Typic Hapludult on forest land without coal mining has a C-organic (1.87 %), N-total (0.14 %), available-P (31.40 ppm), exchangeable-K (0.11 me/100g), pH (3.98), CEC (10.72 me/100g) and base saturation (17 %). Opened coal mining has led the soil layer becomes exposed and a declining in soil quality drastically. Land closure with the top soil media has been quite able to improve soil properties in rehabilitation areas, but not suitable as media for plant growth, and highly susceptible for further degradation. Land rehabilitation and re-vegetation with fast growing and adaptive pioneer plants such as: Sengon, Acacia, Sungkai, Melina, Angsana, Jarak and Legume Cover Crop (LCC) in the rehabilitation area of coal mining, gave significant effect on the increasing of C-organic, N-total and soil pH. Re-vegetation with fast growing species after 5-year-old has returned the soil chemical properties that are equivalent or even better than thier condition in moist tropical forests without open coal mining.ABSTRAKPertambangan batubara terbuka menyebabkan degradasi lahan, sehingga perlu upaya rehabilitasi lahan melalui program revegetasi. Penelitian dilakukan di areal PT. Berau Coal pada site Binungan, Lati dan Sambarata, Kabupaten Berau, Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap ber-blok dengan umur revegetasi sebagai perlakuan, tiga kali ulangan dan tiga site sebagai blok. Pemilihan lokasi menggunakan metode purposif sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel yang didasarkan pada pertimbangan pada umur pengolahan lahan revegetasi, meliputi S1 : area hutan sebelum ditambang (rona awal), S2 : revegetasi awal, umur tanaman 5 tahun. Pengambilan sampel tanah pada kedalaman 0–20 dan 20-40 cm pada setiap perlakuan di ketiga lokasi, selanjutnya dianalisis sifat fisik dan kimianya. Tanah Typic Hapludult pada lahan hutan sebelum ditambang batubara secara terbuka (S1, rona awal) mempunyai kadar C-organik (1,87 %), N-total (0,14 %), P-tersedia (31,40 ppm), K-tertukar (0,11 me/100g), pH (3,98), KTK (10,72 me/100g) dan kejenuhan basa (17 %). Penambangan terbuka batubara telah menyebabkan lapisan bawah dan permukaan tanah menjadi terbongkar dan terjadi penurunan kualitas tanah yang sangat drastis. Penimbunan lahan dengan media tanah permukaan sebelumnya, telah cukup mampu memperbaiki sifat-sifat tanah tertambang namun belum sesuai sebagai media pertumbuhan, serta sangat rentan terhadap degradasi lahan lebih lanjut. Revegetasi menggunakan tanaman pionir, cepat tumbuh dan adaptif seperti Sengon, Akasia, Sungkai, Melina, Angsana, Jarak serta Legume Cover Crop (LCC) pada area bekas tambang batubara memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap peningkatan kandungan C-organik, N-total dan pH tanah. Revegetasi menggunakan spesies cepat tumbuh setelah berumur 5 tahun telah mengembalikan bahkan memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah dibanding dengan kondisi pada hutan tropika basah sebelum dilakukan penambangan terbuka. ABSTRACTOpen coal mining causes land degradation, so they need land rehabilitation through re-vegetation programs. The study was conducted in the PT Berau Coal area of Binungan, Lati and Sambarata site, Berau regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Research using a randomized completely block design with the age of re-vegetation as treatments, three replication and three sites as blocks. Sampling unit was selected using a purposive sampling method that is based on the re-vegetation management, including: (i) S1: forest area without mining activities (baseline), (ii) S2: initial re-vegetation, plant age 5 years. Soil sample was collected from 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil depth in each treatment at three locations, then analyzed for soil physic and chemistry. Soil of Typic Hapludult on forest land without coal mining has a C-organic (1.87 %), N-total (0.14 %), available-P (31.40 ppm), exchangeable-K (0.11 me/100g), pH (3.98), CEC (10.72 me/100g) and base saturation (17 %). Opened coal mining has led the soil layer becomes exposed and a declining in soil quality drastically. Land closure with the top soil media has been quite able to improve soil properties in rehabilitation areas, but not suitable as media for plant growth, and highly susceptible for further degradation. Land rehabilitation and re-vegetation with fast growing and adaptive pioneer plants such as: Sengon, Acacia, Sungkai, Melina, Angsana, Jarak and Legume Cover Crop (LCC) in the rehabilitation area of coal mining, gave significant effect on the increasing of C-organic, N-total and soil pH. Re-vegetation with fast growing species after 5-year-old has returned the soil chemical properties that are equivalent or even better than thier condition in moist tropical forests without open coal mining